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==Phonology==
==Phonology==
Treated below is the phonology of Standard Tigall ({{abbtip|/ə ˈɬɪɡ̊ɤᵝˤ ˈhiətʰœn/|''a Thigall hÉtaoin''}}). Other dialects differ mostly in vowel reflexes from Old Tigall and in the treatment of Old Tigall /n, nn, l, ll, r, rr/.
Treated below is the phonology of Standard Tigall ({{abbtip|/ə ˈɬɪɡ̊ɤᵝˤ ˈhiətʰœɳ/|''a Thigall hÉtaoin''}}). Other dialects differ mostly in vowel reflexes from Old Tigall and in the treatment of Old Tigall /n, nn, l, ll, r, rr/.
===Stress===
===Stress===
Primary stress usually falls on the first syllable, except for some inflected prepositions.
Primary stress usually falls on the first syllable, except for some inflected prepositions.
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|-
|-
!|Indefinite
!|Indefinite
|''aésd''||''aésdann''
|''aésd''||''aésdan''
|-
|-
!|Definite
!|Definite
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|-
|-
!|Definite
!|Definite
|''a shuar''||''suairann''
|''a shuar''||''suairan''
|-
|-
!|Construct
!|Construct
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Masculine nouns with -Cadh:
Masculine nouns with -Cadh:
-Cadh / -Ctann / -Cta / -Ctar / -Ctadh / -Ctar
-Cadh / -Ctan / -Cta / -Ctar / -Ctadh / -Ctar
(indef sg / indef pl / def sg/ def pl / const sg / const pl)
(indef sg / indef pl / def sg/ def pl / const sg / const pl)


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|-
|-
!|Construct
!|Construct
|''éumhadh''||''éumhann''
|''éumhadh''||''éumhan''
|}
|}


Feminine nouns with -Cadh:
Feminine nouns with -Cadh:
-Cadh / -Ctar / -Ctadh / -Ctann
-Cadh / -Ctar / -Ctadh / -Ctan
(indef sg / indef pl / const sg / const pl)
(indef sg / indef pl / const sg / const pl)


