Verse:Mwtqwlqwj/Qwbmwdqwg: Difference between revisions

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passive binyanim are lost; maSdars serve the same grammatical roles as Irish verbnouns; the present progressive is formed by using ''f'' + verbal noun.

~~Gzarot split based on emphatic/nonemphatic, then simplification~~

negative ''mè ... s'' sticks to the first (focused) constituent; the unmarked construction is ''mè radṁaiġ hw s'' 'he did not admit' for pronoun subjects, but ''mè radṁaiġ s Sèmas{{cll}}'' 'Séamus did not admit' for noun subjects. However, the ''MəRáDWiš'' form is used for answering questions.

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For prefix + native verbs, native conjugation works as normal and preverbs and personal prefixes are added before the prefix, e.g. ''raṫ{{sīn}}emme, jaṫ{{sīn}}emmi, maṫ{{sīn}}emmi, aṫti{{sīn}}mìje'' 'to rename'.

==== Inherited 3-consonant verbs ====

===== Stem I (cetib) =====

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==== Irish first-conjucation verbs ====

{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;"

|+ Irish loan verb conjugation: ''dif{{cda}}reagair'' 'he answered, responded (synonym of ''rivègib'')'

! style="width: 75px; "| → Person<br/>↓ Tense

! style="width: 75px; " | 1sg

! style="width: 75px; " | 2sg

! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg.m

! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg.f

! style="width: 75px; " | 1pl

! style="width: 75px; " | 2pl

! style="width: 75px; " | 3pl

|-

! past; conditional

| ''dif{{cda}}reagairtin''

| ''dif{{cda}}reagairrint''

| ''dif{{cda}}reagair hw''

| ''dif{{cda}}reagrat{{cll}} hi''

| ''dif{{cda}}reagairne''

| ''dif{{cda}}reagairtwm''

| ''dif{{cda}}reagru hwm''

|-

! future

| ''nf{{cda}}reagair''

| ''tf{{cda}}reagair''

| ''jf{{cda}}reagair hw''

| ''tf{{cda}}reagair hi''

| ''nf{{cda}}reagru''

| ''tf{{cda}}reagru''

| ''jf{{cda}}reagru hwm''

|-

! imperative

| ''-''

| ''f{{cda}}reagair!''

| ''-''

| ''f{{cda}}reagru!''

| ''-''

|-

! passive participle

|colspan=7| ''f{{cda}}reagairt{{cda}}e''

|-

! verbal noun

|colspan=7| ''f{{cda}}reagairt''

|}

==== Irish ''-aigh'' verbs ====

Loan verb paradigm based on loaned Irish -aigh verbs (partly fitted to native 3-y verbs, hence the stress shifts and possibly vowel reduction and addition of the R- to past forms from Irish ro and d-/D- if the 1st consonant in the stem is a r/R)

Line 1,035:

Line 1,079:

|}

==== The verb ''g{{cll}}àl'' ====

exhibits suppletion with ''~~seahid~~'' < *šahid 'to bear witness' (inspired by għid ~ qal in Maltese, għid doesn't mean 'to beat witness' in Arabic)

exhibits suppletion with ''*sèd'' < *šahid 'to bear witness' (inspired by għid ~ qal in Maltese, għid doesn't mean 'to beat witness' in Arabic)

sèdtin, sèddint, g{{cll}}àl, g{{cll}}àlt, sèdne, sèdtwm, g{{cll}}àlw

==== The verb ''cèn'' ====

The verb ''cèn, jcẁn, (no passive part.), cevn/cjèn'' (from Arabic ''kāna'') is a regular hollow 2-w verb. Unlike in Irish, ''cèn'' covers the senses of both Irish ''is'' and Irish ''bí''.

@@ Line 447: / Line 447: @@
 passive binyanim are lost; maSdars serve the same grammatical roles as Irish verbnouns; the present progressive is formed by using ''f'' + verbal noun.
-Gzarot split based on emphatic/nonemphatic, then simplification
 negative ''mè ... s'' sticks to the first (focused) constituent; the unmarked construction is ''mè radṁaiġ hw s'' 'he did not admit' for pronoun subjects, but ''mè radṁaiġ s Sèmas{{cll}}'' 'Séamus did not admit' for noun subjects. However, the ''MəRáDWiš'' form is used for answering questions.
@@ Line 464: / Line 462: @@
 For prefix + native verbs, native conjugation works as normal and preverbs and personal prefixes are added before the prefix, e.g. ''raṫ{{sīn}}emme, jaṫ{{sīn}}emmi, maṫ{{sīn}}emmi, aṫti{{sīn}}mìje'' 'to rename'.
 ==== Inherited 3-consonant verbs ====
 ===== Stem I (cetib) =====
@@ Line 892: / Line 892: @@
 ==== Irish first-conjucation verbs ====
+{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;"
+|+ Irish loan verb conjugation: ''dif{{cda}}reagair'' 'he answered, responded (synonym of ''rivègib'')'
+! style="width: 75px; "| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
+! style="width: 75px; " | 1sg
+! style="width: 75px; " | 2sg
+! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg.m
+! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg.f
+! style="width: 75px; " | 1pl
+! style="width: 75px; " | 2pl
+! style="width: 75px; " | 3pl
+|-
+! past; conditional
+| ''dif{{cda}}reagairtin''
+| ''dif{{cda}}reagairrint''
+| ''dif{{cda}}reagair hw''
+| ''dif{{cda}}reagrat{{cll}} hi''
+| ''dif{{cda}}reagairne''
+| ''dif{{cda}}reagairtwm''
+| ''dif{{cda}}reagru hwm''
+|-
+! future
+| ''nf{{cda}}reagair''
+| ''tf{{cda}}reagair''
+| ''jf{{cda}}reagair hw''
+| ''tf{{cda}}reagair hi''
+| ''nf{{cda}}reagru''
+| ''tf{{cda}}reagru''
+| ''jf{{cda}}reagru hwm''
+|-
+! imperative
+| ''-''
+| ''f{{cda}}reagair!''
+| ''-''
+| ''-''
+| ''-''
+| ''f{{cda}}reagru!''
+| ''-''
+|-
+! passive participle
+|colspan=7| ''f{{cda}}reagairt{{cda}}e''
+|-
+! verbal noun
+|colspan=7| ''f{{cda}}reagairt''
+|}
 ==== Irish ''-aigh'' verbs ====
 Loan verb paradigm based on loaned Irish -aigh verbs (partly fitted to native 3-y verbs, hence the stress shifts and possibly vowel reduction and addition of the R- to past forms from Irish ro and d-/D- if the 1st consonant in the stem is a r/R)
@@ Line 1,035: / Line 1,079: @@
 |}
 ==== The verb ''g{{cll}}àl'' ====
-exhibits suppletion with ''seahid'' < *šahid 'to bear witness' (inspired by għid ~ qal in Maltese, għid doesn't mean 'to beat witness' in Arabic)
+exhibits suppletion with ''*sèd'' < *šahid 'to bear witness' (inspired by għid ~ qal in Maltese, għid doesn't mean 'to beat witness' in Arabic)
+sèdtin, sèddint, g{{cll}}àl, g{{cll}}àlt, sèdne, sèdtwm, g{{cll}}àlw
 ==== The verb ''cèn'' ====
 The verb ''cèn, jcẁn, (no passive part.), cevn/cjèn'' (from Arabic ''kāna'') is a regular hollow 2-w verb. Unlike in Irish, ''cèn'' covers the senses of both Irish ''is'' and Irish ''bí''.