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Verse:Mwail/Old Gloob: Difference between revisions

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===Word order and fronting===
===Word order and fronting===
The default constituent order is (time-place)-verb/predicate adjective-subject-pronominal oblique object-direct object-(place-time). Any constituent may be topicalized or focalized by being placed in front of the verb. The syntactic difference between topicalization and focalization is that a topicalized noun phrase is the absolute first constituent of a clause while focalized noun phrases have to follow pre-verbal adjuncts such as negation. New information adverbs such as ''la'' (also) tend to topicalize, and restrictive adverbs such as ''vid'' (only) tend to focus.
The default constituent order is (time-place)-verb/predicate adjective-subject-pronominal oblique object-direct object-(place-time). Any constituent may be topicalized or focalized by being placed in front of the verb. The syntactic difference between topicalization and focalization is that a topicalized noun phrase is the absolute first constituent of a clause while focalized noun phrases have to follow pre-verbal adjuncts such as negation. New information adverbs such as ''la'' (also) tend to topicalize, and restrictive adverbs such as ''vid'' (only) tend to focus.
===Negation===
Negation of finite verbs is performed by the particle ''tír''.
Predicates and participles by default are negated with ''dār'' (a proclitic).
Irrealis (imperative, jussive) verbs are negated by using the irrealis negation clitic ''ham'', as are semantically irrealis participial clauses such as those indicating purpose. ''Hám'' may also be used as a standalone exclamation ("do not!"/"may it not happen!").
The negation of ''mór'' (in non-jussive forms) is ''íris, irs-''.
Infinitives are negated with ''tíem''.


==="Emphasis"===
==="Emphasis"===
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||because, for||
||because, for||
|-
|-
|''gin''
|''gi''
||if (metaphorical/counterfactual)||
||if (metaphorical/counterfactual)||
|-
|-
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:''(the allegation) that they are exceptional in war''
:''(the allegation) that they are exceptional in war''


===Negation===
====Conditional clauses====
Negation of finite verbs is performed by the particle ''tír''.
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 500px; text-align: center;"
 
|-
Predicates and participles by default are negated with ''dār'' (a proclitic).
!|Type
 
!|Protasis
Irrealis (imperative, jussive) verbs are negated by using the irrealis negation clitic ''ham'', as are semantically irrealis participial clauses such as those indicating purpose. ''Hám'' may also be used as a standalone exclamation ("do not!"/"may it not happen!").
!|Apodosis
 
|-
The negation of ''mór'' (in non-jussive forms) is ''íris'' (a predicate noun).
|gnomic; general present
 
|''nit'' + present indicative||present indicative
Infinitives are negated with ''tíem''.
|-
|general past
|''nit'' + imperfect indicative||imperfect indicative
|-
|implicational, more probable
|''īs'' + present indicative || present/future indicative
|-
|implicational, uncertain
|''īs'' + present indicative || present/future subjunctive
|-
|situational, more probable
|''ar'' + present/future indicative || future indicative
|-
|situational, causality uncertain
|''ar'' + present/future indicative || future subjunctive
|-
|situational, improbable
|''gin'' + present/future indicative || future subjunctive
|-
|counterfactual/metaphorical
|''gin'' + imperfect/preterite indicative || present/preterite subjunctive
|}


===Coreferentiality===
===Coreferentiality===
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