Knench: Difference between revisions
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===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has the largest vowel inventory of any Lõisian Semitic language: | |||
/a e ɪ ɔ ʊ ɛ̃ː iə əɪ äɤ iː ɑ̃ː ɛ̃ː ɪɤ̃ ɔ̃ː æː aw ɛw ɪw ɔw ʊw ɑː(ɹ) ɛː(ɹ) eː(ɹ) oʊ~oː(ɹ) ɜː(ɹ) ə(ɹ)/ = {{angbr|a e i o u á é í ó ú ą ę į ų aw ew iw ow uw ar er ir or ur ø(r)}} | /a e ɪ ɔ ʊ ɛ̃ː iə əɪ äɤ iː ɑ̃ː ɛ̃ː ɪɤ̃ ɔ̃ː æː aw ɛw ɪw ɔw ʊw ɑː(ɹ) ɛː(ɹ) eː(ɹ) oʊ~oː(ɹ) ɜː(ɹ) ə(ɹ)/ = {{angbr|a e i o u á é í ó ú ą ę į ų aw ew iw ow uw ar er ir or ur ø(r)}} | ||
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==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has lost the verbal inflections and triconsonantal morphology of Biblical Hebrew. | |||
<!-- Here are some example subcategories: | <!-- Here are some example subcategories: | ||
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Nouns inflect for number and definiteness. Adjectives agree with nouns in number. | Nouns inflect for number and definiteness. Adjectives agree with nouns in number. | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has regularized all plurals to ־ר ''-ø'' (from a merger of Druidic Canaanite ''-īm'' and ''-ōδ''). It also lost grammatical gender. | |||
Words ending in a nasal vowel or an R-colored vowel add an intrusive R between the final vowel and the plural suffix: פדע ''pdą'' 'tree', פדערר ''pdąrø'' 'trees'. | Words ending in a nasal vowel or an R-colored vowel add an intrusive R between the final vowel and the plural suffix: פדע ''pdą'' 'tree', פדערר ''pdąrø'' 'trees'. | ||
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{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;" | ||
|+ Inflected verbs in | |+ Inflected verbs in {{PAGENAME}} | ||
! style="width: 75px; "| → Person | ! style="width: 75px; "| → Person | ||
! style="width: 75px; " | I | ! style="width: 75px; " | I | ||
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===Auxiliaries=== | ===Auxiliaries=== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has an auxiliary verb system similar to Colloquial Welsh. In addition, there is a T-V distinction: the 2nd person plural ''tem'' is also used as a polite pronoun. | |||
The non-pronominal present auxiliary ''re'' (which may cause lenition depending on dialect) may be omitted in subordinate clauses: | The non-pronominal present auxiliary ''re'' (which may cause lenition depending on dialect) may be omitted in subordinate clauses: | ||
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*''Biuth (re) Dovíð ngaw šun'' = When David is about to sleep | *''Biuth (re) Dovíð ngaw šun'' = When David is about to sleep | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="greentable lightgreenbg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;" | ||
|+ Various auxiliaries in | |+ Various auxiliaries in {{PAGENAME}} | ||
! style="width: 75px; "| → Person | ! style="width: 75px; "| → Person | ||
! style="width: 75px; " | I | ! style="width: 75px; " | I | ||
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Prepositions inflect like in Welsh: for pronominal prepositional objects, usually the preposition is inflected and is followed by the independent pronoun. | Prepositions inflect like in Welsh: for pronominal prepositional objects, usually the preposition is inflected and is followed by the independent pronoun. | ||
example of a | example of a {{PAGENAME}} inflected preposition: lø "for"; bø 'in, at' is inflected similarly | ||
*1sg: li, li ni | *1sg: li, li ni | ||
*2sg.m: lakh to | *2sg.m: lakh to | ||
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===Faulty accusative=== | ===Faulty accusative=== | ||
{{PAGENAME}} has the faulty accusative particle ''ða'' (from Biblical Hebrew ''ʔet ha-''). It is not used for all direct objects, but only for constituents that are separated from their heads. ''Đa'' may also be used before the verbal noun when using an auxiliary: ''Hettev hu tha litfus doghem.'' = She was good at catching fish. | |||
===Noun phrase=== | ===Noun phrase=== | ||