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|''séth a ŋór''
|''séth a ŋór''
|''séth a dtilŋ''
|''séth a dtilŋ''
|''séth ŋórann''
|''séth ŋóran''
|''séth a tilŋ''
|''séth a tilŋ''
|-
|-
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|''a ŋóir shéth''
|''a ŋóir shéth''
|''a dtilŋ zséth''
|''a dtilŋ zséth''
|''ŋórann séthann''
|''ŋóran séthan''
|''a tilŋ séth''
|''a tilŋ séth''
|-
|-
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|''ŋóra shéth''
|''ŋóra shéth''
|''tiulŋa shéth''
|''tiulŋa shéth''
|''ŋórar séthann''
|''ŋórar séthan''
|''tiulŋar séth''
|''tiulŋar séth''
|}
|}
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|''áithamh a aésda''
|''áithamh a aésda''
|''áithamh a dtilŋ''
|''áithamh a dtilŋ''
|''áithamh aésdann''
|''áithamh aésdan''
|''áithamh a tilŋ''
|''áithamh a tilŋ''
|-
|-
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|''aésda áithamh''
|''aésda áithamh''
|''tilŋ áithamh''
|''tilŋ áithamh''
|''aésdann áithamha''
|''aésdan áithamha''
|''tilŋar áithamhar''
|''tilŋar áithamhar''
|-
|-
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|''a aésd háithamh''
|''a aésd háithamh''
|''a dtilŋ ŋ-áithamh''
|''a dtilŋ ŋ-áithamh''
|''aésdar áithamhann''
|''aésdar áithamhan''
|''a tilŋ háithamh''
|''a tilŋ háithamh''
|-
|-
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|''aésdadh h-áithamh''
|''aésdadh h-áithamh''
|''tylŋa h-áithamh''
|''tylŋa h-áithamh''
|''aésdar áithamhann''
|''aésdar áithamhan''
|''tylŋar áithamh''
|''tylŋar áithamh''
|}
|}
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|-
|-
!|''chaoi'' 'before'
!|''chaoi'' 'before'
|''chaoín''||''chaoís''||''chaós''||''chaó''||''chaoí''||''chaoím''||''chaoíd''||''chaoíc''||''chaoír''
|''chaoính''||''chaoís''||''chaós''||''chaó''||''chaoí''||''chaoím''||''chaoíd''||''chaoíc''||''chaoír''
|-
|-
!|''de-L, d'-'' 'in, at'
!|''de-L, d'-'' 'in, at'
|''deán''||''déis''||''deós''||''deó''||''deí''||''dém''||''déd''||''déc''||''dér''
|''deánh''||''déis''||''deós''||''deó''||''deí''||''dém''||''déd''||''déc''||''dér''
|-
|-
!|''dli'' 'on'
!|''dli'' 'on'
|''dlian''||''dlis''||''dlios''||''dliú''||''dlí''||''dlim''||''dlid''||''dlic''||''dlir''
|''dlianh''||''dlis''||''dlios''||''dliú''||''dlí''||''dlim''||''dlid''||''dlic''||''dlir''
|-
|-
!|''gil'' 'from'
!|''gil'' 'from'
|''gialn''||''gilis''||''gilus''||''gilu''||''gili''||''gilam''||''gilad''||''gilac''||''gilar''
|''gialnh''||''gilis''||''gilus''||''gilu''||''gili''||''gilam''||''gilad''||''gilac''||''gilar''
|-
|-
!|''go-L'' 'with'
!|''go-L'' 'with'
|''gón''||''goís''||''gós''||''gú''||''goí''||''góm''||''gód''||''góc''||''gór''
|''gónh''||''goís''||''gós''||''gú''||''goí''||''góm''||''gód''||''góc''||''gór''
|-
|-
!|''mo-L, m'-''
!|''mo-L, m'-''
|''món''||''móis''||''mós''||''mó''||''muí''||''móm''||''mód''||''móc''||''mór''
|''mónh''||''móis''||''mós''||''mó''||''muí''||''móm''||''mód''||''móc''||''mór''
|-
|-
!|''an/na'' 'with (instrumental)'
!|''anh/nha'' 'with (instrumental)'
|''naín''||''naís''||''naíos''||''naío''||''naí''||''naím''||''naíd''||''naíc''||''naír''
|''naính''||''naís''||''naíos''||''naío''||''naí''||''naím''||''naíd''||''naíc''||''naír''
|-
|-
!|''ro'' (ergative)
!|''ro'' (ergative)
|''rúin''||''rúis''||''ruíos''||''rú''||''ruí''||''ruím''||''ruíd''||''ruíc''||''ruír''
|''rúinh''||''rúis''||''ruíos''||''rú''||''ruí''||''ruím''||''ruíd''||''ruíc''||''ruír''
|-
|-
!|''so'' 'to'
!|''so'' 'to'
|''són''||''súis''||''sús''||''sú''||''suí''||''súm''||''súd''||''súc''||''súr''
|''sónh''||''súis''||''sús''||''sú''||''suí''||''súm''||''súd''||''súc''||''súr''
|-
|-
!|''zead'' 'after'
!|''zead'' 'after'
|''zeadan''||''zeadis''||''zeadus''||''zeadu''||''zeadi''||''zeadam''||''zeadad''||''zeadac''||''zeadar''
|''zeadanh''||''zeadis''||''zeadus''||''zeadu''||''zeadi''||''zeadam''||''zeadad''||''zeadac''||''zeadar''
|}
|}


''Dli'' can be used to indicate obligation, as in Irish and Hebrew:
''Dli'' can be used to indicate obligation, as in Irish and Hebrew:
:'''''Dlian cháisaladh a cháisan.'''''
:'''''Dlianh cháisaladh a cháisanh.'''''
:[ˈdʁiən ˈçeːsəʀəɬ ə ˈçeːsn̩]
:[ˈdʁiən ˈçeːsəʀəɬ ə ˈçeːsn̩]
:on-1SG eat-VN-CONST MO DEF.SG.M food
:on-1SG eat-VN-CONST MO DEF.SG.M food
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===Verbs===
===Verbs===
[[Old {{PAGENAME}}]] had a verb system with complex alternations, almost comparable to that of Old Irish.<!-- for example:
[[Old {{PAGENAME}}]] had a verb system with complex alternations, almost comparable to that of Old Irish.<!-- for example:
*Thn. ''molyn'' 'I thank' > OTig ''molan'' (prototonic); Thn. ''tir molyn'' 'I do not thank' > OTig ''tí·mlun'' (deuterotonic)
*Thn. ''molynis'' 'I thank' > OTig ''molain'' (prototonic); Thn. ''tir molyn'' 'I do not thank' > OTig ''tí·mlu'' (deuterotonic)
*Cf. Thn. ''armolyn'' 'I pursue' > '' ar·mlun'' (deuterotonic); Thn. ''tir armolyn'' 'I do not pursue' > OTig ''tír·mol'' (prototonic)
*Cf. Thn. ''armolynis'' 'I pursue' > '' ar·mluin'' (deuterotonic); Thn. ''tir armolyn'' 'I do not pursue' > OTig ''tír·mol'' (prototonic)
*Thn. ''duptym'' 'he builds' > OTig ''duchdamh''  Thn. ''tir duptym'' 'he does not build' > OTig ''tý·dchtumh'' (The negative particle undergoes u-umlaut here!)
*Thn. ''duptymis'' 'he builds' > OTig ''duchdaimh''  Thn. ''tir duptym'' 'he does not build' > OTig ''tý·dchtumh'' (The negative particle undergoes u-umlaut here!)
--> Modern {{PAGENAME}} simplified this system substantially, leaving behind a mixture of synthetic forms (used without a subject pronoun) and analytic forms (used with a subject noun or pronoun), similar to the Modern Irish system. Due to their different origins - namely, synthetic forms come from Thensarian conjugated verbs while analytic forms come from Thensarian participles or verbal nouns - they often morphologically behave differently.
--> Modern {{PAGENAME}} simplified this system substantially, leaving behind a mixture of synthetic forms (used without a subject pronoun) and analytic forms (used with a subject noun or pronoun), similar to the Modern Irish system. Due to their different origins - namely, synthetic forms come from Thensarian conjugated verbs while analytic forms come from Thensarian participles or verbal nouns - they often morphologically behave differently.


