Nurian/Old/Morphology

Nouns

Nurian nouns have singular and plural numbers, and inflect in case/state.

Nouns and adjectives fall into predetermined declension classes, regardless of the etymology. Exceptions are some irregular nouns and adjectives.

Masculine nouns

Masculine nouns typically end in -ą, -į, -ų, or -ūr.

-ą nouns:

aġġiakkāt-ą 'pasta guitar-like musical instrument'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	aġġiakkāt-ą	aġġiakkāt-ai
	Genitive	aġġiakkāt-at	aġġiakkāt-abeh
Construct		aġġiakkāt-ū	aġġiakkāt-uoni

-į nouns:

thab-į 'plant, vegetable'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	thab-į	thab-eih
	Genitive	thab-it	thab-ibeh
Construct		thab-ei	thab-īni

-ų nouns:

fannh-ų 'sea'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	fannh-ų	fannh-ūh
	Genitive	fannh-ut	fannh-ubeh
Construct		fannh-ui	fannh-ūni

Feminine nouns

Feminine nouns typically end in -ai, -ei, -ī, -i, or -ui.

-ai nouns:

gand-ai 'body'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	gand-ai	gand-ar
	Genitive	gand-ą	gand-ābeh
Construct		gand-ia	gand-āni

-ei nouns:

tīm-ei 'hand'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	tīm-ei	tīm-er
	Genitive	tīm-ę	tīm-ēbeh
Construct		tīm-ia	tīm-ēni

-ui nouns:

maċċi-ui 'snake'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	maċċi-ui	maċċi-ur
	Genitive	maċċi-ų	maċċi-ūbeh
Construct		maċċi-a	maċċi-ūni

Neuter nouns

Neuter nouns end in -ah, -ih, -uh, -h, or sometimes other consonants.

-ah nouns:

tett-ah 'child'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	tett-ah	tett-ų
	Genitive	tett-at	tett-abeh
Construct		tett-ā	tett-uoni

-ih nouns:

vel-ih 'name'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	vel-ih	vel-ių
	Genitive	vel-it	vel-ibeh
Construct		vel-ī	vel-īni

Also: davih 'valley'

-uh nouns:

ċhid-uh 'herd'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	ċhid-uh	ċhid-ų
	Genitive	ċhid-ut	ċhid-ubeh
Construct		ċhid-ū	ċhid-ūni

C-stem nouns, C = h (from Thensarian φ):

thūs 'fire'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	thūs	thuh-ą
	Genitive	thuh-et	thuh-abeh
Construct		thuh-ā	thuh-uoni

C-stem nouns, C = t, th, d:

bies 'stem'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	bies	bie-dą
	Genitive	bied-et	bied-abeh
Construct		bied-ā	bied-uoni

Also kannans, kannantą 'wife'.

C-stem nouns, C = k, kh, g:

ȝażīs 'wool'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	ȝażīs	ȝażik-ą
	Genitive	ȝażiċ-et	ȝażik-abeh
Construct		ȝażik-ā	ȝażik-uoni

ȝ-stem nouns:

jen-āh 'water'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	jen-āh	jen-aȝą
	Genitive	jen-āt	jen-ābeh
Construct		jen-aȝā	jen-aȝuoni

ħ-stem nouns:

hel-āh 'horn'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	hel-āh	hel-aħą
	Genitive	hel-āt	hel-ābeh
Construct		hel-aħā	hel-aħuoni

C-stem nouns, C none of the above:

uor 'sound'

		Singular	Plural
Absolute	Nominative	uor	uor-ą
	Genitive	uor-et	uor-abeh
Construct		uor-ā	uor-uoni

Adjectives

a adjectives

i adjectives

u adjectives

C adjectives

Verbs

Preverbs

• aC- = some kind of applicative
• di- = in, into
• hei- = with

TAM

Present

Person	tussāni "I pray" (a-stem)	tareni "I bloom, flourish" (e-stem)	aillini "I love" (i-stem)	kassyni "I eat" (ablaut stem)
1SG	tussāni	tareni	aillini	kassyni
2SG	tussāri	tareri	ailliri	kassyri
3SG.M	tussą	tarę	aillį	kassy̨
3SG.F	tussāh	tareh	aillih	kassyh
3SG.N	tussā	tare	ailli	kassy
1EX	tussāmē	taremē	aillimē	kassymē
1IN	tussānti	tarenti	aillinti	kassynti
2PL	tussāċċhi	tareċċhi	ailliċċhi	kassyċċhi
3PL	tussāti	tareti	ailliti	kassyti

Imperfect

Reduplication rules:

• If word begins with C, redup first CV (V is shortened)

Preterite

Person	tussāni "I pray" (a-stem)	tareni "I bloom, flourish" (e-stem)	aillini "I love" (i-stem)	kassyni "I eat" (ablaut stem)
1SG	tussādī	taredī	aillidī	ċēdī
2SG	tussai	tarī	aillī	ċēvȳ
3SG.M	tussāmhi	taremhi	aillimhi	ċēmhi
3SG.F	tussātthi	taretthi	aillitthi	ċētthi
3SG.N	tussāsa	taresa	aillisa	ċēsa
1EX	tussāmer	taremer	aillimer	ċēmer
1IN	tussānter	tarenter	aillinter	ċēnter
2PL	tussāċċher	tareċċher	ailliċċher	ċēċċher
3PL	tussāti	tareti	ailliti	ċēter