Verse:Tdūrzů/Knench: Difference between revisions

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A copular clause with a pronominal direct object always uses the SIC: ''R'ižəs bə ðób u ð'oj.'' 'The man loves her.' In this case, the clause-initial subject pronoun + bə colloquially tends to be omitted in the present tense when the subject is 1st or 2nd person: ''Ðób tr ð'i nr?'' 'Do you love me?'

==== Passive and causative ====

~~''Kaht'' 'to take' is used as an auxiliary for the passive:~~

~~: ''Kawð i ð'ąnuj men kapwəs.''~~

~~: I was bored to death by the horse. (ąnuj = (literary) cause existential angst/torment; (slang) bore to death, influenced by French/English ''ennui'')~~

~~: (lit. I took the boredom from the horse)~~

''Ðett'' 'to give' is used as an auxiliary for the causative:

: ''Nawð i ðə pindóməs el kapwəs ąnuj.''

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: (lit. I gave the horse the farmer to inflict boredom)

In a ''ðett''-causative construction, the more animate object takes the dative preposition ''el''. This connects ditransitives which are causatives of transitives to the basic ditransitive verb 'give'.

''Kaht'' 'to take' is used as an auxiliary to raise the animate object of a ditransitive verb, unlike ''bur'' which is used to raise inanimate objects.

: ''Kawð i ðə lahil men kapwəs.''

: I was fed by the horse.

=== Balancing vs deranking conjunctions ===

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 A copular clause with a pronominal direct object always uses the SIC: ''R'ižəs bə ðób u ð'oj.'' 'The man loves her.' In this case, the clause-initial subject pronoun + bə colloquially tends to be omitted in the present tense when the subject is 1st or 2nd person: ''Ðób tr ð'i nr?'' 'Do you love me?'
 ==== Passive and causative ====
-''Kaht'' 'to take' is used as an auxiliary for the passive:
-: ''Kawð i ð'ąnuj men kapwəs.''
-: I was bored to death by the horse. (ąnuj = (literary) cause existential angst/torment; (slang) bore to death, influenced by French/English ''ennui'')
-: (lit. I took the boredom from the horse)
 ''Ðett'' 'to give' is used as an auxiliary for the causative:
 : ''Nawð i ðə pindóməs el kapwəs ąnuj.''
@@ Line 608: / Line 604: @@
 : (lit. I gave the horse the farmer to inflict boredom)
 In a ''ðett''-causative construction, the more animate object takes the dative preposition ''el''. This connects ditransitives which are causatives of transitives to the basic ditransitive verb 'give'.
+''Kaht'' 'to take' is used as an auxiliary to raise the animate object of a ditransitive verb, unlike ''bur'' which is used to raise inanimate objects.
+: ''Kawð i ðə lahil men kapwəs.''
+: I was fed by the horse.
 === Balancing vs deranking conjunctions ===