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Lefso (view source)

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Foreji comprises all introduced loanwords that don’t fall into the prior two categories.  
Foreji comprises all introduced loanwords that don’t fall into the prior two categories.  


===Consonants===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 884px; text-align:center;"
!  style="width: 68px; "|
!  style="width: 68px; "|Bilabial
!  style="width: 68px; "|Labio-dental
!  style="width: 68px; "|Dental
!  style="width: 68px; "|Alveolar
!  style="width: 68px; "|Post-alveolar
!  style="width: 68px; "|Retroflex
!  style="width: 68px; "|Alveolo-palatal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Palatal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Velar
!  style="width: 68px; "|Uvular
!  style="width: 68px; "|Glottal
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Nasal
| m
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| n
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! style="text-align: center; "|Plosive
| (p), (b)
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| (t), (d)
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| (k), (g)
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| (ʔ)
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! style="text-align: center; "|Affricate
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| (t͡s), (d͡z)
| (d͡ʒ)
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| (t͡ɕ), (d͡ʑ)
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! style="text-align: center; "|Fricative
| (ɸ)
| (f)
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| (s), (z)
| (ʃ), (ʒ)
| (ʐ)
| (ʑ)
| (ç)
| (x), (ɣ)
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! style="text-align: center; "|Palatal app.
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| (j)
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! style="text-align: center; "|Central app.
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| (ɹ)*
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! style="text-align: center; "|Lateral app.
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| (l), (ɫ)
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! style="text-align: center; "|Trill
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| (r)
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! style="text-align: center; "|Flap or tap
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| ɾ
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#*conventionally transcribed as r
#** Usually only seen bound with vowels.
Various regions recognize different phonemes as consonants, the most common consensus being at least 15 consonants /m n p b k g ɸ z f s ɹ w dz x l /, these consonants are called golden consonants (Kinoji).
====Voice onset time====
Plosive aspiration of the consonants /p b d t/ can vary upon placement. For front-placed plosives of /p b d t/, these consonants remain tenuis unless marked otherwise via lenition, in which they turn aspirated. Aspiration also occurs for non-front-positioned /p b d t/ letters unless otherwise marked with stress. Lenition and Stress are both marked with bowls.
The /g/ plosive is almost exclusively aspirated unless marked otherwise via stress, in which it turns tenuis.
====Lenition and Stress====
Lenition and Stress are always marked with the usage of bowls. However, native patterns commonly emerge within Lefso. When the term “Stress” is referred to in Modernized Lefso, it’s a Stress Bowl modifier for a character, which can alter depending on emphatic inflection and character modification. Aspirated Plosives become tenuis, the /y/ component in a soft vowel is shortened and lowered in volume, and vowels are raised in volume and sometimes length–affecting /ɨ/ exclusively.
If a /kh/ has lenition applied during emphatic inflections, it becomes a uvular fricative; with voice depending on placement. Initial and Non-initial with a consonant succeeding component become voiceless, and Non-initial components with a vowel as a succeeding component become voiced, with a /r/ trill being used if placed succeeding said succeeding vowel component.
An initial or ending /f/ with stress during emphatic inflection may become a /ɸ/, however, for fast dialogue, it’s often ignored; with the /f/is inflected as a /ȹ/–the voiceless labiodental plosive–a sound not recognized by the International Phonetic Alphabet, but occasionally seen in Bantu languages, within Modernized Lefso, there is only one word that uses this character–(fu), transcribed as /ȹɯ̌ˑ/ ‘jet’ or ‘strong stream’, which differentiates from /fɯ̌ˑ/–the pronunciation for (不).
Lenition of an end-positioned /g/ during emphatic inflection may become a /ɣ/.
====Allophony====
Allophony describes how a single sound may be pronounced differently depending on placement and surrounding components of a word.
#Plosives, especially /b/, /t/, and /d/; are weakened and more aspirated if placed toward the end of a word. However, stress in unchanged if present within a consonant cluster.
Sonorants may be partially devoiced if a voiceless consonant is present in the same syllable, often within a pitch-lowered segment of a word.
#Alveolars are commonly retracted before /ɹ/.
#The velar stops /k/ and /g/ advance further within the mouth before front vowels.
#The voiceless billabial fricative /ɸ/ is more stressed if paired with an /u/ at the back of a word.
#A voiceless /sh/ and /s/ may be partially voiced if succeeding a /e/ at the end of a word.
#Sonorants are devoiced if the plosives /p b t/ precede.
====Unstressed Syllables====
Unstressed syllables can have a nucleus of any vowel present, However, Generally, certain vowel nuclei are used for unstressed vowels, such as:
#[u], commonly perceived with a lowered tone when within an unstressed syllable. An example being bufofo.
#An r-colored /a e i o u/ nucleus, these tend to be elongated and placed at the end of a word.
#[ɨ], commonly perceived with a rising tone when within an unstressed syllable.
#[ɯ̟], commonly seen with a preceding non-plosive consonants in syllables upfront.
Placement of syllables and pace of voice may effect the stress of syllables. A notable example being the voicing of /sh/ when placed at the end of a word (zh).
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 884px; text-align:center;"
|+ Caption text
|-
! IPA Symbol !! Mouth !! Location !! Lips !! Formant 1 !! Formant 2 !! Formant 2 - Formant 1 !! Vowel Origin
|-
| a || Near-Open ||  Front || Unrounded ||  265 Hz  || 920 Hz ||  Example || Example
|-
| ɛ || Open-Mid || Front || || Unrounded || 710 Hz || 2,690 Hz || Example
|-
| e || Close-Mid ||  Front|| || Unrounded || 590 Hz || 2,690 Hz || Example
|-
| o || Close-Mid || Back || || Rounded || 865 Hz || 2,820 Hz || Example
|-
| ɪ || Near-Close ||  || Unrounded || 290 Hz || 2,370 Hz || Example
|-
| i || Close ||  || Front || Unrounded || 350 Hz ||  2,760 Hz || Example
|-
| u || Close || || Back || Rounded || 265 Hz  || 540 Hz || Example
|-
| ɨ || Close || || Mid || Unrounded || 340 Hz || 1,300 Hz || Example
|-
| ɯ̟ || Close || || Near-Back || Unrounded ||  340 Hz || 1,410 Hz || Example
|}


===Orthography===
===Orthography===
===Consonants===
 


===Vowels===
===Vowels===
Micor558
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