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Scots Norse: Difference between revisions

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==Orthography==
==Orthography==
(only accurate up to "d")
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=3 | Letter(s)
! Phoneme
! Examples 
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''b'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| /b/
| {{term|}}
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| /bˠ/
| {{term|bògi}} /ˈbˠo.ɟɪ/
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| /bʲ/
| {{term|}}
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''bh'''
| colspan=2 | before u/ù, a consonant, or finally
| /./ or null
| {{term|bhùrr}} /ˈur/, {{term|àbbh}} /ˈo/
|-
| rowspan=3 | usually
| plain
| /v/
| {{term|bhàrr}} /ˈvor/
|-
| broad
| /vˠ/ [ɰ~w]
| {{term|bholc}} /ˈvˠʊkʰ/
|-
| slender
| /vʲ/
| {{term|bhère}} /ˈvʲerʲ/
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''c'''
| rowspan=2 | plain/broad
| initially and finally
| /kʰ/
| {{term|cotte}} /ˈkʰɔt͡ʃʰ/
|-
| between vowels
| /k/
| {{term|}} //
|-
| rowspan=2 | slender
| initially and finally
| /cʰ/
| {{term|cìss}} /cʰis/
|-
| between vowels
| /c/
| {{term|}} //
|-
| '''ch'''
| colspan=2 | word finally
| /x/
| {{term|loch}} /ˈlˠɔx/
|-
| colspan=3 | '''chd'''
| /xk/
| {{term|}} //
|-
| colspan=3 | '''cn'''
| {{IPA|/kʰɾ/}}
| {{term|cnà}} /ˈkʰɾo/
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''d'''
| colspan=2 | plain
| /d/
| {{term|dàge}} /ˈdoɟ/
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| /dˠ/
| {{term|}} //
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| /d͡ʒ/
| {{term|}} //
|-
| rowspan=5 | '''dh'''
| rowspan="3" | broad
| rowspan="2" | between vowels
| {{IPA|/./}}
| {{lang|gd|odhar}} {{IPA|/ˈo.ər/}}, {{lang|gd|cladhadh}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰl̪ˠɤ.əɣ/}}
|-
| rowspan="2" |{{IPA|/ɣ/}}
|{{lang|gd|modhail}} {{IPA|/ˈmɔɣal/}}
|-
| elsewhere
| {{lang|gd|dhà}} {{IPA|/ɣaː/}}, {{lang|gd|modh}} {{IPA|/mɔɣ/}}, {{lang|gd|tumadh}} {{IPA|/ˈt̪ʰuməɣ/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | slender
| between vowels
| {{IPA|/./}}
| {{lang|gd|Gàidheal}} {{IPA|/ˈkɛː.əl̪ˠ/}}
|-
| elsewhere
| {{IPA|/ʝ/}}
| {{lang|gd|dhìth}} {{IPA|/ʝiː/}}, {{lang|gd|dhìol}} {{IPA|/ʝiəl̪ˠ/}}
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''f'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/f/}}
| {{lang|gd|fathan}} {{IPA|/ˈfahan/}}, {{lang|gd|gafann}} {{IPA|/ˈkafən̪ˠ/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | slender
| before front vowel
| {{lang|gd|fios}} {{IPA|/fis̪/}}, {{lang|gd|fèill}} {{IPA|/feːʎ/}}
|-
| before back vowel
| {{IPA|/fj/}}