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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''STEM-adh ná''<br/>''<sup>B</sup>STEM-an'' (''poetic'')
|''STEM-adh ná''<br/>''<sup>B</sup>STEM-anh'' (''poetic'')
|''STEM-aóch''
|''STEM-aóch''
|-
|-
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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
| {{abbtip|[ˈmɔˤːʀəɬ naː]|''moladh ná''}}<br/>{{abbtip|[ˈwɔˤːʀn̩]|''mholan''}} (''poetic'')
| {{abbtip|[ˈmɔˤːʀəɬ ɳaː]|''moladh ná''}}<br/>{{abbtip|[ˈwɔˤːʀn̩]|''mholanh''}} (''poetic'')
| {{abbtip|[ˈwɔˤːʀɵːx] or [ˈwɔˤːʀʉːx]|''mholaóch''}}
| {{abbtip|[ˈwɔˤːʀɵːx] or [ˈwɔˤːʀʉːx]|''mholaóch''}}
|-
|-
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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
| {{abbtip|[ˈʔɪd̥əɬ naː]|''idadh ná''}}<br/>{{abbtip|[ˈpɪd̥n̩]|''b'idan''}} (''poetic'')
| {{abbtip|[ˈʔɪd̥əɬ ɳaː]|''idadh ná''}}<br/>{{abbtip|[ˈpɪd̥n̩]|''b'idan''}} (''poetic'')
| {{abbtip|[ˈpɪd̥ɵːx] or [ˈpɪd̥ʉːx]|''b'idaóch''}}
| {{abbtip|[ˈpɪd̥ɵːx] or [ˈpɪd̥ʉːx]|''b'idaóch''}}
|-
|-
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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|''STEM-tadh ná''<br/>''<sup>B</sup>STEM-tan'' (''poetic'')
|''STEM-tadh ná''<br/>''<sup>B</sup>STEM-tanh'' (''poetic'')
|''STEM-taóch''
|''STEM-taóch''
|-
|-
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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
|{{abbtip|[ˈmɔˤːtʰəɬ næː]|''moltadh ná''}}<br/>{{abbtip|[ˈwɔˤːʔn̩]|''mholtan''}} (''poetic'')
|{{abbtip|[ˈmɔˤːtʰəɬ ɳæː]|''moltadh ná''}}<br/>{{abbtip|[ˈwɔˤːʔn̩]|''mholtanh''}} (''poetic'')
|{{abbtip|[ˈwɔˤːtʰɵːx] or [ˈwɔˤːtʰʉːx]|''mholtaóch''}}
|{{abbtip|[ˈwɔˤːtʰɵːx] or [ˈwɔˤːtʰʉːx]|''mholtaóch''}}
|-
|-
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|-
|-
!|1.ex
!|1.ex
| ''idatadh ná''<br/>''b'idatan'' (''poetic'')
| ''idatadh ná''<br/>''b'idatanh'' (''poetic'')
| ''b'idataóch''
| ''b'idataóch''
|-
|-
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*{{abbtip|/ˈʔiː-/|''í-L''}}: non-
*{{abbtip|/ˈʔiː-/|''í-L''}}: non-
*{{abbtip|/-(z)iː/|''-í/-zí''}}: adjective suffix (Kagasa)
*{{abbtip|/-(z)iː/|''-í/-zí''}}: adjective suffix (Kagasa)
*''-gáin'' (f): abstract noun
*''-gáinh'' (f): abstract noun
*{{abbtip|/ˈmiː-/|''mí-''}}: mis-
*{{abbtip|/ˈmiː-/|''mí-''}}: mis-
**''mímhaóghach'' "misuse" < ''maóghach'' "use"
**''mímhaóghach'' "misuse" < ''maóghach'' "use"
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