Verse:Mwtqwlqwj/Qwbmwdqwg: Difference between revisions

|name = Mallorcan Arabic

|states = Mallorca

'''Mallorcan Arabic''' is an Irish-influenced historical Arabic variety spoken in the [[Verse:Irta|Irta]] timeline's Mallorca (natively ''el-Mijòr'', from Latin ''(insula) majoris'' 'bigger island'), an independent country where it's an official language alongside English. In Irta it's called Majorcan. It may also be called ''teangatna'' [ˈt̪ʰæ̃ːʔʶʌtʶʰnʶʌ] 'our language'.  Its speakers are predominantly Catholic and almost always also speak English. Modern Standard Latin and Irish are also widely understood in Mallorca.

In Irta, Mallorca was ruled by Muslim Arabs (8th c. - 11th c.), then by the Irish (11th c. - 16th c.), then the Azalic English (16th c. - 20th c.). Mallorca gained independence from the Azalic English in 1940.

The Irish vocabulary in Mallorcan Arabic reflects a fictional Middle Irish dialect which shows features of modern Munster Irish (such as weight-sensitivity and stressed -ach and -acht); it's conservative in that broad dh (> CorA Z) is kept distinct from broad gh (> CorA Γ).

Mallorca in Irta briefly occupied Cambodia and parts of Thailand as well as parts of North America (e.g. Kansas and Oklahoma)

The first surviving text in Mallorcan Arabic is dated to 1515.

Mallorcan Arabic evolved from Sardino-Arabic, a fictional vernacular Arabic variety similar to our old Maghrebi Arabic which had the following features:

Mallorcan Arabic during or immediately after the period of Irish rule was markedly more grammatically conservative and more Irish-like than modern Mallorcan Arabic. Today's Mallorcan Arabic shows more English grammatical influence; for example it mainly uses the genitive preposition ''GaWW'' for possessive constructions, whereas older texts prefer a head-marked construction which requires the possessum to be in the construct state or take a possessive suffix.

Some Irish vocabulary in Mallorcan Arabic (especially when created after the 17th century) are actually Mallorcan coinages.

One Englishism: ''mā́nduhš Gī́jə xuG'' = 'he doesn't have a prayer for...' (This and "sad" comes from a Mallorcanism in Irta English which shows up in Pacific English and a few British dialects but not in Quelftonian English)

** Bejda (''Bejz{{cll}}a'') is an Irta Mallorcan town

Mallorcan Arabic has an almost complete set of emphatic-nonemphatic pairs, formed from both native emphatic consonants (Classical Arabic T D S Z q became D Z S Z G) and the contrast between broad (velarized) and slender (palatalized) consonants in borrowed Irish vocabulary. (Some of the labial pairs probably have low functional load, though.) Irish broad and slender consonants are borrowed as emphatic and nonemphatic consonants, respectively (unless possibly after a stressed syllable, where they're subject to emphasis/nonemphasis spreading). The phonetic transcription of Mallorcan Arabic used in this article represents emphatic consonants with capitalized letters.

|+Consonant phonemes in Mallorcan Arabic

''G'' in contemporary urban Mallorcan Arabic is turning into [ʔʶ] (cf. Maltese and Egyptian Arabic /ʔ/ for older Arabic ''q''), even affecting Irish loans: ''taNGə'' 'language' and ''Gī́jə'' 'prayer' (from Irish ''guidhe'') are pronounced [ˈt̪ʰænʶʔʶʌ] and [ˈʔʶɪ{{ret}}jjə] by the majority of younger speakers. This is often attributed to immigration from other parts of Irta's Arab world bringing the glottal stop realization for Arabic ''q''.

Mallorcan Arabic is usually analyzed as having 6 short monophthongs, 6 long monophthongs, and 4 diphthongs (not counting vowel + semivowel sequences).

Like many orthographies used in Irta, Mallorcan Arabic orthography is based on the principles of etymological spelling and enabling many-to-one reading, with the latter taking precedence.

In post-independence Mallorcan Arabic, ''el{{cll}}-guiḋe g{{cll}}av{{cll}}v{{cll}}i'' (''əL-Gī́jə GáWWi'') is more common