| {{lang|gd|fiùran}} {{IPA|/ˈfjuːɾan/}}, {{lang|gd|feòl}} {{IPA|/fjɔːl̪ˠ/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''fh'''
|colspan=2 | usual
|none
| {{lang|gd|fhios}} {{IPA|/is̪/}}, {{lang|gd|a fharadh}} {{IPA|/ˈaɾəɣ/}}
|-
| colspan=2 | exceptionally
| {{IPA|/h/}}
| {{lang|gd|fhathast}} {{IPA|/ha.əs̪t̪/}}, {{lang|gd|fhèin}} {{IPA|/heːn/}}, {{lang|gd|fhuair}} {{IPA|/huəɾʲ/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''g'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| {{IPA|/k/}}
| {{lang|gd|gad}} {{IPA|/kat̪/}}, {{lang|gd|ugan}} {{IPA|/ˈukan/}}
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| {{IPA|/kʲ/}}
| {{lang|gd|gille}} {{IPA|/ˈkʲiʎə/}}, {{lang|gd|leig}} {{IPA|/ʎekʲ/}}
|-
| rowspan=5 | '''gh'''
| colspan=2 | finally, sometimes
| none*
| {{lang|gd|an-diugh}} {{IPA|/əɲˈtʲu/}}, {{lang|gd|nigh}} {{IPA|/ɲiː/}}
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | between vowels
| {{IPA|/./}}*
| {{lang|gd|aghaidh}} {{IPA|/ˈɤː.ɪ/}}, {{lang|gd|fiughar}} {{IPA|/ˈfju.əɾ/}}, {{lang|gd|nigheann}} {{IPA|/ˈɲiː.an̪ˠ/}}
|-
|{{IPA|/ɣ/}}
|{{lang|gd|laghail}} {{IPA|/ˈl̪ˠɤɣal/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | elsewhere
| broad
| {{IPA|/ɣ/}}
| {{lang|gd|mo ghoc}} {{IPA|/mə ɣɔʰk/}}, {{lang|gd|lagh}} {{IPA|/l̪ˠɤɣ/}}
|-
| slender
| {{IPA|/ʝ/}}
| {{lang|gd|mo ghille}} {{IPA|/mə ʝiʎə/}}, {{lang|gd|do thaigh}} {{IPA|/t̪ə hɤj/}}
|-
| colspan=3 | '''gn'''
| {{IPA|/kr/}}
| {{lang|gd|gnè}} {{IPA|/kɾʲɛː/}}
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''h'''
| {{IPA|/h/}}
| {{lang|gd|a h-athair}} {{IPA|/ə hahɪɾʲ/}}, {{lang|gd|Hearach}} {{IPA|/ˈhɛɾəx/}}
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| {{IPA|/ç/}}
| {{lang|gd|deich}} {{IPA|/tʲeç/}}, {{lang|gd|dìcheall}} {{IPA|/ˈtʲiːçəl̪ˠ/}}
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''l'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| {{IPA|/l̪ˠ/}}
| {{lang|gd|lachan}} {{IPA|/ˈl̪ˠaxən/}}, {{lang|gd|a laoidh}} {{IPA|/ə l̪ˠɯj/}}, {{lang|gd|balach}} {{IPA|/ˈpal̪ˠəx/}}
|-
| rowspan=3 | slender
| initially, unlenited
| {{IPA|/ʎ/}}
| {{lang|gd|leabaidh}} {{IPA|/ˈʎepɪ/}}, {{lang|gd|leum}} {{IPA|/ʎeːm/}}
|-
| initially, lenited
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/l/}}
| {{lang|gd|dà leabaidh}} {{IPA|/t̪aː lepɪ/}}, {{lang|gd|bho leac}} {{IPA|/vɔ lɛʰk/}}
|-
| elsewhere
| {{lang|gd|cuilean}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰulan/}}, {{lang|gd|sùil}} {{IPA|/s̪uːl/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''ll'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| {{IPA|/l̪ˠ/}}
| {{lang|gd|balla}} {{IPA|/ˈpal̪ˠə/}}, {{lang|gd|ciall}} {{IPA|/kʰʲiəl̪ˠ/}}
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| {{IPA|/ʎ/}}
