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QtolqjimctadûTolsi: Difference between revisions

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====Conjugation tables====
====Conjugation tables====


The only available conjugation tables describe the endings in the indicative present for verbs of the first and second groups.
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Indicative present
|-
! Person !! Consonant ending !! Vowel ending
|-
| 1SG || -os /o/ || -e / /
|-
| 2SG || -is /i/ || -es / /
|-
| 3SG || -at /a/ || -et / /
|-
| 1PL || -aos /aw/ || -tte /t/
|-
| 2PL || -ais /ai/ (/aj/) || -ttez /t/
|-
| 3PL || -aat /a:/ || -ttet /t/
|-
| 2POLITE || -ae /ɛ/ ; -aae /aɛ/ || -ez / / ; -ttez / /
|}
 
The progressive (or continuous) present of a verb is built analytically with the present participle of the auxiliary verb "to have" followed with the infinitive of the verb.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Indicative simple past
|-
! Person !! Consonant ending !! Vowel ending
|-
| 1SG || -od /o/ || -de /d/
|-
| 2SG || -id /i/ || -des /d/
|-
| 3SG || -ad /a/ || -det /d/
|-
| 1PL || -aod /aw/ || -ttde /t/
|-
| 2PL || -aid /ai/ (/aj/) || -ttdes /t/
|-
| 3PL || -aad /a:/ || -ttdet /t/
|-
| 2POLITE || -ade /ad/ ; -aade /a:d/ || -dez /ɥa/ ; -ttdez /t/
|}
 
The so-called "foregone past" is built analytically with the auxiliary verb "to be" in the general past and the past participle of the verb.
 
The so-called "descriptive past" (imperfect) is built analytically with the auxiliary verb "to have" in the general past followed with the present participle of the verb.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Indicative present of the first group : "kalûaë", ''to be''
|+ Indicative simple future
|-
|-
! Person !! Ending !! Example
! Person !! Consonant ending !! Vowel ending
|-
|-
| 1SG || -qni /ʃni/ || kalûaqni /kaɾaʃni/
| 1SG || -(i)ros /(i)ʁo/ || -re /ʁ/
|-
|-
| 2SG || -qniî /ʃnij/ || kalûaqniî /kaɾaʃnij/
| 2SG || -(i)ris /(i)ʁi/ || -res /ʁ/
|-
|-
| 3SG || - (radical) || kalûa /kaɾa/
| 3SG || -(i)rat /(i)ʁa/ || -ret /ʁ/
|-
|-
| 1PL || -cÿcq /sɛsʃ/ || kalûacÿcq /kaɾasɛsʃ/
| 1PL || -aros /aʁo/ || -ttre /tʁ/
|-
|-
| 2PL || -tts /t/ || kalûatts /kaɾat/
| 2PL || -aris /aʁi/ || -ttres /tʁ/
|-
|-
| 3PL || -me /mə/ || kalûame /kaɾamə/
| 3PL || -arat /aʁa/ || -ttret /tʁ/
|-
|-
| 2POLITE || -i /i/ || kalûai /kaɾai/
| 2POLITE || -(i)rae /(i)ʁɛ/ ; -arae /-aʁɛ/|| -rez /ʁ/ -ttrez /tʁ/
|}
|}
The so-called "retrospective future" (future perfect) is built analytically with the auxiliary verb "to be" in the future followed by the past participle of the verb.
The so-called "proximity future" (inchoative, ''I am going to ...'', ''Je vais ...'') is built analytically with the auxiliary verb "to be" in the present, followed by the present participle of the auxiliary verb "to have", followed by the infinitive of the verb.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Indicative present of the second group : "kavaver", ''to have''
|+ Conditional present
|-
|-
! Person !! Ending !! Example
! Person !! Consonant ending !! Vowel ending
|-
|-
| 1SG || - (radical) || kav /kav/
| 1SG || -(i)rios /(i)ʁjo/ || -red /ʁ/
|-
|-
| 2SG || -s (unpronounced) || kavavs /kavav/
| 2SG || -(i)riis /(i)ʁji/ || -reds /ʁ/
|-
|-
| 3SG || - (radical) || kavav /kavav/
| 3SG || -(i)riat /(i)ʁja/ || -redt /ʁ/
|-
|-
| 1PL || -m /m/ || kavavm /kavavm/
| 1PL || -arios /aʁjo/ || -ttre /tʁ/
|-
|-
| 2PL || -ês /ja/ || kavavês /kavavja/
| 2PL || -ariis /aʁji/ || -ttreds /tʁ/
|-
|-
| 3PL || -n /n/ || kavavn /kavavn/
| 3PL || -ariat /aʁja/ || -ttredt /tʁ/
|-
|-
| 2POLITE || -i /i/ || kavi /kavi/
| 2POLITE || -(i)riae /(i)ʁjɛ/ ; -ariae /aʁjɛ/ || -redz /ʁɛ/ ; -ttredz /tʁɛ/
|}
|}
Note : the first and seventh persons are irregular in this case.


The verb kalûaë, being a high frequency verb, also has contracted, less formal forms :
The conditional past is built analytically with the auxiliary verb "to have" in the present conditional followed with the past participle of the verb.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Imperative
|-
! Person !! Consonant ending !! Vowel ending
|-
| 1SG || -e / / || -e / /
|-
| 2SG || -e / / || -e / /
|-
| 3SG || - / / || - / /
|-
| 1PL || -ae /a/ /j/ || -ae /a/
|-
| 2PL || -ae /a/ || -ae /a/
|-
| 3PL || -a /a/ || -a /a/
|}
There is no imperative form for the person of politeness.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Informal indicative present of kalûaë, "to be"
|+ Absolute
|-
|-
! Person !! Kalûaë
! Person !! Consonant ending !! Vowel ending
|-
|-
| 1SG || kaqni /kaʃni/  
| 1SG || -ha /ha/ || -h /h/ (or unpronounced ?)
|-
|-
| 2SG || kaqniî /kaʃnij/  
| 2SG || -ex /əθ/ || -x /θ/
|-
|-
| 3SG || kaq /kaʃ/  
| 3SG || -etû /ət̚/ || -tû /t̚/
|-
|-
| 1PL || kacÿcq /kasɛsʃ/  
| 1PL || -epħ /əf/ || -îfè /ɸɛ/
|-
|-
| 2PL || katts /kat/  
| 2PL || -ebħ /əv/ || -îvè /βɛ/
|-
|-
| 3PL || kame /kamə/  
| 3PL || -edû /əd̚/ || -dû /d̚/
|-
|-
| 2POLITE || kai /kai/  
| 2POLITE || -èîq /ɛɧ̙ʷ/ || -îq /ɧ̙ʷ/
|}
|}


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