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Riagi: Difference between revisions
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Its phonology is inspired by the descriptions of the Eloi language given in the book of The Time Machine and by Polynesian languages such as Maori and Hawaiian, likewise, the script it uses is vaguely derived from the Rongorongo inscription found in Easter Island and by Javanese and its parent Old Kawi. | Its phonology is inspired by the descriptions of the Eloi language given in the book of The Time Machine and by Polynesian languages such as Maori and Hawaiian, likewise, the script it uses is vaguely derived from the Rongorongo inscription found in Easter Island and by Javanese and its parent Old Kawi. | ||
Its grammar is not directly derived from any one language, instead is a mix of grammatical features meant to give it a unique feel. It’s a language focused on the reasons behind actions and their context rather than in actions themselves | Its grammar is not directly derived from any one language, instead is a mix of grammatical features meant to give it a unique feel. It’s a language focused on the reasons behind actions and their context rather than in actions themselves. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! '''Nasal''' | ! '''Nasal''' | ||
| /m/ | | /m/ | ||
| /n/ | | /n/ | ||
| - | | - | ||
| /ŋ/ | | /ŋ/ | ||
| - | | - | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Stop''' | ! '''Stop''' | ||
| /p/ | | /p pː/ | ||
| /t/ | | /t tː/ | ||
| - | | - | ||
| /k/ | | /k kː/ | ||
| /ʔ/ | | /ʔ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Fricative''' | ! '''Fricative''' | ||
| colspan="2" | /f/ ~ /ʃ/ | | colspan="2" | /f/ ~ /ʃ/ | ||
| - | | - | ||
| - | | - | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! '''Approximant''' | ! '''Approximant''' | ||
| colspan="2" | /β/ ~ /ð/ | | colspan="2" | /β/ ~ /ð/ | ||
| /j/ | | /j/ | ||
| /ɰ/ | | /ɰ/ | ||
| /h/ | | /h/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Flap''' | ! '''Flap''' | ||
| - | | - | ||
| /ɾ/ | | /ɾ/ | ||
| - | | - | ||
| - | | - | ||
| - | | - | ||
|} | |} | ||
Riagi has a wide range of free variation, the labio-alveolar voiceless fricative, being the only fricative in the inventory, has free variation between [ɸ], [f], [θ], [s] and [ʃ]. Similarly, the labio-alveolar voiced approximant has free variation between [β], [ʋ] and [ð]. And because Riagi has no voiced fricatives of any sort, all voiced approximants can be 'correctly' pronounced as their voiced fricatives equivalents. | |||
==== ''Gemination'' ==== | |||
Phonemic gemination is only found in Riagi in the voiceless stops /p/, /t/ and /k/. | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! '''Close''' | ! '''Close''' | ||
| /i iː/ | | /i iː/ | ||
| /u uː/ | | /u uː/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Close-mid''' | ! '''Close-mid''' | ||
| /e eː/ | | /e eː/ | ||
| /o oː/ | | /o oː/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Open''' | ! '''Open''' | ||
| /a aː/ | | /a aː/ | ||
| - | | - | ||
|} | |} | ||
====Long vowels==== | |||
Unlike consonants, vowel elongation is found in all vowels | |||
====Diphthongs==== | ====Diphthongs==== | ||
Short diphthongs are formed by a central or back vowel followed by an equal or closer vowel: /ae/, /ao/, /ai/, /au/, /oe/, /oi/, /ou/, /ui/ | |||
/ae ao ai au oe oi ou ui | |||
Long diphthongs are formed by a long vowel followed by /a/: /eːa/, /oːa/, /iːa/, /uːa/ | |||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
The syllable structure in Riagi is quite simple, it consists of an optional onset consonant followed by a vowel or diphthong, or (C)V(V). | |||
===Stress=== | |||
Riagi has a predictable stress that falls on the penultimate syllable, irregular words (often loanwords) have their stressed syllable marked by an acute diacritic on the last vowel. | |||
=== Romanization === | |||
* /m/ → {{angbr|m}} | |||
* /n/ → {{angbr|n}} | |||
* /ŋ/ → {{angbr|ng}} | |||
* /p/ → {{angbr|p}} | |||
* /pː/ → {{angbr|pp}} | |||
* /t/ → {{angbr|t}} | |||
* /tː/ → {{angbr|tt}} | |||
* /k/ → {{angbr|k}} | |||
* /kː/ → {{angbr|kk}} | |||
* /ʔ/ → {{angbr| ' }} | |||
* /f/ ~ /ʃ/ → {{angbr|s}} | |||
* /β/ ~ /ð/ → {{angbr|v}} | |||
* /j/ → {{angbr|j}} | |||
* /ɰ/ → {{angbr|g}} | |||
* /h/ → {{angbr|h}} | |||
* /r/ → {{angbr|r}} | |||
* /a/ → {{angbr|a}} | |||
* /aː/ → {{angbr|ä, ā}} | |||
* /e/ → {{angbr|e}} | |||
* /eː/ → {{angbr|ë, ē}} | |||
* /i/ → {{angbr|i}} | |||
* /iː/ → {{angbr|ï, ī}} | |||
* /o/ → {{angbr|o}} | |||
* /oː/ → {{angbr|ö, ō}} | |||
* /u/ → {{angbr|u}} | |||
* /uː/ → {{angbr|ü, ū}} | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
=== Verbs === | === Verbs === | ||