Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin: Difference between revisions

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===Prepositions===

*ăģ/ăg 'at': gum, găd, ģe, c̦i, giņi, giv, cu

*ăģ/ăg 'at': gum, găd, ģe, c̦i, giņi, giv, că

** ăģ becomes ăg before a coronal.

*tăģ/tăg 'of': tam, tad, taģ, ~~tey~~, taņi, tav, ~~toł~~

*tăģ/tăg 'of': tam, tad, taģ, tec̦i, taņi, tav, tacă

** with similar conditioning to ăģ/ăg

*dă°, d' 'to, for': dum, did, do, di, diņi, div, du (d- is deleted after a coronal obstruent)

*ză°, z' 'off' (corresponding to ''ăr'' 'on'): zum, zid, ze, zi, ziņi, ziv, zu

*u h- 'from' (corresp. to ''ăģ'' 'at'): uam, uad, ua, uathi, uaņi, uav, ~~uathu~~

*u h- 'from' (corresp. to ''ăģ'' 'at'): uam, uad, ua, uathi, uaņi, uav, uathă

*in 'in': inum, inăd, ołn (spelled אָן), inți, iniņi, iniv, ~~intu~~

*in 'in': inum, inăd, ołn (spelled אָן), inți, iniņi, iniv, intă

** ''in'' has the allomorphs ''in, ind, im, i'' with the same rules as the definite article ''ăn'~~'; cf. Scottish Gaelic ''ann an'' 'in (before a noun without an article)', from *ann in 'in him, in~~': ''im mițvă, ind ișģă, i chalăg ...''

** ''in'' has the allomorphs ''in, ind, im, i'' with the same rules as the definite article ''ăn'': ''im mițvă, ind ișģă, i chalăg ...''

*ăr° 'on': ărum, ărăd, eŗ, eŗthi, ăriņi, ăriv, ~~orthu~~

*ăr° 'on': ărum, ărăd, eŗ, eŗthi, ăriņi, ăriv, orthă

*ăs 'out of' (corresponding to ''in'' 'in'): asum, asăd, as, ași, asiņi, asiv, ~~asu~~

*ăs 'out of' (corresponding to ''in'' 'in'): asum, asăd, as, ași, asiņi, asiv, asă

*ru° 'before, in front of': ruam, ruad, rev, rempi, ruņi, ruv, ~~rompu~~

*ru° 'before, in front of': ruam, ruad, rev, rempi, ruņi, ruv, rompă

*ŗi(n) 'with': ŗum, ŗed, ŗeș, ~~ŗey~~, ŗiņi, ŗiv, ŗu

*ŗi(n) 'with': ŗum, ŗed, ŗeș, ŗethi, ŗiņi, ŗiv, ŗethă

*lă h- 'with, by, for': lum, led, leș, ~~ley~~, liņi, liv, lu

*lă h- 'with, by, for': lum, led, leș, lethi, liņi, liv, lethă

*țimpum 'around' suppletes: umum, umăd, em, empi, umiņi, umiv, umpu

*fă° 'under, among': fum, fud, fi, fithi, fuņi, fuv, ~~fithu~~

*fă° 'under, among': fum, fud, fi, fithi, fuņi, fuv, fithă

*In some dialects, izăr 'between': edrum, edrăd, iziŗ, ~~izărthi~~, edriņi, edriv, ~~izărthu~~. In the standard language, izăr is most often a pseudo-preposition (i.e. a preposition that can't take pronominal suffixes); the plural forms ''edriņi, edriv, ~~izărthu~~'' are literary.

*In some dialects, izăr 'between': edrum, edrăd, iziŗ, iziŗthi, edriņi, edriv, izărthă. In the standard language, izăr is most often a pseudo-preposition (i.e. a preposition that can't take pronominal suffixes); the plural forms ''edriņi, edriv, izărthă'' are literary.

