Manmino: Difference between revisions

* Valency

** Causative ''hi'' changes the verb so that the subject is no longer doing the verb to themselves, but causing another target to do the verb.

* Polite ''si'' is one way a Manmino speaker can show reverence to the subject.

* Tense-Aspect

** Perfect ''le'' marks a verb as an action that has been already completed (usually in the past)

** Prospective ''kalu'' marks a verb as an action that is yet to occur, either because it is a hypothetical or it is an action to take place in the future. In formal linguistics, this is referred to as irrealis.

** In Manmino, tense and aspect are not strongly distinguished in isolation. However, when these particles are stacked, the first particle marks aspect, and the second particle marks tense.

* Mood

** Interrogative ''ka'' marks a sentence as a strong question

** Suggestive ''ne'' marks a sentence as a weak question or a suggestion.

* Vowels

** Diphthongs are preserved.

** Final vowel can be dropped if legal in Manmino.

* Consonants in general

** Consonants do not go through Sanskrit to Pali consonant gemination unless necessary to be legal in Manmino pholology.

** In consonant clusters, voiced consonants are to go through devoicing before attempting to proceed further with Pali simplification. For example, “udvigna” would become “utwikna” in Manmino, not “ubiga”

* Nasals

** /m/ becomes /w/ if needed to preserve another consonant.

** The nominative marker “-n” is dropped in Manmino.

* Fricatives

** /j/ and /c/ followed by another consonant gain a vowel /i/ after itself.

** All Sanskrit sibilants in consonant clusters are considered to be /s/.

** All Sanskrit fricatives followed by another consonant and not part of one of the above cases are dropped.

* Liquids

** Invervocalic Sanskrit /ṛ/ goes to /a/, /i/, or /u/ depending on the following vowel.

** All Sanskrit liquids are dropped when between a preceding consonant and a vowel.

* Latin ''-Vs'' suffixes (with "V" standing in for any vowel) go to ''-i'', and if the vowel can be dropped legally in Manmino, it is dropped. The following are a few examples:

** Latin suffix ''-bilis'' (English "-ble") goes to ''-bili''.

** Latin suffix ''-eus'' (English "-eous") goes to ''-i''.

In Manmino, numbers are used to mark abstract value, quantities, or place in a list (ordinal numbers). Abstract values are expressed either in their isolated Sanskrit form (for numbers 0-10) or as a compound formed from Sinitic roots (any other numbers). Quantities are expressed the same way, but they must be followed by a counter word, and then a ''-ji'' to associate it to a noun. The counter ''hway'' is used for the amount of an action, ''gay'' is used for countable inanimate nouns, ''dow'' is used for animals, and ''meng'' is used for people. Ordinal numbers use ''ban''.

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