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Nga: Difference between revisions

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Past Tense: -''ltu/-ltü'' [-ltu, -lty]
Past Tense: -''ltu/-ltü'' [-ltu, -lty]


Present Tense: -''khai'' [khai̯]
Present Tense: -''khai'' [-khai̯]


Future Tense: -''myi'' [-mji]
Future Tense: -''myi'' [-mji]
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The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.
The meaning of a compound word is not produced systematically, it has a significant degree of arbitrarity. Therefore, if two roots on their own form a compound with one meaning, those same roots in the same order become part of another compound word, they will not incorporate the meaning of their own compound, they will contribute to a new meaning with the other root(s). However, compound words can be compounded to other roots if the boundary between the two has a /G/ interfix. This interfix is the only place /G/ occurs in the language.


Bold compound components are themselves compounds.
Italicized compound components are themselves compounds.
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible"
! colspan="4" |Nga
! colspan="5" |Nga
! colspan="4" |English
! colspan="5" |English
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |Word
! rowspan="2" |Word
! colspan="2" |Roots
! colspan="3" |Roots
! rowspan="2" |IPA
! rowspan="2" |IPA
! rowspan="2" |Word
! rowspan="2" |Word
! colspan="2" |Roots
! colspan="3" |Roots
! rowspan="2" |Meaning
! rowspan="2" |Meaning
|-
|-
!1
!1
!2
!2
!3
!1
!1
!2
!2
!3
|-
|-
!ćevü
!ćevü
|će
|će
|vu
|vu
|
|[t͡ɕeβy]
|[t͡ɕeβy]
!ice melting
!ice melting
|ice
|ice
|down
|down
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
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|fü
|fü
|vu
|vu
|
|[ɸyβy]
|[ɸyβy]
!snow melting
!snow melting
|snow
|snow
|down
|down
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!füvvüqa
!füvvüqa
|fü
|fü
|vu-qa
| colspan="2" |vu-qa
|[ɸyββyqɑ]
|[ɸyββyqɑ]
!snow cave-in
!snow cave-in
|snow
|snow
|'''tumble'''
| colspan="2" |''tumble''
|Snow that is caving in.
|Snow that is caving in.
|-
|-
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|ku
|ku
|ôi
|ôi
|
|[kuɔi̯]
|[kuɔi̯]
!island
!island
|alone
|alone
|sea
|sea
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!kuttsui
!kuttsui
|ku
|ku
|'''tsu-i'''
| colspan="2" |tsu-i
|[kutt͡sʉi]
|[kutt͡sʉi]
!electron
!electron
|alone
|alone
|'''electric'''
| colspan="2" |''electric''
| -
| -
|-
|-
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|ku
|ku
|yü
|yü
|
|[kuju]
|[kuju]
!light
!light
|alone
|alone
|light
|light
|
|A group of photons following the same trajectory
|A group of photons following the same trajectory
|-
|-
!kuyyui
!kuyyui
|ku
|ku
|'''yü-i'''
| colspan="2" |yü-i
|[kujjʉi]
|[kujjʉi]
!photon
!photon
|alone
|alone
|'''glint'''
| colspan="2" |''glint''
| -
| -
|-
|-
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|mi
|mi
|će
|će
|
|[mit͡ɕe]
|[mit͡ɕe]
!glass
!glass
|blank
|blank
|ice
|ice
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
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|mi
|mi
|xo
|xo
|
|[mixø]
|[mixø]
!paper
!paper
|blank
|blank
|wood
|wood
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
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|mi
|mi
|ŋe
|ŋe
|
|[miŋe]
|[miŋe]
!new
!new
|blank
|blank
|clean
|clean
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
