Linguifex

Brytho-Hellenic: Difference between revisions

Page Discussion

Brytho-Hellenic (view source)

Revision as of 09:17, 19 September 2013

302 bytes added ,  19 September 2013
no edit summary
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 42: Line 42:
|-
|-
|a
|a
|[a]
|[a] / [ǝ]
| -
|in unstressed syllables, above all in the last syllable, it tends to be pronounced as a schwa
|-
|-
|b
|b
Line 238: Line 238:
|}
|}


There is also the schwa sound [ǝ]. The natives don't consider it a distinct sound, though, and as it occurs specially at the end of words where it is written an ''a'', they consider it to be a true 'a'!


===Diphthongs and digraphs===
===Diphthongs and digraphs===
Line 332: Line 333:
!'''Meaning'''
!'''Meaning'''
|-
|-
!lið
!lidh
|liðø
|lidhoe
|masculine
|masculine
|stone
|stone
Line 342: Line 343:
|-
|-
!kŵr
!kŵr
|kŵræ
|kŵrae
|feminine
|feminine
|land
|land
!ŵran
!ŵran
|wranø
|wranoe
|masculine
|masculine
|sky, heaven
|sky, heaven
Line 355: Line 356:
|shoe
|shoe
!fws
!fws
|fwðas
|fwdhas
|masculine
|masculine
|light
|light
|-
|-
!sŵy
!sŵy
|sŵæ
|sŵae
|feminine
|feminine
|life
|life
!lws
!lws
|lwsæ
|lwsae
|feminine
|feminine
|language
|language
|-
|-
!þyr
!thyr
|þyras
|thyras
|masculine
|masculine
|animal
|animal
!bivyl
!bivyl
|bivlø
|bivloe
|masculine
|masculine
|book
|book
|-
|-
!ef
!ef
|afæ
|afae
|feminine
|feminine
|love
|love
!alwvik
!alwvik
|alwvikæ
|alwvikae
|masculine
|masculine
|fox
|fox
|-
|-
!køran
!koeran
|køranø
|koeranoe
|masculine
|masculine
|lord
|lord
!køren
!koeren
|køranæ
|koeranae
|feminine
|feminine
|lady
|lady
Line 400: Line 401:
|man
|man
!gunys
!gunys
|gunæ
|gunae
|feminine
|feminine
|woman
|woman
|-
|-
!pur
!pur
|purø
|puroe
|masculine
|masculine
|fire
|fire
!kefel
!kefel
|kefalæ
|kefalae
|feminine
|feminine
|head
|head
|-
|-
!tov
!tov
|tovø
|tovoe
|masculine
|masculine
|place
|place
!kron
!kron
|kronø
|kronoe
|masculine
|masculine
|time
|time
|-
|-
!oðyr
!odhyr
|oðrø
|odhroe
|masculine
|masculine
|morning
|morning
!yver
!yver
|yveræ
|yverae
|feminine
|feminine
|day
|day
|-
|-
!dyl
!dyl
|dylæ
|dylae
|feminine
|feminine
|afternoon
|afternoon
!efer
!efer
|eferæ
|eferae
|feminine
|feminine
|evening
|evening
|-
|-
!nuþ
!nuth
|nuþas
|nuthas
|feminine
|feminine
|night
|night
!hilyn
!hilyn
|hilynæ
|hilynae
|feminine
|feminine
|moon
|moon
|-
|-
!selð
!seldh
|selðø
|seldhoe
|masculine
|masculine
|priest
|priest
!silð
!sildh
|selðæ
|seldhae
|feminine
|feminine
|priestess
|priestess
Line 462: Line 463:
|masculine
|masculine
|tree
|tree
!kað
!kadh
|kaðas
|kadhas
|masculine
|masculine
|hand
|hand
Line 471: Line 472:
|masculine
|masculine
|star
|star
!omað
!omadh
|omaðas
|omadhas
|masculine
|masculine
|eye
|eye
|-
|-
!keðyð
!kedhydh
|keðyðas
|kedhydhas
|masculine
|masculine
|teacher
|teacher
!fil
!fil
|filø
|filoe
|masculine
|masculine
|friend
|friend
|-
|-
!eþyr
!ethyr
|eþrø
|ethroe
|masculine
|masculine
|enemy
|enemy
!eðær
!edhaer
|eðærø
|edhaeroe
|masculine
|masculine
|lover
|lover
|-
|-
!kuwn
!kuwn
|kunø
|kunoe
|masculine
|masculine
|dog
|dog
!kom
!kom
|komø
|komoe
|masculine
|masculine
|world
|world
Line 518: Line 519:
!derwen
!derwen
|darwen
|darwen
|darwenæ
|darwenae
|feminine
|feminine
|oak
|oak
|-
|-
!derwydd
!derwydd
|darwyð
|darwydh
|darwyðas
|darwydhas
|masculine
|masculine
|priest, magician, druid
|priest, magician, druid
Line 530: Line 531:
!bryn
!bryn
|bryn
|bryn
|brynæ
|brynae
|feminine
|feminine
|hill
|hill
Line 536: Line 537:
!nifwl
!nifwl
|nivwl
|nivwl
|nivlø
|nivloe
|masculine
|masculine
|mist, fog
|mist, fog
Line 542: Line 543:
!llyn
!llyn
|lyn
|lyn
|lynø
|lynoe
|masculine
|masculine
|lake
|lake
|-
|-
!gwellt
!gwellt
|gwelð
|gweldh
|gwelðas
|gweldhas
|feminine
|feminine
|grass
|grass
|-
|-
!ofydd
!ofydd
|ovyð
|ovydh
|ovyðas
|ovydhas
|masculine
|masculine
|ovate
|ovate
Line 566: Line 567:
!awen
!awen
|awen
|awen
|awenæ
|awenae
|feminine
|feminine
|inspiration
|inspiration
|-
|-
!bleydh
!bleydh
|bleuð
|bleudh
|bleuðas
|bleudhas
|masculine
|masculine
|wolf
|wolf
|-
|-
!lowarth
!lowarth
|lowarþ
|lowarth
|lowarþas
|lowarthas
|feminine
|feminine
|paradise
|paradise
Line 584: Line 585:
!calon
!calon
|kalen
|kalen
|kalenæ
|kalenae
|feminine
|feminine
|heart
|heart
|}
|}


