Verse:Mwail/Ryooteq: Difference between revisions

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|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|nativename = Sowaázh dasrég
|nativename = sowaár dasrég
|pronunciation= /sʊ̀wɑ̌ːɻ tɑ̀ʂɛ́k/
|pronunciation= /sʊ̀wɑ̌ːɻ tɑ̀ʂɛ́k/
|setting= Tricin
|setting= Tricin
|region = Sowaázh daSóol, in Txapoalli
|region = sowaár daSóol, in Txapoalli
|familycolor=Isolate
|familycolor=Isolate
|script={{PAGENAME}} alphabet
|script={{PAGENAME}} alphabet
|nation=Sowaázh daSóol (''de facto'')
|nation=sowaár daSóol (''de facto'')
|agency=none
|agency=none
|iso3=
|iso3=
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}}
}}


Forms of '''{{PAGENAME}}''' (English: ''soo-WAHZH''; Amísreg: ''Sowaázh da·srég'' /sʊ̀wɑ̌ːɻ tɑ̀ʂɛ́k/, gloss: Sowaázh {{sc|3pl}}-language) are the dominant languages in [[Verse:Tricin/Sóol|Sowaázh daSóol]] in [[Verse:Tricin/Txapoalli]]. Sowaázh is a non-configurational polysynthetic language with a complex verbal morphology.  
Forms of '''{{PAGENAME}}''' (English: ''soo-WAHZH''; Amísreg: ''sowaár da·srég'' /sʊ̀wɑ̌ːɻ tɑ̀ʂɛ́k/, gloss: sowaár {{sc|3pl}}-language) are the dominant languages in [[Verse:Tricin/Sóol|sowaár daSóol]] in [[Verse:Tricin/Txapoalli]]. sowaár is a non-configurational polysynthetic language with a complex verbal morphology.  


{{PAGENAME}} forms a single dialect continuum and is otherwise an isolate, though some speculate that {{PAGENAME}} is related to the [[Quame languages]].
{{PAGENAME}} forms a single dialect continuum and is otherwise an isolate, though some speculate that {{PAGENAME}} is related to the [[Quame languages]].
==External history==
==External history==
Sowaázh is made for a [[Verse:Tricin/Sóol|Japan- and Britain-inspired country]] in Tricin but is intended to be very different from Japanese or English. It is aesthetically inspired by Navajo and Hmong. Sowaázh has a wide variety of accents and dialects in a small area and a posh register associated with the upper class, and it also ablauts verbs; that's where the similarities with English end.
sowaár is made for a [[Verse:Tricin/Sóol|Japan- and Britain-inspired country]] in Tricin but is intended to be very different from Japanese or English. It is aesthetically inspired by Navajo and Hmong. sowaár has a wide variety of accents and dialects in a small area and a posh register associated with the upper class, and it also ablauts verbs; that's where the similarities with English end.


==Diglossia==
==Diglossia==
Sowaázh is strongly diglossic, with the diglossia influenced by social class. The prestige variety Amísreg (Sowaázh: /ɑtíʂɛk/ 'high language') is a direct descendant of [[Sowaázh/Classical|Classical Sowaázh]] with some reborrowing from Classical Sowaázh, and it is the standard language used in literature, formal writing, newsreading, public announcements. Amísreg plays a similar role to the RP accent in British English: most native speakers of Amísreg are people from highly educated and wealthy families. On the other end of the spectrum, the lower class speak local lects which are sometimes mutually unintelligible. Amísreg is not a static entity; it is defined as whatever the Sowaázh upper class speaks at the time.
sowaár is strongly diglossic, with the diglossia influenced by social class. The prestige variety Amísreg (sowaár: /ɑtíʂɛk/ 'high language') is a direct descendant of [[sowaár/Classical|Classical sowaár]] with some reborrowing from Classical sowaár, and it is the standard language used in literature, formal writing, newsreading, public announcements. Amísreg plays a similar role to the RP accent in British English: most native speakers of Amísreg are people from highly educated and wealthy families. On the other end of the spectrum, the lower class speak local lects which are sometimes mutually unintelligible. Amísreg is not a static entity; it is defined as whatever the sowaár upper class speaks at the time.


