Middle Tevvic: Difference between revisions
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The various aspects are formed through different endings, though they all share a common pattern. | The various aspects are formed through different endings, though they all share a common pattern. | ||
*perfective: | *perfective: -{{lang|mtev|(अ/इ)}}{{l|mtev|-ण्|ण्|tr=-(a/i)ṇ}} | ||
*progressive: {{l|mtev|-नण्}} | *progressive: {{l|mtev|-नण्}} | ||
*habitual: {{l|mtev|-जिण्}} | *habitual: {{l|mtev|-जिण्}} | ||
*causative: {{l|mtev|- | *causative: -{{lang|mtev|(अ)}}{{l|mtev|-यण्|यण्|tr=-(a)yaṇ}} (earlier {{l|mtev|-ऐण्}}) | ||
The tense endings attach directly to the aspect endings, with the exception of the present and the conditional. The various tense endings are: | The tense endings attach directly to the aspect endings, with the exception of the present and the conditional. The various tense endings are: | ||
*present: | *present: {{l|mtev|-अ}} | ||
*past: {{l|mtev|-एधण्}} | *past: {{l|mtev|-एधण्}} | ||
*future: {{l|mtev|-शण्}} | *future: -{{lang|mtev|(अ)}}{{l|mtev|-शण्|शण्|tr=-(a)śaṇ}} | ||
*conditional: formed from the past tense plus the so-called "augment" {{l|tevo|अ-}}, a borrowing from Sanskrit, thus {{lang|mtev|अफथण्}} ({{xlit|mtev|अफैथण्}}) | *conditional: formed from the past tense plus the so-called "augment" {{l|tevo|अ-}}, a borrowing from Sanskrit, thus {{lang|mtev|अफथण्}} ({{xlit|mtev|अफैथण्}}) | ||
There exists two moods (the conditional being grammatically treated as a tense): | There exists two moods (the conditional being grammatically treated as a tense): | ||
*The indicative, which is the basic form of almost all verbs (though some only exist in the subjunctive) | *The indicative, which is the basic form of almost all verbs (though some only exist in the subjunctive) | ||
*The subjunctive, also variously called the optative or the desiderative, is formed by | *The subjunctive, also variously called the optative or the desiderative, is formed by modifying other suffixes: | ||
**present: {{l|mtev|-य}} | |||
**past: {{l|mtev|-एधि}} | |||
**future: -{{lang|mtev|(अ)}}{{l|mtev|-शि|शि|tr=-(a)śa}} | |||
There are two voices, the (medio)passive being marked with {{l|mtev|-श्}}. | There are two voices, the (medio)passive being marked with {{l|mtev|-श्}}. | ||