Some words have a counterpart whose meaning has shifted: from the Greek ''ουάτις'', a word mentioned by Strabo and of Proto-Celtic origin (*''vatis''), comes '''gweð''', "astute person" < "one who can predict the moves of enemies" < "soothsayer". From the same root comes of course the Brythonic word ''ofydd'', that has been taken as loan once the Greeks reached Great Britain.
Some words have a counterpart whose meaning has shifted: from the Greek ''ουάτις'', a word mentioned by Strabo and of Proto-Celtic origin (*''vatis''), comes '''gwedh''', "astute person" < "one who can predict the moves of enemies" < "soothsayer". From the same root comes of course the Brythonic word ''ofydd'', that has been taken as loan once the Greeks reached Great Britain.
Another example is the word '''bard''', that has substituted the Ancient Greek ''ἀοιδός'', whose descendant, '''awid''', has got the meaning of "artist".
Another example is the word '''bard''', that has substituted the Ancient Greek ''ἀοιδός'', whose descendant, '''awid''', has got the meaning of "artist".
Even the word '''awen''' has substituted another Greek word, '''dævon''' < *''δαιμόνος'' < ''δαιμόνιον'', that now has the meaning of "puck, spirit"; the plural '''Awenæ''' is also used to mean '''Mwsæ''', plural of '''Mws''' < ''Mοῦσα'', "Muse".
Even the word '''awen''' has substituted another Greek word, '''daevon''' < *''δαιμόνος'' < ''δαιμόνιον'', that now has the meaning of "puck, spirit"; the plural '''Awenae''' is also used to mean '''Mwsae''', plural of '''Mws''' < ''Mοῦσα'', "Muse".


====Formation of feminine====
====Formation of feminine====
Line 598: Line 599:
Mostly the feminine form of such nouns come from the masculine one by adding some suffixes:
Mostly the feminine form of such nouns come from the masculine one by adding some suffixes:


* '''-yr''' (pl. ''-(y)ræ''), mostly added to masculine nouns ending with ''-yð'' and denoting agent, ex.: '''melbyð''' (= "singer") > '''melbyðyr''' (plural: ''melbyðræ'');
* '''-yr''' (pl. ''-(y)rae''), mostly added to masculine nouns ending with ''-ydh'' and denoting agent, ex.: '''melbydh''' (= "singer") > '''melbydhyr''' (plural: ''melbydhrae'');
* '''-en''' (pl. ''-anæ''), added to many nouns, ex.: '''eþyr''' > '''eþren''' (plural: ''eþranæ''); '''fil''' > '''filen''' (plural: ''filanæ'');
* '''-en''' (pl. ''-anae''), added to many nouns, ex.: '''ethyr''' > '''ethren''' (plural: ''ethranae''); '''fil''' > '''filen''' (plural: ''filanae'');
* '''-e-''' (pl. ''-a-æ''), that replaces the ending ''a + consonant'' of many masculine nouns, ex.: '''elaf''' (= "deer") > '''elef''' (plural: ''elafæ''); '''maw''' (= "sorcerer") > '''mew''' (= "witch") (plural: ''mawæ'').
* '''-e-''' (pl. ''-a-ae''), that replaces the ending ''a + consonant'' of many masculine nouns, ex.: '''elaf''' (= "deer") > '''elef''' (plural: ''elafae''); '''maw''' (= "sorcerer") > '''mew''' (= "witch") (plural: ''mawae'').


Sometimes the feminine form is obtained by changing the last vowel, ex.: '''selð''' > '''silð''' (plural: ''selðæ'').
Sometimes the feminine form is obtained by changing the last vowel, ex.: '''seldh''' > '''sildh''' (plural: ''seldhae'').


===Articles===
===Articles===
Llyn
886

edits

Retrieved from "https://linguifex.com/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/12661"