The diglossia is also influenced by gender: urban women are more likely than other groups to use more neutral forms and accents (i.e. closer to an abstract pseudo-Amísreg "gynelect"). Since the 1340s (fT), a greater permissiveness towards regional and "nonstandard" varieties of Sowaázh has taken hold in education. However, due to greater travel and the mass media, marked features in Sowaázh varieties have also begun to disappear. Today, a quasi-"gynelect", New Urban Sowaázh, is slowly emerging as the canonical non-posh colloquial dialect.
The diglossia is also influenced by gender: urban women are more likely than other groups to use more neutral forms and accents (i.e. closer to an abstract pseudo-Amísreg "gynelect"). Since the 1340s (fT), a greater permissiveness towards regional and "nonstandard" varieties of sowaár has taken hold in education. However, due to greater travel and the mass media, marked features in sowaár varieties have also begun to disappear. Today, a quasi-"gynelect", New Urban sowaár, is slowly emerging as the canonical non-posh colloquial dialect.


The hierarchy of lects is roughly as follows:
The hierarchy of lects is roughly as follows:
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*Working/lower class: broad local vernacular
*Working/lower class: broad local vernacular


Amísreg is the variety taught in Sowaázh schools and also the variety that is often first taught to non-natives. Though most natives are able to speak the proper language from learning it in school, they only choose to use it in certain situations, like greeting a customer, or talking to a stranger over the phone.
Amísreg is the variety taught in sowaár schools and also the variety that is often first taught to non-natives. Though most natives are able to speak the proper language from learning it in school, they only choose to use it in certain situations, like greeting a customer, or talking to a stranger over the phone.


The language encountered in Sowaázh pop culture can be much less posh, depending on the region and social class of the characters, and the target audience. The most frequently used Sowaázh varieties in pop culture are the urban middle-class lects (most creators live in or near one of the major urban centers, e.g. 'Onápaam, Jikhoó'ii, Cyamányeh). Using more unusual lects mark certain types of characters (e.g. rural lects for country hicks, broad urban lects for hypermasculine bros, a caricatured "gynelect" for ditzy teenage girls, Amísreg for posh villains, ...)
The language encountered in sowaár pop culture can be much less posh, depending on the region and social class of the characters, and the target audience. The most frequently used sowaár varieties in pop culture are the urban middle-class lects (most creators live in or near one of the major urban centers, e.g. 'Onápaam, Jikhoó'ii, Cyamányeh). Using more unusual lects mark certain types of characters (e.g. rural lects for country hicks, broad urban lects for hypermasculine bros, a caricatured "gynelect" for ditzy teenage girls, Amísreg for posh villains, ...)


==Todo==
==Todo==
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====Other notes====
====Other notes====
All consonants are long, compared to English and other Sowaázh dialects: with plain stops the hold is longer, with aspirated stops the aspiration is longer, and with affricates the frication is longer. The voice onset time of the aspirated and ejective stops is twice as long as that found in most other languages.
All consonants are long, compared to English and other sowaár dialects: with plain stops the hold is longer, with aspirated stops the aspiration is longer, and with affricates the frication is longer. The voice onset time of the aspirated and ejective stops is twice as long as that found in most other languages.


;Stops and affricates
;Stops and affricates
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Modern High {{PAGENAME}} has a two-level tone system - every word will have at least one high pitched mora but may have more than one, especially in longer words. A mora with high pitch is marked with an acute accent.
Modern High {{PAGENAME}} has a two-level tone system - every word will have at least one high pitched mora but may have more than one, especially in longer words. A mora with high pitch is marked with an acute accent.


Other Sowaázh lects have different tonal systems or none. For example, the Cyamányeh lect has no tone.
Other sowaár lects have different tonal systems or none. For example, the Cyamányeh lect has no tone.


===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===
Sowaázh allows the following initial clusters: ''sb sd sj sjh sjy sgy sg'' /sp st sts ʂtʂ ɕtɕ sc sk/.
sowaár allows the following initial clusters: ''sb sd sj sjh sjy sgy sg'' /sp st sts ʂtʂ ɕtɕ sc sk/.


===Conservative Amísreg===
===Conservative Amísreg===
In Conservative Amísreg, the '''g'''-series is realized as postvelar, and the '''gy'''-series is realized as prevelar. The vowels '''o oo''' are consistently [o o:], and '''a aa''' are less back [ä ä:] unless adjacent to '''g'''-series consonants.
In Conservative Amísreg, the '''g'''-series is realized as postvelar, and the '''gy'''-series is realized as prevelar. The vowels '''o oo''' are consistently [o o:], and '''a aa''' are less back [ä ä:] unless adjacent to '''g'''-series consonants.


Conservative Amísreg retains the Classical Sowaázh 3-tone system in a simplified form, which moderners may perceive as overdramatic.
Conservative Amísreg retains the Classical sowaár 3-tone system in a simplified form, which moderners may perceive as overdramatic.


