Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin: Difference between revisions

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Hebrew words often form plurals in unstressed ''-im'' /im/ or ''-ăs'' /əs/ but native Celtic words may use them too and not all Hebrew words use the Hebrew plural. Hebrew nouns beginning with ''m-'' are almost always loaned as masculine (to avoid mutation after the singular definite article); as an exception, משפּחה ''mișpóchă'' 'family' is feminine.

==== Article ====

~~Masculine~~ nouns when ''not'' accusative:

For masculine nouns when ''not'' accusative:

* Nouns beginning with a vowel take אנט ''ănd'': אנט אישק׳א ''ănd ișģă'' = the water

* before a labial (''p b f m v''), אם ''ăm'':

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** אן שמן ''ăn șemăn'' 'the oil'

~~Feminine~~ nouns when ''not'' accusative and masculine nouns when accusative:

For feminine nouns when ''not'' accusative and masculine nouns when accusative:

* Nouns beginning with a lenitable consonant (except ''s'', ''ș'', ''d'', ''z'', ''t'' and ''ț'') lenite, and the following rule is applied to the lenited form:

** א ''ă'' before historical liquids, and non-sibilant fricatives (/j/ doesn't count as a fricative): א מֿען ''ă mhen'' = the woman/wife, א ףֿר'עקארץ ''ă fhŗegărț'' = the answer

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Note: Historical feminine nouns beginning with s-/ș- (except s(stop)-/ș(stop)-) have all become t-/ț- words (except pluralia tantum and s-/d- words) following case loss in Proto-Ăn Yidiș: אן תּאַבין׳ ''ăn Taviņ'' 'Halloween' (from ''an tSamhain''). Newer words such as Hebrew loans are not subject to this.

~~Plural~~ nouns and feminine definite accusatives take נא ''nă'' and ''h-'' is added before a noun beginning with a vowel.

For plural non-accusative nouns and feminine definite accusatives take נא ''nă'' and ''h-'' is added before a noun beginning with a vowel.

*נא ציש ''nă țiș'' = the houses

*נא ל'אַאן ''nă łaăn'' = the days

@@ Line 556: / Line 556: @@
 Hebrew words often form plurals in unstressed ''-im'' /im/ or ''-ăs'' /əs/ but native Celtic words may use them too and not all Hebrew words use the Hebrew plural. Hebrew nouns beginning with ''m-'' are almost always loaned as masculine (to avoid mutation after the singular definite article); as an exception, משפּחה ''mișpóchă'' 'family' is feminine.
 ==== Article ====
-Masculine nouns when ''not'' accusative:
+For masculine nouns when ''not'' accusative:
 * Nouns beginning with a vowel take אנט ''ănd'': אנט אישק׳א ''ănd ișģă'' = the water
 * before a labial (''p b f m v''), אם ''ăm'':
@@ Line 585: / Line 585: @@
 ** אן שמן ''ăn șemăn'' 'the oil'
-Feminine nouns when ''not'' accusative and masculine nouns when accusative:
+For feminine nouns when ''not'' accusative and masculine nouns when accusative:
 * Nouns beginning with a lenitable consonant (except ''s'', ''ș'', ''d'', ''z'', ''t'' and ''ț'') lenite, and the following rule is applied to the lenited form:
 ** א ''ă'' before historical liquids, and non-sibilant fricatives (/j/ doesn't count as a fricative):  א מֿען ''ă mhen'' = the woman/wife, א ף&#1471;ר'עקארץ ''ă fhŗegărț'' = the answer
@@ Line 592: / Line 592: @@
 Note: Historical feminine nouns beginning with s-/ș- (except s(stop)-/ș(stop)-) have all become t-/ț- words (except pluralia tantum and s-/d- words) following case loss in Proto-Ăn Yidiș: אן תּאַבין&#1523; ''ăn Taviņ'' 'Halloween' (from ''an tSamhain''). Newer words such as Hebrew loans are not subject to this.
-Plural nouns and feminine definite accusatives take נא ''nă'' and ''h-'' is added before a noun beginning with a vowel.
+For plural non-accusative nouns and feminine definite accusatives take נא ''nă'' and ''h-'' is added before a noun beginning with a vowel.
 *נא ציש ''nă țiș'' = the houses
 *נא ל'אַאן ''nă łaăn'' = the days