| {{lang|gd|cailleach}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰaʎəx/}}, {{lang|gd|mill}} {{IPA|/miːʎ/}}
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''m'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/m/}}
| {{lang|gd|maol}} {{IPA|/mɯːl̪ˠ/}}, {{lang|gd|màla}} {{IPA|/ˈmaːl̪ˠə/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | slender
| before front vowel
| {{lang|gd|milis}} {{IPA|/ˈmilɪʃ/}}, {{lang|gd|tìm}} {{IPA|/tʰʲiːm/}}
|-
| before back vowel
| {{IPA|/mj/}}
| {{lang|gd|meall}} {{IPA|/mjaul̪ˠ/}}, {{lang|gd|meòg}} {{IPA|/mjɔːk/}}
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''mh'''
| colspan=2 | between vowels, sometimes
| {{IPA|/./}}
| {{lang|gd|comhairle}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰo.əɾlə/}}
|-
| colspan=2 | broad
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/v/}}
| {{lang|gd|àmhainn}} {{IPA|/ˈaːvɪɲ/}}, {{lang|gd|caomh}} {{IPA|/kʰɯːv/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | slender
| before front vowel
| {{lang|gd|caoimhin}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰɯːvɪɲ/}}, {{lang|gd|làimh}} {{IPA|/ˈl̪ˠaiv/}}
|-
| before back vowel
| {{IPA|/vj/}}
| {{lang|gd|do mhealladh}} {{IPA|/t̪ɔ ˈvjal̪ˠəɣ/}}, {{lang|gd|dà mheall}} {{IPA|/t̪aː vjaul̪ˠ/}}
|-
| rowspan=7 | '''n'''
| rowspan=3 | broad
| initially, unlenited
| {{IPA|/n̪ˠ/}}
| {{lang|gd|nàbaidh}} {{IPA|/ˈn̪ˠaːpi/}}, {{lang|gd|norrag}} {{IPA|/ˈn̪ˠɔrˠak/}}
|-
| initially, lenited
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/n/}}
| {{lang|gd|mo nàire}} {{IPA|/mɔ ˈnaːɾʲɪ/}}, {{lang|gd|bho nàbaidh}} {{IPA|/vɔ ˈnaːpɪ/}}
|-
| elsewhere
| {{lang|gd|dona}} {{IPA|/ˈt̪ɔnə/}}, {{lang|gd|sean}} {{IPA|/ʃɛn/}}
|-
| rowspan=4 | slender
| initially, unlenited
| {{IPA|/ɲ/}}
| {{lang|gd|neul}} {{IPA|/ɲial̪ˠ/}}, {{lang|gd|neart}} {{IPA|/ɲɛɾʃt̪/}}
|-
| initially, lenited
| {{IPA|/n/}}
| {{lang|gd|mo nighean}} {{IPA|/mɔ ˈni.an/}}, {{lang|gd|dà nead}} {{IPA|/t̪aː nɛt̪/}}
|-
| elsewhere, after back vowel
| {{IPA|/ɲ/}}
| {{lang|gd|duine}} {{IPA|/ˈt̪ɯɲə/}}, {{lang|gd|càineadh}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰaːɲəɣ/}}
|-
| elsewhere, after front vowel
| {{IPA|/n/}}
| {{lang|gd|cana}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰanə/}}, {{lang|gd|teine}} {{IPA|/ˈtʰʲenə/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''ng'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| {{IPA|/ŋɡ/}}
| {{lang|gd|teanga}} {{IPA|/ˈtʰʲɛŋɡə/}}, {{lang|gd|fulang}} {{IPA|/ˈful̪ˠəŋɡ/}}
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| {{IPA|/ŋʲɡʲ/}}
| {{lang|gd|aingeal}} {{IPA|/ˈaiŋʲɡʲəl̪ˠ/}}, {{lang|gd|farsaing}} {{IPA|/ˈfaɾs̪ɪŋʲɡʲ/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''nn'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| {{IPA|/n̪ˠ/}}
