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Thangha': Difference between revisions

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* A phonemic distiction between long and short vowels emerges. English */æ/ is always lengthened to /æː/. The only places where this distiction is not phonemic are before nasal codas and at the end of words. In both of these cases only short vowels occur.
* A phonemic distiction between long and short vowels emerges. English */æ/ is always lengthened to /æː/. The only places where this distiction is not phonemic are before nasal codas and at the end of words. In both of these cases only short vowels occur.


* Diphthongs contract to short vowels in (originally) unstressed syllables. In syllables that were originally stressed, they are split into two syllables with a glottal stop intervening. So "mountain" is pronounced as *[ˈmaʔunten].
* Diphthongs, coda consonants (including coda /r/, which has survived in some words) and long vowels each contribute an additional mora to a syllable. So for example, in the word "bullet", the first syllable has one mora, and the second has two morae.


* Diphthongs, coda consonants (including coda /r/, which has survived in some words) and long vowels each contribute an additional mora to a syllable. So for example, in the word "mountain", the first syllable has one mora, and the other two have two morae.
* The final mora of a word is extrametrical. For the purposes of assigning stress, it doesn't count. So "bullet" effectively has one mora on each syllable now.


* The final mora of a word is extrametrical. For the purposes of assigning stress, it doesn't count. So "mountain" effectively has two morae on the middle syllable, and one mora on each of the final syllables.
* The syllable with the most morae gets assigned stress. So "bullet" is now */buˈlet/. There are some cases where the stress stays the same e.g. "doctor" is */dokta/.
 
* The syllable with the most morae gets assigned stress. So "mountain" is now *[maˈʔunten]. Likewise "bullet" is now */buˈlet/. There are some cases where the stress stays the same e.g. "doctor" is */dokta/.




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* Unstressed syllables after the stress syllable take the same pitch as the final syllable of a word.
* Unstressed syllables after the stress syllable take the same pitch as the final syllable of a word.


So "doctor" is now */ˈdókə̀tà/ HLL, "mountain" is now */máˈʔúntèn/ HHL, "bullet" is now /búˈlétə̀/ HHL, "llama" is */ˈjə́má/ HH (it begins with an initial /j/ because the word is borrowed from Spanish).
So "doctor" is now */ˈdókə̀tà/ HLL, "bullet" is now /búˈlétə̀/ HHL, "llama" is */ˈjə́má/ HH (it begins with an initial /j/ because the word is borrowed from Spanish).


4) If a word has stress on any syllable before the penultimate, the word was truncated so that stress falls on the penultimate syllable. However, this truncation does not delete tone, which is mapped to syllables from right to left. So "doctor" is */ˈdòkà/ HLL, where the initial H tone is a floating tone that only surfaces when the noun takes a prefix.
4) If a word has stress on any syllable before the penultimate, the word was truncated so that stress falls on the penultimate syllable. However, this truncation does not delete tone, which is mapped to syllables from right to left. So "doctor" is */ˈdòkà/ HLL, where the initial H tone is a floating tone that only surfaces when the noun takes a prefix.
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