Verse:Mwail/Old Gloob: Difference between revisions
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[[Themsarian/Themsarian|Themsárimai: '''Gávthār themsárimār | [[Themsarian/Themsarian|Themsárimai: '''Gávthār themsárimār''']] | ||
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Themsarian is my first constructed language, for my conworld of Hheergrem. It is intended to be a head-initial, head-marking language with a plausible development from an erstwhile dependent-/double-marking language. The grammar and syntax has been heavily influenced by Semitic and Celtic languages, with some drawing from Japanese, German and other languages, while the aesthetics draws on Latin, Germanic, Greek, Celtic and Finnish, with hints of Khmer and [[w:Gyeongsang dialect|Gyeongsang Korean]]. The morphology is an experiment with grammatical non-concatenative morphology: as Celtic grammaticalizes initial consonant mutations, and Semitic vowel patterns, Themsarian does so with tone patterns. The grammar is also an experiment on using inflections and agreement to show grammatical relations without case, hence the use of switch-reference on verbs and borderline polysynthesis. So I guess it ends up a tad more like some Native American languages. Other purposes of my language include mixing in un-English verb syntax, such as the use of optatives in subordinate clauses, and using principally non-finite subordinate clauses in the indicative. Themsarian morphology also inflects according to a gender system including honorifics, and four numbers (singulative, collective, dual and plurative). | |||
==todo== | ==todo== | ||
*How to implement coreferentiality minimizing ambiguity? | *How to implement coreferentiality minimizing ambiguity? | ||
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The '''Themsarian''' (/θɛmˈsɑɹiən/) '''language''' (Themsarian: ''gávthār themsárimār'' [gáʊ̯fθàːr θè̞msárimàːr] "the Themsarian throat") was traditionally classified into an [[Talsmic languages|isolated subbranch]] of the [[Zachydic languages|Zachydic]] language family, along with other para-Themsarian languages which are/were natively spoken in the peninsula of Tálsym in the northwestern part of the Pattiya subcontinent. (Since then, Talsmic's [[Raxo-Talsmic languages|close ties]] to Ractamic languages, such as [[Raxic]], has gained widespread recognition.) The language remains clearly Zachydic (It is often said that Themsarian uses the same affixes as Raxic with different meanings); however, due to its long period of isolation and substrate influence (the substrate is sometimes speculated to have been a head-initial polysynthetic language), Themsarian was a typological and lexical outlier in the larger Zachydic family, within which it was distinguished by its heavily head-marking inflection in both clauses and possessive NPs as well as its strongly head-initial syntax. The name of the Themsarian language comes from the Themsár region, from whose dialect arose the prestige language of the peninsula. This elevated register/lect existed in a state of diglossia with the vernacular "dialects", diverse and often mutually unintelligible but still quite similar at this time. Noble Themsarian was used as a living language by the ruling class for a period spanning 600 years until its demise in the year ca. 220 v.c., and was continued to be used as an important literary, academic and religious language on the peninsula and surrounding mainland areas. | The '''Themsarian''' (/θɛmˈsɑɹiən/) '''language''' (Themsarian: ''gávthār themsárimār'' [gáʊ̯fθàːr θè̞msárimàːr] "the Themsarian throat") was traditionally classified into an [[Talsmic languages|isolated subbranch]] of the [[Zachydic languages|Zachydic]] language family, along with other para-Themsarian languages which are/were natively spoken in the peninsula of Tálsym in the northwestern part of the Pattiya subcontinent. (Since then, Talsmic's [[Raxo-Talsmic languages|close ties]] to Ractamic languages, such as [[Raxic]], has gained widespread recognition.) The language remains clearly Zachydic (It is often said that Themsarian uses the same affixes as Raxic with different meanings); however, due to its long period of isolation and substrate influence (the substrate is sometimes speculated to have been a head-initial polysynthetic language), Themsarian was a typological and lexical outlier in the larger Zachydic family, within which it was distinguished by its heavily head-marking inflection in both clauses and possessive NPs as well as its strongly head-initial syntax. The name of the Themsarian language comes from the Themsár region, from whose dialect arose the prestige language of the peninsula. This elevated register/lect existed in a state of diglossia with the vernacular "dialects", diverse and often mutually unintelligible but still quite similar at this time. Noble Themsarian was used as a living language by the ruling class for a period spanning 600 years until its demise in the year ca. 220 v.c., and was continued to be used as an important literary, academic and religious language on the peninsula and surrounding mainland areas. | ||
In keeping with the greater Talsmic and Zachydic milieu Themsarian employs a mixed fusional and agglutinative inflectional morphology, notably doing so by using a combination of tone changes and affixes. | In keeping with the greater Talsmic and Zachydic milieu Themsarian employs a mixed fusional and agglutinative inflectional morphology, notably doing so by using a combination of tone changes and affixes. It also shares with greater Zachydic the use of a 3-gender system and a number system based on a generic-specific opposition. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||