Aol/Nouns

Gender

Gender in Aol pertains to how nouns are declined and gender agreement for articles. Gender of a noun is defined by the vowel of the final syllable.

Neuter	Common
i, y, e, o	e, a, u

Root Form

The definition of the Aol "root form" is the nominative singular form.

Plural Forms

Regular Plurals

Regular plural formation is used for the majority of words in Aol and is used for all words who have multiple syllables in their root form. The -c suffix is used for nouns ending in vowels and the -Vc suffix is used for nouns ending in consonants. For the -Vc suffix, the vowel depends on the gender of the noun.

-Vc Vowels:

• Neuter "i, o, y, e"
• Common "a, u, e"

Examples:
fjag "animal" > fjagec "animals"
aryn "star" > arynyc "stars"
anad "gift" > anadac "gifts"
aga "eye" > agac "eyes"
esk "cube" > eskyc "cubes"

Ablaut Plurals

Ablaut plurals are a much smaller subset of nouns. All ablaut plurals have a single syllable in their root form but not all single syllable root nouns are ablaut plurals.

• o > e
• a > y
• e > ei, ai

Examples:
sar "island" > syr "islands"
ðeg "book" > ðeig "books"
ghoþ "scripture" > gheþ "scriptures"
kek "place" > kaik "places"

Article Agreement
Note that the gender of the plural form is the same as the root form.

Mass Plurals

Mass plurals are formed by adding the -fen suffix to the root form of the noun.

Examples:
vadas "body of water" -> vadasfen "waters"
del "wind gust" -> delfen "wind"

Pronouns

Pronouns
Person	Neuter	Common
First Person	jan	jana
Second Person	gas	gasa
Third Person	eð	eða

Cases

Basic Cases

Class of Case	Case	English Approximation	Neuter				Common
			Neuter I	Neuter II	Neuter III	Neuter IV	Common I	Common II
Grammatical	Nominative	cat	ao	dor	ðel	ges	elð	vadas
	Accusative	cat	aor	doror	ðeleir	geser	elður	vadaser
Non-Grammatical	Dative	for/because of the cat	aos	doros	ðeleis	geses	elðus	vadases
	Malefactive	against/opposed to the cat	aomo	dormo	ðelem	gesm	elðem	vadasm
	Adverbial	cattily	aogo	dorgo	ðeleg	gesk	elðk	vadask
	Vocative	O Cat	aogho	dorgho	ðelegh	gesgh	elðgh	vadasgh
	Contrastive	as compared to the cat	aodo	dordo	ðeled	gest	elðt	vadast
	Genitive	of cat/about cat/cat's	aoð	doroð	ðeleið	geseð	elðuð	vadaseð

Oblique

Class of Case	Case	English Approximation	Neuter				Common
			Neuter I	Neuter II	Neuter III	Neuter IV	Common I	Common II
Oblique	Translative	to being a cat	aodos	dordos	ðeledes	gesdes	elðedes	vadasdes
	Exessive	from being a cat	aodoso	dordoso	ðeledese	gesdes	elðedes	vadasdes
	Essive	as being a cat/like a cat	aodosso	dordosso	ðeledess	gesdess	elðedess	vadasdess
	Instrumental	by use of the cat/with cat	aogho	dorgho	ðelegh	gesgh	elðegh	vadasgh
	Prolative	by way of the cat	aologh	dorlogh	ðelelegh	geslegh	elðelegh	vadaslegh

Locative

Class of Case	Case	English Approximation	Neuter				Common
			Neuter I	Neuter II	Neuter III	Neuter IV	Common I	Common II
Internal Locative	Inessive	inside the cat	aolo	dorolo	ðeleil	gesel	elðul	vadasel
	Hyperessive	deep inside the cat	aollo	dorollo	ðeleill	gesell	elðull	vadasell
	Illative	into the cat	aono	dorono	ðelein	gesen	elðun	vadasen
	Hyperlative	deep into the cat	aonno	doronno	ðeleinn	gesenn	elðunn	vadasenn
	Elative	from inside the cat	aolon	dorolon	ðeleilen	geselen	elðulen	vadaselen
	Hyper-elative	from deep inside the cat	aollon	dorollon	ðeleillen	gesellen	elðullen	vadasellen
	Hyperlative	all throughout the cat	aopo	doropo	ðeleip	gesep	elðup	vadasep
	Perlative	through the cat	aobo	dorbo	ðelep	gesp	elðeb	vatasp
Traversal Locative	Lative	towards the cat, catbound	aofon	dorfon	ðelefen	gesfen	elðefen	vadasfen
	Superlative	onto the cat	aojo	dorjo	ðelei	gesi	elðei	vadasi
	Prosecutive	along the cat	aovon	dorvon	ðeleven	gesven	elðeven	vadasven
	Terminative	until the cat (is reached)	aoþo	dorþo	ðeleþ	gesþ	elðeþ	vadasþ
Exodal Locative	Ablative	away from the cat	aoðoþ	dorðoþ	ðeleðeþ	gesðeþ	elðeðeþ	vadasðeþ
	Antessive	far from the cat	aogo	dorgo	ðelen	gesn	elðen	vadasn
	Delative	off/down from the cat	aoco	dorco	ðelec	gesc	elðec	vadasc
	Eblative	(sourced) from the cat	aovod	dorvod	ðeleved	gesved	elðeved	vadasved
Relational Locative	Superessive	on (top of) the cat	aojo	dorjo	ðelei	kesi	eldei	vatasi
	Supraessive	above/over the cat	aonod	dornod	ðelened	gesned	elðened	vadasned
	Comitative	(together) with the cat	aosod	dorsod	ðelesed	gessed	elðesed	vadassed
	Pertingent	touching/adjacent to the cat	aobo	dorbo	ðeleb	gesp	elðeb	vadasp
	Apudessive	next to/beside the cat	aoðoð	dorðoð	ðeleðeð	gesðeð	elðeðeð	vadasðeð
	Enclosive	on either side of the cat	aoþor	dorþor	ðeleþer	gesþer	elðeþer	vadasþer
	Forbative	in front of the cat	aoþo	dorþo	ðeleþ	gesþ	elðeþ	vadasþ
	Locative	nearby/not far from the cat	aonoþ	dornoþ	ðeleneþ	gesneþ	elðeneþ	vadasneþ
	Bative	behind the cat	aovog	dorvog	ðeleveg	gesveg	elðeveg	vadasveg
	Transversive	beyond the cat	aovoj	dorvoj	ðelevei	gesvei	elðevi	vadasvi
	Circumfrentive	surrounded by cat	aojor	dorjor	ðelejer	gesjer	elðejer	vadasjer
	Situative	wrapped in cat	aorog	dorrog	ðelereg	gesreg	elðereg	vadasreg
	Abessive	without the cat	aolor	dorlor	ðeleler	gesler	elðeler	vadasler
	Intrative	between the cat	aocog	dorcog	ðeleceg	gesceg	elðeceg	vadasceg
	Subessive	under the cat	aolom	dorlom	ðelelem	geslem	elðelem	vadaslem