Maryan Coptic: Difference between revisions

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===Orthography===
===Orthography===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:50%"
|+ Coptic Script
! Letter
! Numeric<br />value
! Name
! Transliteration
! IPA
|-
| <big>Ⲁ ⲁ</big>
| 1
| alpha, ⲁⲗⲫⲁ
| a
| [ä] ~ [äʔ]
|-
| <big>Ⲃ ⲃ</big>
| 2
| beta, ⲃⲏⲧⲁ
| b
| [β] ~ [ɸ] ~[b]
|-
| <big>Ⲅ ⲅ</big>
| 3
| gamma, ⲅⲁⲙⲙⲁ
| g
| [k]
|-
| <big>Ⲇ ⲇ</big>
| 4
| delta, ⲇⲉⲗⲧⲁ
| d
| [t]
|-
| <big>Ⲉ ⲉ</big>
| 5
| ei, ⲉⲓ
| e
| [ɛ] ~ [ɛʔ] ~ [ə]
|-
| <big>ⲋ</big>
| 6
| sou, ⲥⲟⲩ
|
|
|-
| <big>Ⳣ ⳣ</big>
|
| wau, ⳣⲁⲩ
| w
| [w]
|-
| <big>Ⲍ ⲍ</big>
| 7
| zeta, ⲍⲏⲧⲁ
| z
| [s]
|-
| <big>Ⲏ ⲏ</big>
| 8
| eta, ⲏⲧⲁ
| ē
| [eː] ~ [e]
|-
| <big>Ⲑ ⲑ</big>
| 9
| theta, ⲑⲏⲧⲁ
| tʰ
| [tʰ]
|-
| <big>Ⲓ ⲓ</big>
| 10
| iota, ⲓⲟⲧⲁ
| i
| [iː] ~ [i] ~ [ɪ] ~ [j]
|-
| <big>Ⲕ ⲕ</big>
| 20
| kappa, ⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁ
| k
| [k]
|-
| <big>Ⲗ ⲗ</big>
| 30
| laula, ⲗⲁⲩⲗⲁ
| l
| [l]
|-
| <big>Ⲙ ⲙ</big>
| 40
| me, ⲙⲉ
| m
| [m]
|-
| <big>Ⲛ ⲛ</big>
| 50
| ne, ⲛⲉ
| n
| [n] ~ [ŋ] ~ [m]
|-
| <big>Ⲝ ⲝ</big>
| 60
| ksi, ⲝⲓ
| x
| [ks]
|-
| <big>Ⲟ ⲟ</big>
| 70
| o, ⲟ
| o
| [ɔ] ~ [ɔʔ]
|-
| <big>Ⲡ ⲡ</big>
| 80
| pi, ⲡⲓ
| p
| [p]
|-
| <big>Ⲣ ⲣ</big>
| 100
| ro, ⲣⲱ
| r
| [ɾ] ~ [r]
|-
| <big>Ⲥ ⲥ</big>
| 200
| sima, ⲥⲓⲙⲁ
| s
| [s]
|-
| <big>Ⲧ ⲧ</big>
| 300
| tau, ⲧⲁⲩ
| t
| [t]
|-
| <big>Ⲩ ⲩ</big>
| 400
| u, ⲩ
| u
| [uː] ~ [u]
|-
| <big>Ⲫ ⲫ</big>
| 500
| phi, ⲫⲓ
| pʰ
| [pʰ]
|-
| <big>Ⲭ ⲭ</big>
| 600
| khi, ⲭⲓ
| kʰ
| [kʰ]
|-
| <big>Ⲯ ⲯ</big>
| 700
| psi, ⲯⲓ
| ps
| [ps]
|-
| <big>Ⲱ ⲱ</big>
| 800
| ou, ⲱⲩ
| ō
| [oː] ~ [o]
|-
| <big>Ϣ ϣ</big>
|
| shai, ϣⲁⲓ
| š
| [ʃ]
|-
| <big>Ϥ ϥ</big>
| 90
| fai, ϥⲁⲓ
| f
| [f]
|-
| <big>Ϧ ϧ</big>
|
| xai, ϧⲁⲓ
| ḫ
| [x]
|-
| <big>Ϩ ϩ</big>
|
| hore, ϩⲱⲣⲉ
| h
| [h] ~ [ɦ] ~ [ç]
|-
| <big>Ϫ ϫ</big>
|
| canga, ϫⲁⲅⲅⲁ
| c
| [t͡ʃ]
|-
| <big>Ϭ ϭ</big>
|
| chima, ϭⲓⲙⲁ
| cʰ
| [t͡ʃʰ]
|-
| <big>Ϯ ϯ</big>
|
| ti, ϯ
| ti
| [tiː] ~ [ti] ~ [tɪ]
|-
| <big>ⳕ</big>
|
| hat, ϩⲁⲧ
| '
| ∅ ~ [ʔ]
|-
| <big>ⳁ</big>
| 900
| psitshe, ⲯⲓⲧϣⲉ
|
|
|}
===Consonants===
===Consonants===



Revision as of 01:16, 30 October 2019


Maryan Coptic
ϯⲙⲩⲧⲭⲏⲙⲉ
timutkʰēme
Maryancopticflag.png
Pronunciation[/tɪˌmutˈkʰeːmə/]
Created byCastillerian
SettingEgypt
Dialects
  • Standard Maryan Coptic
  • Nahlic
  • Cholevic
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Maryan Coptic (ϯⲙⲩⲧⲭⲏⲙⲉ, tr. timutkʰēme) is an a posteriori language created by conlanger Castillerian. The initial intent of this language is to envision a modernized variant of Classical Coptic while preserving most of its grammar, vocabulary, and estimated phonology.

