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| '''NB.''' Superscript <sup>L</sup> = lenition of the following consonant, <sup>N</sup> = eclipsis, <sup>D</sup> = following consonant is dageshed. | | '''NB.''' Superscript <sup>L</sup> = lenition of the following consonant, <sup>N</sup> = eclipsis, <sup>D</sup> = following consonant is dageshed. |
| ===Nouns and Adjectives=== | | ===Nouns and Adjectives=== |
| :''See also: [[Netagin/Declension patterns]].''
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| Nouns and adjectives are inflected for number (singular, paucal and plural), gender (animate, honorific, inanimate and abstract; historically the latter two, being somewhat arbitrary with respect to abstract nouns, had been dubbed "masculine" and "feminine" after the Semitic genders they resemble), and four cases.
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| The mutations that accompany the words only affect other words in the same prosodic phrase or between words of a modifier-modified relationship.
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| ====Declensions with sound plurals====
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| Animate plurals are typically sound (concatenative), while inanimate sound plurals are typically adjectives (and their nounless forms derived from them via the prefix m- if they don't have it already) and abstract/honorifics.
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="4" | Animate declension: ''qinnáth'' ('stranger')
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Paucal !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
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| |-
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| ! Direct
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| | ''qinnáth'' || ''qinnáthú'' || ''qinnátháˀ''
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| |-
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| ! Genitive
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| | ''qinnáthím''<sup>N</sup> || ''qinnáthann''<sup>L</sup> || ''qinnáthín''<sup>N</sup>
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| |-
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| ! Instrumental
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| | ''qinnáthámh'' || ''qinnátháigh'' || ''qinnáthígháˀ''<sup>L</sup>
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| |-
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| ! Locative
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| | ''qinnáthámh'' || ''qinnáthéim''<sup>N</sup> || ''qinnáthán''
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| |}
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="4" | Inanimate declension: ''yáréph'' ('wheel')
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Paucal !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
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| |-
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| ! Direct
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| | ''yáréph''<sup>N</sup> || ''yiréphú''|| ''yirépháˀ''
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| |-
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| ! Genitive
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| | ''yiréphí''<sup>L</sup> || ''yiréphann''<sup>L</sup> || ''yiréphái''<sup>N</sup>
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| |-
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| ! Instrumental
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| | ''yiréphégh''<sup>N</sup> || ''yirépháigh'' || ''yiréphgháˀ''<sup>L</sup>
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| |-
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| ! Locative
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| | ''yiréphín'' || ''yiréphéim''<sup>N</sup> || ''yiréphán''
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| |}
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible " style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
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| ! colspan="4" | Uncountable/honorific declension: ''ˀimáˀ'' ('mother')
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| |-
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| ! style="width: 100px;" | Case !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Paucal !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
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| |-
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| ! Direct
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| | ''ˀimáˀ''(<sup>N</sup> if abstract) || ''ˀimáthéi'' || ''ˀimónáˀ''
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| |-
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| ! Genitive
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| | ''ˀimath''<sup>N</sup> || ''ˀimáthann''<sup>L</sup> || ''ˀimónái''<sup>N</sup>
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| |-
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| ! Instrumental
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| | ''ˀimáthégh''<sup>N</sup> || ''ˀimátháigh'' || ''ˀimóncháˀ''<sup>L</sup>
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| |-
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| ! Locative
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| | ''ˀimáthín'' || ''ˀimáthéim''<sup>N</sup> || ''ˀimónín''
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| |}
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| ====Declensions with broken plurals====
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| Broken plurals are nonconcatenative plurals that take singular case markers (they derive diachronically from collective noun patterns). Broken plurals only occur with (mainly less animate) nouns. Unlike in [[w:Arabic language|Arabic]] broken plurals induce no irregularity in agreement.
