Proto-Ravenish

Old Ravenish
𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉̄𐌽
Pronunciation	[θiu̯.ðiʃ.koːn]
Created by	wfozøra
Language family	Indo-European Germanic Old Ravenish
Writing system	Latin

Old Ravenish (autoglossonym: þiudiskōn; Ravenish: [θiu̯.ðiʃ.koːn]) is a Germanic language.

Introduction

Goals

• Fun
• Learn more Germanic

Inspiration

• Proto-Germanic
• My love for old Germanic languages

Etymology

The language name derives from the same source as German Deutsch, þiudiskaz. The English name is in reference to a cultural aspect of the people, their unusually large reverence for Ravens, they place an oddly high importance on Ravens even for a Germanic tribe.

Phonology

Orthography

Orthography

IPA	Gothic		romaniz.
/a, aː, aːː/	𐌰, 𐌰̄, 𐌰̱		a, ā, â
/v/	𐌱		b
/ʁ/	𐌲		g
/ð/	𐌳		d
/e, eː, eːː/	𐌴, 𐌴̄, 𐌴̱		e, ē, ê
/kʷ/	𐌵		q
/z, ʒ/	𐌶		z
/χ/	𐌷		h
/θ/	𐌸		þ
/i, iː/	𐌹, 𐌹̄		i, ī
/k/	𐌺		k
/l/	𐌻		l
/l̥/	𐌷𐌻		hl
/m/	𐌼		m
/n/	𐌽		n
/j/	𐌾		j
/u/	𐌿, 𐌿̄		u, ū
/p/	𐍀		p
/(æ), æː, æːː/	(𐍁) 𐍁̄ 𐍁̱		(ä) æ, ǣ
/r/	𐍂		r
/r̥/	𐌷𐍂		hr
/s/	𐍃		s
/t/	𐍄		t
/w/	𐍅		w
/f/	𐍆		f
/χʷ/	𐍈		ƕ/hw
/(o), oː, oːː/	(𐍉), 𐍉̄, 𐍉̱		(o), ō, ô

Consonants

Consonants have remained relatively close to Proto-Germanic, except for the few stops that had fricative allophones, these shifted fully to fricatives, the opposite of all other Germanic langs, the Velar fricatives also shifted to Uvular.

Consonant phonemes

	Labial		Dental		alveolar		post- alveolar		palatal		Velar		Uvular
Nasal		m				n						(ŋ)¹, ŋʷ²
Stop	p				t						k, kʷ
Fricative	f	v	θ	ð	s	z	(ʃ)³	(ʒ)⁴					χ, χʷ	ʁ, ʁʷ
Approximant		w			l̥	l				j
Trill					r̥	r								ʀ

1. allophone of /n/ before /k/
2. allophone of /n/ before /kʷ/
3. allophone of /s/ before velars and at word ends
4. allophone of /z/ before velars and at word ends

Vowels

Vowel phonemes

	Front						Back
	short		long		overlong		short		long		overlong
Close	i		iː				u		uː
mid	e		eː		eːː				oː		oːː
Open			æː		æːː		ɑ		ɑː		ɑːː

Diphthongs

	Front		Back
Closing	ai̯	ai̯ː	ou̯	ou̯ː

Prosody

Stress

Stress, like in PG, still lies solely on the first syllable unless prefixed, where stress moves with the root word.

Morphology

Pronouns

Needs lots of updating, base was taken from the table at Avendonian

𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍉̄𐌽 personal pronouns

			Nominative	Accusative	Genitive	Dative
first person	singular		𐌹𐌺	𐌼𐌹𐌺	𐌼𐌹̄𐌽𐌰𐌶	𐌼𐌹𐌶
	dual		[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
	plural		[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
second person	singular		[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
	dual		[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
	plural		[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
third person	singular	masculine	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
		feminine	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
		neuter	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
	plural	masculine	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
		feminine	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
		neuter	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]
reflexive			[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]	[Term?]

Syntax

Constituent order

The word order is mostly free, the base order is SOV, but this is subject to change when importance needs to be stressed on one word.

Example texts

𐍈𐌰𐍄! 𐍅𐌹𐌶 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌶𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌽𐌾𐍉̱𐌽 𐌹𐌽 𐌾𐌴̄𐍂𐍉̱𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌶 𐌸𐌴𐌿𐌳𐍉̄𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌹𐌽𐌲𐍉̱𐌽 𐌸𐍂𐌿𐌼𐌾𐌰𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐍂𐌴̄𐌲𐌿𐌽, 𐍈𐍉̄ 𐌸𐍉̄ 𐌰𐌸𐌿𐌻𐌹𐌽𐌲𐌰̄𐌶 𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽𐍉̄ 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌳𐌴̄𐌳𐌿𐌽. (ƕat! wiz gaizadanjôn in jērôndagamaz þeudōkuningôn þrumjan gafrēgun, ƕō þō aþulingāz aljanō framidēdun.) /χʷɑt wiʒ ʁɑi̯.zɑ.ðɑn.joːːn in jeː.roːːn.ðɑ.ʁɑ.mɑʒ θeu̯.ðoː.ku.nin.ʁoːːn θrum.jɑn ʁɑ.freː.ʁun χʷoː θoː ɑ.θu.lin.ʁɑːʒ ɑl.jɑ.noː frɑ.mi.ðeː.ðun/