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|mo
|mo
|maa
|maa
|
|[momɑː]
|[momɑː]
!take
!take
|hold
|hold
|go
|go
|
|Instead means “bring” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|Instead means “bring” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|-
|-
Line 303: Line 321:
|mo
|mo
|ńi
|ńi
|
|[moɲi]
|[moɲi]
!bring
!bring
|hold
|hold
|come
|come
|
|Instead means “take” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|Instead means “take” if the one doing the action is the speaker.
|-
|-
!mottsui
!mottsui
|mo
|mo
|'''tsu-i'''
| colspan="2" |tsu-i
|[mott͡sʉi]
|[mott͡sʉi]
!electronic tablet
!mobile device
|hold
|hold
|'''electric'''
| colspan="2" |''electric''
| -
| -
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |ŋattsui
!ŋattsui
| rowspan="2" |ŋa
|ŋa
| rowspan="2" |'''tsu-i'''
| colspan="2" |tsu-i
| rowspan="2" |[ŋɑtt͡sʉi]
|[ŋɑtt͡sʉi]
!phone
!phone
| rowspan="2" |speak
|speak
| rowspan="2" |'''electric'''
| colspan="2" |''electric''
| rowspan="2" | -
| Also means phone call.
|-
!phone call
|-
|-
!ŋekü
!ŋekü
|ŋe
|ŋe
|ku
|ku
|
|[ŋeky]
|[ŋeky]
!clean
!clean
|clean
|clean
|alone
|alone
|
|A removal of dirt from one item or one place on an object.
|A removal of dirt from one item or one place on an object.
|-
|-
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|pô
|pô
|i
|i
|
|[pɔi]
|[pɔi]
!grow
!grow
|big
|big
|small
|small
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
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|pô
|pô
|mu
|mu
|
|[pɔmu]
|[pɔmu]
!all
!all
|big
|big
|together
|together
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
!pômu'ou
!pômu'ou
|'''pô-mu'''
| colspan="2" |pô-mu
|ou
|ou
|[pɔmuʔou̯]
|[pɔmuʔou̯]
!population
!population
|'''all'''
| colspan="2" |''all''
|person
|person
| -
| -
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|qa
|qa
|vu
|vu
|
|[qɑβu]
|[qɑβu]
!slam
!slam
|hit
|hit
|down
|down
|
| -
| -
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" |vućë
!quivu
| rowspan="2" |vu
|qui
| rowspan="2" |će
|vu
| rowspan="2" |[βut͡ɕɜ]
|
|[qui̯βu]
!downstroke
|ink
|down
|
|A stroke downward with a writing utensil along a writing medium.
|-
!quixo
|qui
|xo
|
|[qui̯xo]
!page
|ink
|wood
|
|A page with writing or image(s).
|-
!vućë
|vu
|će
|
|[βut͡ɕɜ]
!hail
!hail
| rowspan="2" |down
|down
| rowspan="2" |ice
|ice
| rowspan="2" | -
|
|-
| Also means sleet.
!sleet
|-
|-
!vufu
!vufu
|vu
|vu
|fü
|fü
|
|[βuɸu]
|[βuɸu]
!snowing
!snowing
|down
|down
|snow
|snow
|
|Snow that is falling from the sky.
|Snow that is falling from the sky.
|-
|-
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|vu
|vu
|qa
|qa
|
|[βuqɑ]
|[βuqɑ]
!tumble
!tumble
|down
|down
|hit
|hit
|
|A fall that results in a relevant impact.
|A fall that results in a relevant impact.
|-
|-
!vuqaffu
!vuqaffu
|'''vu-qa'''
| colspan="2" |vu-qa
|'''fü'''
|fü
|[βuqɑɸɸu]
|[βuqɑɸɸu]
!avalanche
!avalanche
|'''tumble'''
| colspan="2" |''tumble''
|snow
|snow
| -
| -
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|vu
|vu
|qui
|qui
|
|[βuqui̯]
|[βuqui̯]
!ink drop
!ink drop
|down
|down
|ink
|ink
|
| -
| -
|-
!yüiôi
|yü
|i
|ôi
|[jyiɔi̯]
!photon field
|light
|small
|sea
| -
|-
!yümaa
|yü
|maa
|
|[jymɑː]
!EM radiation
|light
|go
|
| -
|-
!yüńi
|yü
|ńi
|
|[jyɲi]
!color
|light
|come
|
|Refers to the process of experiencing color, from light emission to brain processing, not only brain processing.
|}
|}
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