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| {| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:500px;"
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| !colspan=3|Broken plural patterns
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| |-
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| !Singular
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| !Plural
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| !Examples
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| |-
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| |rowspan="2"|C<sub>1</sub>əC<sub>2</sub>íC<sub>3</sub>
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| |C<sub>1</sub>əC<sub>2</sub>úC<sub>3</sub>
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| |''brítz'' (language) > ''brútz''<br/>''psíph'' (vote) > ''psúph''
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| |-
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| |C<sub>1</sub>əC<sub>2</sub>óC<sub>3</sub>
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| |''fríaˁ'' (arrow, ray) > ''fróaˁ''
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| |-
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| |C<sub>1</sub><u>e</u>C<sub>2</sub>[a]C<sub>3</sub>
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| |rowspan="2"|C<sub>1</sub>əC<sub>2</sub>áC<sub>3</sub>, C<sub>1</sub>əC<sub>2</sub>éC<sub>3</sub>
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| |''śebhar'' (fish) > ''śbhár''
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| |-
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| |C<sub>1</sub><u>é</u>C<sub>2</sub>[a]C<sub>3</sub>
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| |''létzí'' (sow, contemptible person) > ''letzí''
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| |-
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| |C<sub>1</sub><u>ó</u>C<sub>2</sub>[a]C<sub>3</sub>
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| |C<sub>1</sub>oC<sub>2</sub>áC<sub>3</sub>, C<sub>1</sub>oC<sub>2</sub>éC<sub>3</sub>
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| |''nódhamh'' (sack) > ''nodhémh''
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| |-
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| |C<sub>1</sub>éC<sub>2</sub>óC<sub>3</sub>, C<sub>1</sub>éC<sub>2</sub>áC<sub>3</sub>
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| |ˀəC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>íC<sub>3</sub>, ˀəC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>úC<sub>3</sub>, ˀəC<sub>1</sub>C<sub>2</sub>áC<sub>3</sub>
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| |''céthóaˁ'' (encounter) > ''ˀechtíaˁ''<br/>''léghóaˁ'' (season) > ''ˀelgúaˁ''
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| |-
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| |C<sub>1</sub>óC<sub>2</sub>áC<sub>3</sub>
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| |C<sub>1</sub>əC<sub>2</sub>óC<sub>3</sub>áˀ<sup>N</sup>
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| |''póḥar'' (island) > ''paḥóráˀ''
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| |-
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| |C<sub>1</sub>áC<sub>2</sub>íC<sub>3</sub>
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| |ˀəC<sub>1</sub>íC<sub>2</sub>úC<sub>3</sub>
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| |''ˁáríaḥ'' (handle) > ''ˀaˁírúaḥ''
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| |-
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| |C<sub>1</sub>áC<sub>2</sub>óC<sub>3</sub>
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| |C<sub>1</sub>əC<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>éC<sub>3</sub>
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| |''páthól'' (tree) > ''pitél''
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| |-
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| |CəCCVːC
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| |CəCáCóC, CəCóCéC, CəCáCúC
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| |''tidhpór'' (grammar) > ''tadháphór''
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| |-
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| |CiCCəCáˀ
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| |CəCCóCáˀ
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| |''misratzáˀ'' (attention) > ''masrótzáˀ''
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| |}
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| ====Derivational morphology====
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| =====Patterns=====
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| *''CáCíC'': quality adjective
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| *''CúCáC'': resultative adjective
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| *''CéCóC<sup>N</sup>'': event
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| *''tiCCúC<sup>N</sup>'': event/place
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| *''tiCCáC/tiCCéC<sup>N</sup>'': instrument
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| *''maCCéC/maCCíC'': profession
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| *''tiCCáCáˀ<sup>N</sup>/tiCCéCáˀ<sup>N</sup>'': process
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| *''miCCúC<sup>N</sup>'': patient noun
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| *''miCCóC<sup>N</sup>'': resultative noun
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| *''CóCáCáˀ<sup>N</sup>'': degree/measure
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| *''CéCéiC'', ''meCaCCéiC'' (''Hebrew''): wannabe X[-er]
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| =====Affixes=====
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| *''-ón'': certain nouns, pejorative suffix
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| *''-úl'': "network"/system of things
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| *''-í, -íy-'': diminutive; person; (''Semitic'') ''nisba'' adjectival suffix
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| *''-íth<sup>N</sup>, -úth<sup>N</sup>'' (pl. ''-ínáˀ, -únáˀ'') abstract noun suffix, probably of Semitic origin
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| ===Pronouns=== | | ===Pronouns=== |