Alvinian: Difference between revisions

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===Personal Pronouns===
===Personal Pronouns===
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===Verbs===
====Subject Clitics====
Alvinian doesn't have any agreement morphology realised on the verb, that's why it developed a second serie of subject pronouns, which are clitic elements derived from full personal pronouns. These elements function only as markers of the agreement with the subject, and they are obligatorily realised in a sentence with a verb.
These subject clitics follow the Wackernagel law: because of their weak phonological nature, they always have to be found in the second phonological position in the sentence.
Subject Clitics are not inflected for case, since they always encode the relation of agreement with the subject, but they inflect for '''person''', '''number''' (''singular, dual, plural'') and the 3rd persons are also inflected for '''gender''' (''masculine, feminine, neuter)''.
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 500px; "
!1S
!2S
!3Sm
!3Sf
!3Sn
!1D
!2D
!3D
!1P
!2P
!3Pm
!3Pf
!3Pn
|-
|Me
|Te
|El
|La
|Lo
|Na
|Va
|La
|Ne
|Ve
|Li
|Le
|Lą
|-
|}
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<!-- How do the words in your language look? How do you derive words from others? Do you have cases? Are verbs inflected? Do nouns differ from adjectives? Do adjectives differ from verbs? Etc. -->


Revision as of 18:21, 24 December 2017

Alvinian
Алвини Език, Alvini Ezik
Created byAlbertVen
Indo-European
  • Slavic
    • Southern Slavic
      • Alvinian

Introduction

Alvinian (Алвини Език, Alvini Ezik) is a Southern Slavic language based on Old Slovene, which has been significantly influenced by Venetan, an Italo-Romance language spoken in North-Eastern Italy, and other Slavic languages, especially Serbian and Russian.


Alphabet

Alvinian uses both Cyrillic and Latin script. The alphabets have an equal status, although latin is usually preferred in informal texts, while cyrillic is normally used in normative, scientific and official texts.

Cyrillic Latin IPA value
А а A a /a/
Б б B b /b/
В в V v /v/
Г г G g /ɡ/
Д д D d /d/
Џ џ Đ đ /dʑ/
Е е E e /ɛ/ /e/
Ж ж Ž ž /ʐ/
З з Z z /z/
И и I i /i/
Ј ј J j /ʝ/
К к K k /k/
Л л L l /l/
М м M m /m/
Н н N n /n/
О о O o /ɔ/ /о/
П п P p /p/
Р р R r /ɾ/
С с S s /s/
Т т T t /t/
У у U u /u/
Ф ф F f /f/
Х х H h /x/
Ц ц C c /ts/
Ч ч Č č /tɕ/
Ш ш Š š /ʂ/
Я я Ą ą /ɔ̃/


Morphology

Nouns

Alvinian inflects nouns for number (singular, dual, plural), gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) and case (nominative, genitive, accusative, dative). The declensions are divided into masculine, feminine and neuter.

Masculine - Ušnik (Student) Singular Dual Plural
Nominative Ušnik Ušnika Ušniki
Genitive Ušnika Ušnika Ušnikov
Accusative Ušnik Ušnika Ušnike
Dative Ušniku Ušnikam Ušnikima


Feminine - Niga (Book) Singular Dual Plural
Nominative Niga Nigi Nige
Genitive Nige Nigi Nig
Accusative Nigu Nigi Nige
Dative Nigi Nigam Nigima


Neuter - Revo (Tree) Singular Dual Plural
Nominative Revo Revi Revą
Genitive Reva Revi Rev
Accusative Revo Revi Revą
Dative Revu Revam Revima

Personal Pronouns

Alvinian personal pronouns are inflected for number (singular, dual, plural), person, case (nominative, genitive, accusative, dative) and the 3rd persons are inflected also for gender (masculine/neuter, feminine).

1S 2S 3S m,n 3S f 1D 2D 3D 1P 2P 3P m, f, n
Nom Mi Ti El, Elo Ela Naj Vaj Laj Ni Vi Eli, Ele, Elą
Gen Meg Teg Neg Ne Nas Vas Las Nih Vih Lih
Acc Men Ten Nen Nu Nas Vas Las Nih Vih Lih
Dat Mom Tom Nem Nom Nama Vama Lima Nam Vam Lim

Verbs

Subject Clitics

Alvinian doesn't have any agreement morphology realised on the verb, that's why it developed a second serie of subject pronouns, which are clitic elements derived from full personal pronouns. These elements function only as markers of the agreement with the subject, and they are obligatorily realised in a sentence with a verb. These subject clitics follow the Wackernagel law: because of their weak phonological nature, they always have to be found in the second phonological position in the sentence. Subject Clitics are not inflected for case, since they always encode the relation of agreement with the subject, but they inflect for person, number (singular, dual, plural) and the 3rd persons are also inflected for gender (masculine, feminine, neuter).

1S 2S 3Sm 3Sf 3Sn 1D 2D 3D 1P 2P 3Pm 3Pf 3Pn
Me Te El La Lo Na Va La Ne Ve Li Le Lą


Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

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