The first drafts of what would become the Maryan Coptic language were created in June 2017, initially called 'New Coptc' and 'Neo-Egyptian'. Early drafts detailed a modified Latin alphabet as the language's primary writing system, and its phonology more atone with modern-day Greco-Bohairic Coptic. Discontent with the language's current state, the creator redrafted all its core phonology and grammar in May 2019, along with its entire lexicon.

Phonology

Maryan Coptic's phonology bears immense resemblance to Bohairic Coptic, aside from the theory of Bohairic Coptic not retaining long vowels.

Orthography

Coptic Script
Letter Numeric
value
Name Transliteration IPA
Ⲁ ⲁ 1 alpha, ⲁⲗⲫⲁ a [ä] ~ [äʔ]
Ⲃ ⲃ 2 beta, ⲃⲏⲧⲁ b [β] ~ [ɸ] ~[b]
Ⲅ ⲅ 3 gamma, ⲅⲁⲙⲙⲁ g [k]
Ⲇ ⲇ 4 delta, ⲇⲉⲗⲧⲁ d [t]
Ⲉ ⲉ 5 ei, ⲉⲓ e [ɛ] ~ [ɛʔ] ~ [ə]
6 sou, ⲥⲟⲩ
Ⳣ ⳣ wau, ⳣⲁⲩ w [w]
Ⲍ ⲍ 7 zeta, ⲍⲏⲧⲁ z [s]
Ⲏ ⲏ 8 eta, ⲏⲧⲁ ē [eː] ~ [e]
Ⲑ ⲑ 9 theta, ⲑⲏⲧⲁ [tʰ]
Ⲓ ⲓ 10 iota, ⲓⲟⲧⲁ i [iː] ~ [i] ~ [ɪ] ~ [j]
Ⲕ ⲕ 20 kappa, ⲕⲁⲡⲡⲁ k [k]
Ⲗ ⲗ 30 laula, ⲗⲁⲩⲗⲁ l [l]
Ⲙ ⲙ 40 me, ⲙⲉ m [m]
Ⲛ ⲛ 50 ne, ⲛⲉ n [n] ~ [ŋ] ~ [m]
Ⲝ ⲝ 60 ksi, ⲝⲓ x [ks]
Ⲟ ⲟ 70 o, ⲟ o [ɔ] ~ [ɔʔ]
Ⲡ ⲡ 80 pi, ⲡⲓ p [p]
Ⲣ ⲣ 100 ro, ⲣⲱ r [ɾ] ~ [r]
Ⲥ ⲥ 200 sima, ⲥⲓⲙⲁ s [s]
Ⲧ ⲧ 300 tau, ⲧⲁⲩ t [t]
Ⲩ ⲩ 400 u, ⲩ u [uː] ~ [u]
Ⲫ ⲫ 500 phi, ⲫⲓ [pʰ]
Ⲭ ⲭ 600 khi, ⲭⲓ [kʰ]
Ⲯ ⲯ 700 psi, ⲯⲓ ps [ps]
Ⲱ ⲱ 800 ou, ⲱⲩ ō [oː] ~ [o]
Ϣ ϣ shai, ϣⲁⲓ š [ʃ]
Ϥ ϥ 90 fai, ϥⲁⲓ f [f]
Ϧ ϧ xai, ϧⲁⲓ [x]
Ϩ ϩ hore, ϩⲱⲣⲉ h [h] ~ [ɦ] ~ [ç]
Ϫ ϫ canga, ϫⲁⲅⲅⲁ c [t͡ʃ]
Ϭ ϭ chima, ϭⲓⲙⲁ [t͡ʃʰ]
Ϯ ϯ ti, ϯ ti [tiː] ~ [ti] ~ [tɪ]
hat, ϩⲁⲧ ' ∅ ~ [ʔ]
900 psitshe, ⲯⲓⲧϣⲉ

Consonants

Maryan Coptic's consonants remain the same among most Coptic dialects, even retaining the velar fricative /x/.

Consonants
Bilabial Labio-
dental
Alveolar Post-
alveolar
Palatal Labio-
velar
Velar Glottal
Nasal m n
Plosive modal p t k ʔ
aspirated
Fricative β f s ʃ x h
Affricate modal t͡ʃ
aspirated t͡ʃʰ
Approximant l j w
Flap ɾ

Vowels

The exact qualities of Bohairic Coptic's vowels remain unknown. Maryan Coptic's vowels were created largely from personal preference and some basis in Koine Greek spoken in the 1st Centiry CE.

Vowels
Front Near-front Central Back
Close i iː u uː
Near-close ɪ
Close-mid e eː o oː
Mid ə
Open-mid ɛ ɔ
Open ä
Diphthongs
IPA Script IPA Script
/aɪ/ ⲁⲓ /aʊ/ ⲁⲩ
/ɛɪ/ ⲉⲓ /ɛʊ/ ⲉⲩ
/eːɪ/ ⲏⲓ /eːw/ ⲏⲩ
/əɪ/ [1] /iːw/ ⲓⲩ
/ɔɪ/ ⲟⲓ /ɔw/ ⲟⲩ
/uːɪ/ ⲩⲓ /oːɪ/ ⲱⲓ
/oːw/ ⲱⲩ

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources

  1. ^ Occurs in unstressed syllables if no morphemes are present (i.e. ϩⲃⲱⲓ ('ibises'), ϭⲥⲉⲩ ('lords').