** the syntax for "between X and Y" in these dialects may be ''izăr X is izăr Y'' or ''izăr X lă Y'', influenced by Hebrew '' beyn X uveyn Y''/''beyn X le Y''

====Combinations====

@@ Line 916: / Line 916: @@
 ===Prepositions===
-*ăģ/ăg 'at': gum, găd, ģe, c&#x326;i, giņi, giv, cu
+*ăģ/ăg 'at': gum, găd, ģe, c&#x326;i, giņi, giv, că
 ** ăģ becomes ăg before a coronal.
-*tăģ/tăg 'of': tam, tad, taģ, tey, taņi, tav, toł
+*tăģ/tăg 'of': tam, tad, taģ, tec&#x326;i, taņi, tav, tacă
 ** with similar conditioning to ăģ/ăg
 *dă°, d' 'to, for': dum, did, do, di, diņi, div, du (d- is deleted after a coronal obstruent)
 *ză°, z' 'off' (corresponding to ''ăr'' 'on'): zum, zid, ze, zi, ziņi, ziv, zu
-*u h- 'from' (corresp. to ''ăģ'' 'at'): uam, uad, ua, uathi, uaņi, uav, uathu
+*u h- 'from' (corresp. to ''ăģ'' 'at'): uam, uad, ua, uathi, uaņi, uav, uathă
-*in 'in': inum, inăd, ołn (spelled אָן), inți, iniņi, iniv, intu
+*in 'in': inum, inăd, ołn (spelled אָן), inți, iniņi, iniv, intă
-** ''in'' has the allomorphs ''in, ind, im, i'' with the same rules as the definite article ''ăn''; cf. Scottish Gaelic ''ann an'' 'in (before a noun without an article)', from *ann in 'in him, in': ''im mițvă, ind ișģă, i chalăg ...''
+** ''in'' has the allomorphs ''in, ind, im, i'' with the same rules as the definite article ''ăn'': ''im mițvă, ind ișģă, i chalăg ...''
-*ăr° 'on': ărum, ărăd, eŗ, eŗthi, ăriņi, ăriv, orthu
+*ăr° 'on': ărum, ărăd, eŗ, eŗthi, ăriņi, ăriv, orthă
-*ăs 'out of' (corresponding to ''in'' 'in'): asum, asăd, as, ași, asiņi, asiv, asu
+*ăs 'out of' (corresponding to ''in'' 'in'): asum, asăd, as, ași, asiņi, asiv, asă
-*ru° 'before, in front of': ruam, ruad, rev, rempi, ruņi, ruv, rompu
+*ru° 'before, in front of': ruam, ruad, rev, rempi, ruņi, ruv, rompă
-*ŗi(n) 'with': ŗum, ŗed, ŗeș, ŗey, ŗiņi, ŗiv, ŗu
+*ŗi(n) 'with': ŗum, ŗed, ŗeș, ŗethi, ŗiņi, ŗiv, ŗethă
-*lă h- 'with, by, for': lum, led, leș, ley, liņi, liv, lu
+*lă h- 'with, by, for': lum, led, leș, lethi, liņi, liv, lethă
 *țimpum 'around' suppletes: umum, umăd, em, empi, umiņi, umiv, umpu
-*fă° 'under, among': fum, fud, fi, fithi, fuņi, fuv, fithu
+*fă° 'under, among': fum, fud, fi, fithi, fuņi, fuv, fithă
-*In some dialects, izăr 'between': edrum, edrăd, iziŗ, izărthi, edriņi, edriv, izărthu. In the standard language, izăr is most often a pseudo-preposition (i.e. a preposition that can't take pronominal suffixes); the plural forms ''edriņi, edriv, izărthu'' are literary.
+*In some dialects, izăr 'between': edrum, edrăd, iziŗ, iziŗthi, edriņi, edriv, izărthă. In the standard language, izăr is most often a pseudo-preposition (i.e. a preposition that can't take pronominal suffixes); the plural forms ''edriņi, edriv, izărthă'' are literary.
 ** the syntax for "between X and Y" in these dialects may be ''izăr X is izăr Y'' or ''izăr X lă Y'', influenced by Hebrew '' beyn X uveyn Y''/''beyn X le Y''
 ====Combinations====