| {{lang|gd|ceannaich}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰʲan̪ˠɪç/}}, {{lang|gd|ann}} {{IPA|/aun̪ˠ/}}
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| {{IPA|/ɲ/}}
| {{lang|gd|bainne}} {{IPA|/ˈpaɲə/}}, {{lang|gd|tinn}} {{IPA|/tʰʲiːɲ/}}
|-
| rowspan="5" | '''p'''
| rowspan=4 | broad </br> slender not before back vowel
| initially or after consonant
| {{IPA|/pʰ/}}
| {{lang|gd|post}} {{IPA|/pʰɔs̪t̪/}}, {{lang|gd|campa}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰaumpə/}}, {{lang|gd|peasair}} {{IPA|/ˈpʰes̪ɪɾʲ/}},
|-
| between vowels
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/ʰp/}}
| {{lang|gd|cupa}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰuʰpə/}}, {{lang|gd|cipean}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰʲiʰpan/}} 
|-
| finally after vowel
| {{lang|gd|cuip}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰuiʰp/}}
|-
| finally after consonant
| {{IPA|/p/}}
| {{lang|gd|ailp}} {{IPA|/alp/}}
|-
| slender before back vowel
| after consonant, or initially
| {{IPA|/pʰj/}}
| {{lang|gd|piuthar}} {{IPA|/ˈpʰju.əɾ/}}, {{lang|gd|peall}} {{IPA|/pʰjaul̪ˠ/}}
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''ph'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/f/}}
| {{lang|gd|sa phost}} {{IPA|/s̪ə fɔs̪t̪/}}, {{lang|gd|bho phàiste}} {{IPA|/vɔ ˈfaːʃtʲə/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | slender
| before front vowel
| {{lang|gd|dà pheasair}} {{IPA|/t̪aː ˈfes̪ɪɾʲ/}}, {{lang|gd|mo pheata}} {{IPA|/mɔ ˈfɛʰt̪ə/}}
|-
| before back vowel
| {{IPA|/fj/}}
| {{lang|gd|mo phiuthar}} {{IPA|/mɔ ˈfju.əɾ/}}, {{lang|gd|sa pheann}} {{IPA|/s̪ə fjaun̪ˠ/}}
|-
| rowspan=4 | '''r'''
| colspan=2 | initially, unlenited
| {{IPA|/rˠ/}}
| {{lang|gd|ràmh}} {{IPA|/rˠaːv/}}, {{lang|gd|rionnag}} {{IPA|/ˈrˠun̪ˠak/}}
|-
| colspan=2 | initially, lenited
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/ɾ/}}
| {{lang|gd|do rùn}} {{IPA|/tɔ ɾuːn/}}, {{lang|gd|bho rèic}} {{IPA|/vɔ ɾeːʰkʲ/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | elsewhere
| broad
| {{lang|gd|caran}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰaɾan/}}, {{lang|gd|mura}} {{IPA|/ˈmuɾə/}}
|-
| slender
| {{IPA|/ɾʲ/}}
| {{lang|gd|cìr}} {{IPA|/kʰʲiːɾʲ/}}, {{lang|gd|cuireadh}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰuɾʲəɣ/}}
|-
| colspan=3 | '''rr'''
| {{IPA|/rˠ/}}
| {{lang|gd|cearr}} {{IPA|/kʰʲaːrˠ/}}, {{lang|gd|barra}} {{IPA|/ˈparˠə/}}
|-
| colspan=3 | '''-rt''', '''-rd'''
| {{IPA|/ɾʃt̪/}}
| {{lang|gd|neart}} {{IPA|/ɲɛɾʃt̪/}}, {{lang|gd|bord}} {{IPA|/pɔːɾʃt̪/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | '''s'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| {{IPA|/s̪/}}
