Proto-Almaic

Proto-Almean is the common ancestor of all the Almean languages, a family of languages widespreas in the Yolder and Ausmiran continents.

Proto-Almean is estimated to have been spoken from around 5000 to 3500 a.E., and it's original homeland may have been the Almeran plains from which the language derives its name. Its descendant languages include Angaran and Yohari.

Phonemic inventory

Consonants

	Labial		Alveolar		Palat.	Velar		Uvular		Glot.
	unv.	vce.	unv.	vce.	vce.	unv.	vce.	unv.	vce.	unv.
Nasal		m		n	ɲ
Ejectives	p’		t’			k’
Stops	p	b	t	d		k	g	q		ʔ
Fricatives	f	v	s	z		x				h
Liquids				l					ʀ

Vowels

	Front	Center	Back
	rnd	unr.	unr.
Close	i		u
Mid	e		o
Open		a

Syllable structure

((h)C) V (N)

• C: a consonant, which may be pre-aspirated word-medially.
• V: a vowel
• N: is a nasal consonant with unspecified place of articulation.

Prosody

Stress usually falls on the second to last syllable, unless the word ends in a nasal vowel or preaspirates suffixes, in which case it falls on the last syllable.

Syntax

Word order

SOV

Example sentences

Tenju dattali sin

tenju	dattali	sin
/ˈte.ɲu	daˈt’a.li	sĩ/
mister	animal	see

“The mister sees the animal”

Grammar

Pronouns

• sa – I (1st p. singular)
• sana – we (1st p. plural inc.)
• sado – we (1st p. plural excl.)
• ika – you (2nd p. singular)
• ikana – you (2nd p. dual)
• ikado – you (2nd p. plural)
• go – he/she (3rd p. singular)
• gona – they (3rd p. dual)
• godo – they (3rd p. plural)
• a – it/that (3rd p. singular)
• ahdo – they/those (3rd p. dual)
• ahna – they/those (3rd p. plural)

Determiners

Only an indefinite article is used

Number

Marked by particles, three different forms: singular, dual, plural

Tenses

Present, unmarked; past and habitual, regularly marked by affixes; future