Bearlandic: Difference between revisions
Dē Graut Bʉr (talk | contribs) (→Verbs) |
Dē Graut Bʉr (talk | contribs) (→Vowels) |
||
| Line 114: | Line 114: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Close | ! style="" |Close | ||
| i y | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | u | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Near-close | ! style="" |Near-close | ||
| | | | ||
| | | ɪ ʏ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 128: | Line 128: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Close-mid | ! style="" |Close-mid | ||
| e | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | o | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Mid | ! style="" |Mid | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | ə | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Open-mid | ! style="" |Open-mid | ||
| ɛ œ | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | ɔ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Near-open | ! style="" |Near-open | ||
| Line 156: | Line 156: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="" |Open | ! style="" |Open | ||
| a | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | ɑ | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | <!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. --> | ||
Revision as of 15:27, 30 May 2013
Background
Bearlandic is one of many languages of the planet which is called Virrolt in Bearlandic. The language belongs to the Berilonian language family, which in its turn is a branch of the Iropo-Antilonian language family.
Phonology
Consonants
| Bilabial | Labio-dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | ||||
| Plosive | p b | t d | k kw | ||||
| Fricative | f v | s z | (ʃ) | (ç) | x ɣ | h | |
| Approximant | ʋ | j | |||||
| Trill | r | ||||||
| Lateral app. | l |
In specific circumstances, some dialects use /ʃ/ and /ç/ instead of /s/ and /x, ɣ/.
Vowels
| Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i y | u | |||
| Near-close | ɪ ʏ | ||||
| Close-mid | e | o | |||
| Mid | ə | ||||
| Open-mid | ɛ œ | ɔ | |||
| Near-open | |||||
| Open | a | ɑ |
Phonotactics
Orthography
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns don't have cases or genders, only numbers. The plural is usually made by adding -s to the end of the word. If it already ends in -s, -enn is added instead. However, a few nouns don't follow these rules and add -er instead, or don't change at all.
Adjectives
The comparative is formed by adding -err to the end of the adjective, while the superlative ends in -iss. If the adjective ends in a vowel, a -t- is inserted between the stem and the ending.
Verbs
Regular verbs
| "walk" | "shoot" | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | lop | sgit |
| Past | lop-ti | sgit-i |
| Perfect | gi-lop-t | gi-sgit |
| Byform | lop-ē | sgit-ē |
| Present participle | lop-nē | sgit-nē |
| Past participle | gi-lop-t-nē | gi-sgit-nē |
Unfortunately, I don't know how the byform is called in English.
Pronouns
| Number | Person | Subject | Object/Reflexive | Possessive |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | 1st | ig | mi | miess |
| 2nd | ji | ji | jiess | |
| 3rd masculine | hi | emm, zigg | hiess | |
| 3rd feminine | zē | zy, zigg | zess | |
| 3rd neuter | dē | dē, zigg | dess | |
| Plural | 1st | wi | oss | oss |
| 2nd | jis | jis | jisiss | |
| 3rd | zess | hunn, zy | hʉn |
Syntax
Bearlandic normally has a SVO word order, but questions have a VSO order.
Sample
Dē fillgikentnē mann hermakti miess aut enn itig mojj bot nat dē pabrúr oss a stoppig mys dē oss pegging oss a aut zworrt zwart gisgat haptē.
The well-known man repaired my old and quite beautiful boat after a stupid girl's uncle by accident had damaged it with an old black sword.