| {{lang|gd|sàr}} {{IPA|/s̪aːɾ/}}, {{lang|gd|casan}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰas̪an/}}
|-
| colspan=2 | slender
| {{IPA|/ʃ/}}
| {{lang|gd|siùcair}} {{IPA|/ˈʃuːʰkɪɾʲ/}}, {{lang|gd|càise}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰaːʃə/}}
|-
| rowspan=3 | '''sh'''
| colspan=2 | broad
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/h/}}
| {{lang|gd|ro shalach}} {{IPA|/ɾɔ ˈhal̪ˠəx/}}, {{lang|gd|glè shoilleir}} {{IPA|/kleː ˈhɤʎɪɾʲ/}}
|-
| rowspan=2 | slender
| before front vowel
| {{lang|gd|dà shìl}} {{IPA|/t̪aː hiːʎ/}}, {{lang|gd|glè shean}} {{IPA|/kleː hɛn/}}
|-
| before back vowel
| {{IPA|/hj/}}
| {{lang|gd|de shiùcair}} {{IPA|/tʲe ˈhjuːʰkɪɾʲ/}}, {{lang|gd|a sheòladh}} {{IPA|/ə ˈhjɔːl̪ˠəɣ/}}
|-
| colspan=3 | '''sr, str'''
| {{IPA|/s̪t̪ɾ/}}
| {{lang|gd|sràc}} {{IPA|/s̪t̪ɾaːʰk/}}, {{lang|gd|strì}} {{IPA|/s̪t̪ɾʲiː/}}
|-
| rowspan=8 | '''t'''
| rowspan=4 | broad
| initially, or non-finally after consonant
| {{IPA|/t̪ʰ/}}
| {{lang|gd|tasdan}} {{IPA|/ˈt̪ʰas̪t̪an/}}, {{lang|gd|molta}} {{IPA|/ˈmɔl̪ˠt̪ə/}}
|-
| between vowels
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/ʰt̪/}}
| {{lang|gd|bàta}} {{IPA|/ˈpaːʰt̪ə/}}
|-
| finally, after vowel
| {{lang|gd|put}} {{IPA|/pʰuʰt̪/}}
|-
| finally, after consonant
| {{IPA|/t/}}
|
|-
| rowspan=4 | slender
| initially, or non-finally after consonant
| {{IPA|/tʰʲ/}}
| {{lang|gd|tiugh}} {{IPA|/tʰʲu/}}, {{lang|gd|caillte}} {{IPA|/ˈkʰaiʎtʲə/}}
|-
| between vowels
| rowspan="2" | {{IPA|/ʰtʲ/}}
| {{lang|gd|litir}} {{IPA|/ˈʎiʰtʲɪɾʲ/}}
|-
| finally, after vowel
| {{lang|gd|cait}} {{IPA|/kʰɛʰtʲ/}}
|-
| finally, after consonant
| {{IPA|/tʲ/}}
| {{lang|gd|ailt}} {{IPA|/altʲ/}}
|-
| rowspan="6" | '''th'''
| colspan=2 | finally
| none
| {{lang|gd|teth}} {{IPA|/tʰʲe/}}, {{lang|gd|leth}} {{IPA|/ʎe/}}, {{lang|gd|strath}} {{IPA|/s̪t̪ɾa/}}
|-
| colspan="2" rowspan="2" | between vowels
| {{IPA|/./}}
| {{lang|gd|leotha}} {{IPA|/ˈlɔ.ə/}}, {{lang|gd|piuthar}} {{IPA|/ˈpʰju.əɾ/}}, {{lang|gd|cnòthan}} {{IPA|/ˈkɾɔː.ən/}}
|-
| rowspan="3" |{{IPA|/h/}}
|{{lang|gd|beatha}} {{IPA|/ˈpɛhə/}}, {{lang|gd|fathan}} {{IPA|/ˈfahan/}}, {{lang|gd|a mhàthair}} {{IPA|/ə ˈvaːhɪɾʲ/}}
|-
| rowspan="3" | initially
| broad
| {{lang|gd|mo thòn}} {{IPA|/mɔ hɔːn/}}, {{lang|gd|do thaigh}} {{IPA|/t̪ɔ hɤʝ/}}
|-
| slender, before front vowel
| {{lang|gd|thig}} {{IPA|/hikʲ/}}, {{lang|gd|ro thinn}} {{IPA|/rˠɔ hiːɲ/}}
|-
| slender, before back vowel
| {{IPA|/hj/}}
| {{lang|gd|do theaghlach}} {{IPA|/t̪ɔ ˈhjɔːl̪ˠəx/}}, {{lang|gd|glè thiugh}} {{IPA|/kleː hju/}}
|-
|}
==Morphology==
==Morphology==
===Nouns===
===Nouns===
Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Scots_Norse"