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'''Nga''' /ŋɑ/ is an artistic personal language of [[User:Suqi|Suqi]] that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items.  
'''Nga''' [ŋɑ], also splled as '''Ŋa''', is an artistic personal language of [[User:Suqi|Suqi]] that is heavily based around the compounding of monosyllabic root words to make new lexical items.  


== Phonology ==
== Phonology ==
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=== Vowel Harmony ===
=== Vowel Harmony ===
Nga has regressive fronting harmony. Harmony spreads across entire words. Front vowels include /i y e ø ɔ ɑ yi̯ ei̯ øi̯ ɔi̯ ai̯/ and back vowels include /i u ɤ o ɔ ɑ ui̯ ɤi̯ oi̯ ɔi̯ ai̯/. There are two transparent vowels: /ɑ ai̯/, and three vowels that are transparent in medial and final syllables, but trigger harmony when in an initial syllable: /i ɔ ɔi̯/.
Nga has regressive fronting harmony. Harmony spreads across entire words. Front vowels include /y e ø yi̯ ei̯ øi̯ øy̯ ue̯/ and back vowels include /u ɜ o ui̯ ɤi̯ oi̯ ou̯ uɜ̯/. There are two neutral vowels: /ɑ ai̯/, and three vowels that are transparent in medial and final syllables, but trigger harmony when in an initial syllable: /i/ (triggers front harmony) and /ɔ ɔi̯/ (trigger back harmony). /ɜ uɜ̯/ must be preceded by a harmonically back vowel.


=== Allophony ===
=== Allophony ===
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==== Tense ====
==== Tense ====
Past Tense: -''ltu''
Past Tense: -''ltu/-ltü'' [-ltu, -lty]
Present Tense: -''khai''


Future Tense: -''myi''
Present Tense: -''khai'' [khai̯]
 
Future Tense: -''myi'' [-mji]


Irrealis: Ø
Irrealis: Ø


* Past Irrealis: ''oltu''-
* Past Irrealis: ''oltu''- [oltu-]
* Present Irrealis: ''okhai''-
* Present Irrealis: ''okhai''- [okhai̯-]
* Future Irrealis: ''omyi''-
* Future Irrealis: ''omyi''- [omji-]


==== Subject Markers ====
==== Subject Markers ====
There are different types of subject markers for different relationships the subject has to the verb or object.
There are different types of subject markers for different relationships the subject has to the verb or object.


Motile subject: ''-msu''
Motile subject: ''-msu/-msü'' [-msu, -msy]


Present subject: -''ćto''
Present subject: -''ćto/ćtö'' [-t͡ɕto, -t͡ɕtø]


Identity subject: -''ńwai''
Identity subject: -''ńwai'' [-ɲwai̯]


Potential subject: -''hći''
Potential subject: -''hći'' [-ht͡ɕi]


== Translations ==
== Translations ==


== Lexicon ==
== Lexicon ==
Words in bold are just meant to make visual searching easier.
=== Root Words ===
=== Root Words ===
“”
Corresponding English words in bold are just meant to make visual searching easier.
 
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
“alone” ''ku''
!
 
!IPA
“big” ''pô''
!English
 
!Meaning
“blank” ''mi''
|-
 
!ku
“clean” ''ñe''
|[ku]
 
|alone
“come” ''ńi''
| -
 
|-
“cube, '''square'''” ''kei''
!pô
 
|[pɔ]
“down” ''vu''
|big
 
| -
“go” ''maa''
|-
 
!mi
“hit” ''ñhoi''
|[mi]
 
|blank
“hold” ''mo''
| -
 
|-
“ice” ''će''
!ŋe
 
|[ŋe]
“ink” ''qui''
|clean
 
| -
“land”
|-
 
!ńi
“light”
|[ɲi]
 
|come
“lightning”
| -
 
|-
“person”
!kei
 
|[kei̯]
“plant”
|cube, '''square'''
 
| -
“sea”
|-
 
!vu
“small”
|[βu]
 
|down
“speak”
| -
 
|-
“tall”
!maa
 
|[mɑː]
“together”
|go
 
| -
“wood”
|-
!qa
|[qɑ]
|hit
| -
|-
!mo
|[mo]
|hold
| -
|-
!će
|[t͡ɕe]
|ice
| -
|-
!qui
|[qui̯]
|ink
| -
|-
!go
|[ɡo]
|land
| -
|-
!yü
|[jy]
|light
| -
|-
!tsu
|[t͡su]
|lightning
| -
|-
!ou
|[ou̯]
|person
| -
|-
!na
|[nɑ]
|plant
| -
|-
!ôi
|[ɔi̯]
|sea
| -
|-
!i
|[i]
|small
| -
|-
!ŋa
|[ŋɑ]
|speak
| -
|-
!ti
|[ti]
|tall
| -
|-
!mu
|[mu]
|together
| -
|-
!xo
|[xo]
|wood
| -
|}


=== Compound Words ===
=== Compound Words ===
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The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.
The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.


“”
Corresponding English words in bold are just meant to make visual searching easier.
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
! colspan="5" |Nga
! colspan="5" |English
|-
! rowspan="2" |Word
! colspan="3" |Roots
! rowspan="2" |IPA
! rowspan="2" |Word
! colspan="3" |Roots
! rowspan="2" |Meaning
|-
!1
!2
!3
!1
!2
!3
|-
!kuôi
|ku
|ôi
|
|[kuɔi̯]
!island
|alone
|sea
|
| -
|-
!kuttsui
|ku
|tsu-i
|
|[kutt͡sʉi]
!electron
|alone
|electric
|
| -
|-
!kuyu
|ku
|yü
|
|[kuju]
!light
|alone
|light
|
|A group of photons following the same trajectory
|-
!kuyyui
|ku
|yü-i
|
|[kujjʉi]
!photon
|alone
|glint
|
| -
|-
!miće
|mi
|će
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!mixö
|mi
|xo
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!ŋekü
|ŋe
|ku
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!ŋemi
|ŋe
|mi
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!pôi
|pô
|i
|
|[pɔi]
!grow
|big
|small
|
| -
|-
!pômu
|pô
|mu
|
|[pɔmu]
!all
|big
|together
|
| -
|-
!pômu'ou
|pô-mu
|ou
|
|[pɔmuʔou̯]
!population
|all
|person
|
| -
|-
!
|
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!
|
|
|
|
!
|
|
|
| -
|-
!
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!
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| -
|-
!
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!
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| -
|-
!
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!
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| -
|-
!
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!
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| -
|-
!
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!
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| -
|-
!
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!
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| -
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!
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!
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| -
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!
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!
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| -
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!
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!
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| -
|-
!
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!
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|
| -
|}
Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Nga"