*Classical Sowaázh: á, a, à, áa, aà, aá, aa
*Classical sowaár: á, a, à, áa, aà, aá, aa
*Conservative Amísreg: á, a, à, áa, aá, aa
*Conservative Amísreg: á, a, à, áa, aá, aa
*Modern Amísreg: á, a, áa, aá, aa
*Modern Amísreg: á, a, áa, aá, aa


==Orthography==
==Orthography==
All varieties of Sowaázh are written in the Sowaázh alphabet, which was originally developed as a phonetic notation system like the IPA. Amísreg spelling is based on Conservative Amísreg.
All varieties of sowaár are written in the sowaár alphabet, which was originally developed as a phonetic notation system like the IPA. Amísreg spelling is based on Conservative Amísreg.


*no dot: mid tone
*no dot: mid tone
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==Sandhi==
==Sandhi==
All Sowaázh lects have extensive sandhi systems. The following describes Amísreg sandhi.
All sowaár lects have extensive sandhi systems. The following describes Amísreg sandhi.
===Consonants and vowels===
===Consonants and vowels===
===Tone===
===Tone===


==Morphology==
==Morphology==
:''Main article: [[Sowaázh/Morphology]]''
:''Main article: [[sowaár/Morphology]]''
Sowaázh is strongly head-marking, like many indigenous languages of North and Central America. More information is conveyed by verbs than in most other languages. Example:
sowaár is strongly head-marking, like many indigenous languages of North and Central America. More information is conveyed by verbs than in most other languages. Example:


:'''''Sowaázh tash la'dat'oóweyin'''''
:'''''sowaár tash la'dat'oóweyin'''''
:/sʊ̀wɑ̌:ɻ tʰɑ̀ʂ lɑ̀ʔtɑ̀tʼǔ:wɛ̀jɪ̀n/
:/sʊ̀wɑ̌:ɻ tʰɑ̀ʂ lɑ̀ʔtɑ̀tʼǔ:wɛ̀jɪ̀n/
:Sowaázh da-hash la'-da-t'oó-e-in
:sowaár da-hash la'-da-t'oó-e-in
:Sowaázh 3PL.AN-for "all directions"-3PL.AN-radiate/REG-REG=NOMZ (REG = TAM for "regularly does something, as in a job")
:sowaár 3PL.AN-for "all directions"-3PL.AN-radiate/REG-REG=NOMZ (REG = TAM for "regularly does something, as in a job")
:''Sowaázh Broadcasting Corporation''
:''sowaár Broadcasting Corporation''
:Literal translation: "those who regularly send things out in all directions for the Sowaázh people"
:Literal translation: "those who regularly send things out in all directions for the sowaár people"


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
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Examples:  
Examples:  
*''lisjhógy'' /lɪ̀ʂtʂʊ́c/ = 'I love you' > ''lisjhógyin'' /lɪ̀ʂtʂʊ́cɪ̀n/ =  'the fact that I love you'
*''lisjhógy'' /lɪ̀ʂtʂʊ́c/ = 'I love you' > ''lisjhógyin'' /lɪ̀ʂtʂʊ́cɪ̀n/ =  'the fact that I love you'
*''shiilyohóokh'' = 'they pile up forming a line' > ''shiilyohóokhin'' = (a type of scale used in Sowaázh music)
*''shiilyohóokh'' = 'they pile up forming a line' > ''shiilyohóokhin'' = (a type of scale used in sowaár music)


==Vocabulary==
==Vocabulary==
Sowaázh, in addition to native words, uses many loans from Naquic and Tsimulh languages, and recently, [[Skellan]]. Borrowed words are almost all nouns.
sowaár, in addition to native words, uses many loans from Naquic and Tsimulh languages, and recently, [[Skellan]]. Borrowed words are almost all nouns.


For example:
For example:
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Iña's Moh > Íikhasmoh
Iña's Moh > Íikhasmoh


To abbreviate words, Sowaázh uses clipping.
To abbreviate words, sowaár uses clipping.
===Transliterating Skellan===
===Transliterating Skellan===
Consonants:
Consonants:
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==Study by non-native speakers==
==Study by non-native speakers==
Due to the popularity of Sowaázh pop culture across the globe, Sowaázh is commonly learned by Sowaázhophile otakus. Sowaázh is considered one of the most daunting languages for speakers of most Northern languages, due to its morphological complexity and high degree of diglossia.
Due to the popularity of sowaár pop culture across the globe, sowaár is commonly learned by sowaárophile otakus. sowaár is considered one of the most daunting languages for speakers of most Northern languages, due to its morphological complexity and high degree of diglossia.


==Poetry==
==Poetry==
Sowaázh poetry uses quantitative meters, like Sanskrit.
sowaár poetry uses quantitative meters, like Sanskrit.


(LLLLSLLSSSSSSLLSLLSLL)
(LLLLSLLSSSSSSLLSLLSLL)