Verse:Mwail/Old Gloob: Difference between revisions
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===Verbs=== | ===Verbs=== | ||
Verbs have elaborate but quite regular inflection. Finite verbs are marked for TAM, mirativity, voice (active and mediopassive), the subject's person, number, and gender and, if the direct object is definite, is obligatorily marked with the (usually direct) object's person, number, and gender in most TAMs, except in the imperative and the prohibitive. For example: ''Nés{{blue|ai}} zárr'' (kill-ACT.PRES.1SG cat.SG.INDEF 'I kill a cat') against ''Nes{{blue|ainý}} zárrē'' (kill-ACT.PRES.1SG{{blue|>3SG.M}} cat-SG.DEF 'I kill the cat'). The verb may agree with an indirect object (which is typically animate) instead of with the direct object. Object agreement is often omitted in poetry. Verbs also have several non-finite forms, used with various subordinating conjunctions and relative clauses. | Verbs have elaborate but quite regular inflection. Finite verbs are marked for TAM, mirativity, voice (active and mediopassive), the subject's person, number, and gender and, if the direct object is definite, is obligatorily marked with the (usually direct) object's person, number, and gender in most TAMs, except in the imperative and the prohibitive (Imperative and prohibitive verbs may contain object affixes for sake of clarity). For example: ''Nés{{blue|ai}} zárr'' (kill-ACT.PRES.1SG cat.SG.INDEF 'I kill a cat') against ''Nes{{blue|ainý}} zárrē'' (kill-ACT.PRES.1SG{{blue|>3SG.M}} cat-SG.DEF 'I kill the cat'). The verb may agree with an indirect object (which is typically animate) instead of with the direct object. Object agreement is often omitted in poetry. Verbs also have several non-finite forms, used with various subordinating conjunctions and relative clauses. | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" | ||
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!−3!!−2!!−1!!0!!1!!2!!3!!4!!5!!/Downstep | !−3!!−2!!−1!!0!!1!!2!!3!!4!!5!!/Downstep | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Applicative prefix|| | |Applicative prefix||Mirative/Subjunctive||Imperfective prefix||'''STEM'''||Supplementary aspect||Causative||Passive||TAM/Subject||Object||TAM/Subject | ||
|} | |} | ||
Note that Themsaran verbs display so-callsed first-conjunct agreement as common amongst VSO languages, i.e. in the case of a subject composed of two or more noun phrases with a coordinator, the verb will agree with the first noun phrase. | Note that Themsaran verbs display so-callsed first-conjunct agreement as common amongst VSO languages, i.e. in the case of a subject composed of two or more noun phrases with a coordinator, the verb will agree with the first noun phrase. | ||
====Tense-Aspect-Mood==== | ====Tense-Aspect-Mood==== | ||
=====Basic TAMs===== | =====Basic TAMs===== | ||
The basic tenses, marked with a combination of tone, suffixes and prefixes, are: | The basic tenses, marked with a combination of tone, suffixes and prefixes, are: | ||