Undernederlandsk: Difference between revisions

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 The alphabet looks as follows:
 Aa Bb Dd Ðð Ee Ff Gg Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn Oo Pp Rr Ss Tt Þþ Uu Vv Xx Yy Ää Öö Åå Ææ Øø.
+The letters do not necessarily have an inherent pronunciation, and indeed it is possible that what is written down as a vowel is pronounced as a consonant, and ''vice versa''.
+An example of a vowel being pronounced like a consonant would be the word ''stadtillstaund'' "city management", [ˈsta:ˌtʰ:ilˀstɑɳʈ], where /u/ is realized as [r] and therefore is through retroflexion assimilated into [n] and [t], changing them into their retroflex variants [ɳ] and [ʈ]. So even though /u/ is practically not pronounced, it does fulfill the role /r/ otherwise would.
+An example of a consonant being pronounced like a vowel would be the word ''iðegran'' "yew tree", [ˈiðˀoɾɐn]. Here the /eg/ is pronounced as [o], as the /g/ takes priority over /e/, and the /g/ is pronounced [o].
+There are however a few regulations that hold in the spelling. These are reflected in the usage of strong sounds, ''stærkljydar'', and weak sounds, ''svågljydar''.
+===Strong sounds===
+A strong sound is a sound that is, no matter the circumstances, represented by the same letter. The letter when used in writing therefore has no other sound it represents other than ''that'' sound. It can also never be omitted in speech.
+====Consonants====
+Strong consonants, ''stærkmedknyster'', are: Ð, F, H, J, K, M and Þ.
+These letters are pronounced as follows:
+*/ð/ is always pronounced as voiced dental frictative [ð]
+*/f/ is always pronounced as unvoiced labio-dental frictative [f]
+*/h/ is always pronounced as either as voiceless pharyngeal frictative [ħ], voiceless epiglottal frictative [ʜ], as voiceless glottal approximant [h] or as voiced glottal approximant [ɦ]*
+*/j/ is always pronounced as palatal approximant [j]
+*/k/ is always pronounced as voiceless velar plosive [k]
+*/m/ is always pronounced as voiced bilabial nasal [m]
+*/þ/ is always pronounced as voiceless dental frictative [θ].
+(*)Pronunciation of /h/ depends on dialect, but is (in general) always consistent within that dialect.
+In addition to these, there are also several digraphs and trigraphs that can be considered strong consonants. These ''stærkmeramedknyster'' are: sk, skj, stj and xh.
+These letters are pronounced as follows:
+*/sk/, /skj/ and /stj/ are always pronounced as voiceless coarticulated velar and palatoalveolar fricative [ɧ]
+*/xh/ is always pronounced as voiceless uvular stop [q]*.
+(*)/xh/ only occurs in compound words like ''fuxholl'' "fox den", [ˈfʉq:ɔl:].
 ==Grammar==