Verse:Irta/Hebrew: Difference between revisions

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Grammatically, it is SVO like our Israeli Hebrew, but sometimes prefers Ăn Yidiș syntax, e.g.

* much more willing to use ~~איני, אינך, ...~~for negation in present tense (אין הוא, אין היא in 3rd person); in our IH these forms are formal/written (bc Gaelic negation comes before subject pronouns). לא אני... ''Lo ăni'' is a focus construction 'It's not me that...', and אין אני ''eyn ăni'' in non 3rd person are solemn.

* much more willing to use אין for negation in the present tense; (איני, אינך in non-3rd person, אין הוא, אין היא in 3rd person); in our IH these forms are formal/written (bc Gaelic negation comes before subject pronouns). לא אני... ''Lo ăni'' is a focus construction 'It's not me that...', and אין אני ''eyn ăni'' in non 3rd person are solemn.

* Irish/Ăn Yidiș calques in some common expressions

** The following are used instead of בבקשה ''bevakasha'':

*** עם רצונך ''im ~~retzonxa~~'' (lit. 'with your will', a calque of ''lă dă-thel'') 'please'

*** עם רצונך ''im rătzonxa'' (lit. 'with your will', a calque of ''lă dă-thel'') 'please'

*** זה חייך ''ze xayéxa'' (lit. 'it's your life', like ''șe dă-bhethă'') 'you're welcome'

*** זה לך ''ze lăxa'' (lit. 'this is to you', like ''șa did'') 'here you go'

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** אפשר איתי ''efšar iti'' 'I can' (''efșăr lum'')

** You might hear ''yeš li [LANGUAGE]'' for 'I speak [LANGUAGE]':

*** A: ''~~Šalom~~, ~~ha-~~yeš lăxa ~~Azalis~~?'' '~~Hello~~, do you speak English?'

*** A: ''Slixa, him yeš lăxa Ozolis?'' 'Excuse me, do you speak English?'

*** B: ''Yeš./Eyn.'' 'I do./I do not.'

* Question particles (''ha2im'', ''ha-'' in more formal contexts) are usually retained. Questions don't have a different intonation from declarative sentences~~; they both have falling intonation~~. Question marks are not usually used.

* Question particles (''ha2im'' pronounced ''him'', ''ha-'' in more formal contexts) are usually retained. Questions don't have a different intonation from declarative sentences. Question marks are not usually used.

* It also prefers some coincidentally Gaelic-sounding words, e.g. אַךְ ''ach'' 'but' and שָׂשׂ ''sas'' 'happy' (sounding like Judeo-Gaelic ''ach'' 'but' and ''sostă'' 'satisfied') instead of the synonyms אֲבָל ''aval'' and שָׂמֵחַ ''sameax''. כה ''ko'' is as common as כל כך ''kul káx'' for 'so (ADJ)'.

* Tenses are similar to our Modern Hebrew tenses but the ''haya okhel'' construction is more cpmmon.

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 Grammatically, it is SVO like our Israeli Hebrew, but sometimes prefers Ăn Yidiș syntax, e.g.
-* much more willing to use איני, אינך, ...for negation in present tense (אין הוא, אין היא in 3rd person); in our IH these forms are formal/written (bc Gaelic negation comes before subject pronouns). לא אני... ''Lo ăni'' is a focus construction 'It's not me that...', and אין אני ''eyn ăni'' in non  3rd person are solemn.
+* much more willing to use אין for negation in the present tense; (איני, אינך in non-3rd person, אין הוא, אין היא in 3rd person); in our IH these forms are formal/written (bc Gaelic negation comes before subject pronouns). לא אני... ''Lo ăni'' is a focus construction 'It's not me that...', and אין אני ''eyn ăni'' in non  3rd person are solemn.
 * Irish/Ăn Yidiș calques in some common expressions
 ** The following are used instead of בבקשה ''bevakasha'':
-*** עם רצונך ''im retzonxa'' (lit. 'with your will', a calque of ''lă dă-thel'') 'please'
+*** עם רצונך ''im rătzonxa'' (lit. 'with your will', a calque of ''lă dă-thel'') 'please'
 *** זה חייך ''ze xayéxa'' (lit. 'it's your life', like ''șe dă-bhethă'') 'you're welcome'
 *** זה לך ''ze lăxa'' (lit. 'this is to you', like ''șa did'') 'here you go'
@@ Line 28: / Line 28: @@
 ** אפשר איתי ''efšar iti'' 'I can' (''efșăr lum'')
 ** You might hear ''yeš li [LANGUAGE]'' for 'I speak [LANGUAGE]':
-*** A: ''Šalom, ha-yeš lăxa Azalis?'' 'Hello, do you speak English?'
+*** A: ''Slixa, him yeš lăxa Ozolis?'' 'Excuse me, do you speak English?'
 *** B: ''Yeš./Eyn.'' 'I do./I do not.'
-* Question particles (''ha2im'', ''ha-'' in more formal contexts) are usually retained. Questions don't have a different intonation from declarative sentences; they both have falling intonation. Question marks are not usually used.
+* Question particles (''ha2im'' pronounced ''him'', ''ha-'' in more formal contexts) are usually retained. Questions don't have a different intonation from declarative sentences. Question marks are not usually used.
 * It also prefers some coincidentally Gaelic-sounding words, e.g. אַךְ ''ach'' 'but' and שָׂשׂ ''sas'' 'happy' (sounding like Judeo-Gaelic ''ach'' 'but' and ''sostă'' 'satisfied') instead of the synonyms אֲבָל ''aval'' and שָׂמֵחַ ''sameax''. כה ''ko'' is as common as כל כך ''kul káx'' for 'so (ADJ)'.
 * Tenses are similar to our Modern Hebrew tenses but the ''haya okhel'' construction is more cpmmon.