User:Ashucky/Sketches: Difference between revisions

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===== Declension =====
===== Declension =====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 800px;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 800px;"
! colspan="3" | '''Declension'''
! style="width: 80px;" | Case !! style="width: 80px;" | king (h) !! style="width: 80px;" | mother (h) !! style="width: 80px;" | tree (n) !! style="width: 80px;" | city (n) !! style="width: 80px;" | kings (h) !! style="width: 80px;" | mothers (h) !! style="width: 80px;" | trees (n) !! style="width: 80px;" | cities (n)
|-
! style="width: 80px;" | Case !! style="width: 80px;" | king (h) !! style="width: 80px;" | mother (h) !! style="width: 80px;" | tree (n) !! style="width: 80px;" | city (n) !! style="width: 80px;" | kings (h) !! style="width: 80px;" | mothers (h) !!
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| lugala(k) || ama(k) || ĝeša(k) || eri(k) || lugalena(k) || amana(k)
| lugala(k) || ama(k) || ĝeša(k) || eri(k) || lugalena(k) || amana(k) || ''ĝešina(k)'' || ''erina(k)''
|-
|-
! Ergative
! Ergative
| lugale || amae/amā || ĝeše || erie/erī || lugalene || amane
| lugale || amae || ĝeše || erie || lugalene || amane || ''ĝešine'' || ''erine''
|-
|-
! Absolutive
! Absolutive
| lugal || ama || ĝeš || eri || (lugalen) || (aman)
| lugal || ama || ĝeš || eri || ''lugalen(e)'' || ''aman(e)'' || ''ĝešin(e)'' || ''erin(e)''
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| lugalra/lugalar || amar(a) || - || - || lugalener(a) || amaner(a)
| lugalra/lugalar || amar(a) || ''ĝešra/ĝešar'' || ''erir(a)'' || lugalener(a) || amaner(a) || ''ĝešiner(a)'' || ''eriner(a)''
|-
|-
! Directive  
! Directive  
| (lugalye) || (amaye) || ĝešye || eriye || (lugalen[e]ye) || (aman[e]ye)
| ''lugalye'' || ''amaye'' || ĝešye || eriye || ''lugalen[e]ye'' || ''aman[e]ye'' || ''ĝešin[e]ye'' || ''erin[e]ye''
|-
|-
! Locative  
! Locative  
| (lugalya) || (amaya) || ĝešya || eriya || (lugalen[e]ya) || (aman[e]ya)
| ''lugalya'' || ''amaya'' || ĝešya || eriya || ''lugalen[e]ya'' || ''aman[e]ya'' || ''ĝešin[e]ya'' || ''erin[e]ya''
|-
|-
! Terminative
! Terminative
| lugalše/lugalaš || amaše || ĝešše/ĝešaš || eriše || lugalen[e]še || aman[e]še
| lugalše/lugalaš || amaše || ĝešše/ĝešaš || eriše || lugalen[e]še || aman[e]še || ''ĝešin[e]še || ''erin[e]še''
|-
|-
! Adverbiative
! Adverbiative
| lugaleš || amaeš || ĝešeš || erieš || lugaleneš || amaneš
| lugaleš || amaeš || ĝešeš || erieš || lugaleneš || amaneš || ''ĝešineš'' || ''erineš''
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| (lugalta) || (amata) || ĝešta || erita || (lugalen[e]ta) || (aman[e]ta)
| ''lugalta'' || ''amata'' || ĝešta || erita || ''lugalen[e]ta'' || ''aman[e]ta'' || ''ĝešin[e]ta'' || ''erin[e]ta''
|-
|-
! Comitative
! Comitative
| lugalga || amaga || ĝešga || eriga || lugalen[e]ga || aman[e]ga
| lugalga || amaga || ĝešga || eriga || lugalen[e]ga || aman[e]ga || ''ĝešin[e]ga'' || ''erin[e]ga''
|-
|-
! Equative
! Equative
| lugalgen || amagen || ĝešgen ||  erigen || (lugalen[e]gen) || (aman[e]gen)
| lugalgen || amagen || ĝešgen ||  erigen || ''lugalen[e]gen'' || ''aman[e]gen'' || ''ĝešen[e]gen'' || ''erin[e]gen''
|-
|-
|}
|}

Revision as of 20:10, 3 March 2014

Sumerian conlang

Phonology

Bilabial Alveolar Post-alveolar Palatal Velar
Nasal m [m] n [n] ĝ [ŋ]
Plosive p [pʰ/p] b [p/b] t [tʰ/t] d [t/d] k [kʰ/k] g [k/g]
Fricative s [s] š [ʃ] h [x]
Affricate z [t͡s] (r̂ [t͡sʰ])
Approximant (y/i [j] ?) (w/u [w] ?)
Trill r [r/ɾ]
Flap or tap (r̂ ?)
Lateral app. l [l]


Front Back
Close i [i] (ī [i:] ?) u [u] (ū [u:] ?)
Mid e [e] (ē [e:]?) (o [o] (ō [o:] ?) ?)
Open a [a] (ā [a:] ?)

Grammar

Nouns

Characteristics

NOMINAL CHAIN:
1) [NOUN] + [ADJECTIVE + POSSESSIVE/DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUN + PLURAL (e)ne] + [CASE]

2) [PRONOUN] + [CASE]

Cases
Substantives
Case Suffixes Notes
Human Non-h.
Genitive -ak/-a/-k
Ergative -e subject of transitive verbs (agent)
Absolutive -Ø subject of intransitive verbs (argument); object of transitive verbs (patient)
Dative -ra/-r -/? indirect object; complementary with locative (or directive?) for non-human
Directive -/? -e > -ye motion arriving at, position next to; indirect obejct (non-human)
Locative -/? -a > -ya motion into, position inside; rarely used for human
Locative 2 -/? -ne
Terminative -še motion towards
Adverbiative -eš in the manner of < "how?"
Ablative -ta place/time from where (non-human); instrument; from the place of X (human)
Comitative -da > -ga with/and, in company
Equative -gen like/as
Declension
Case king (h) mother (h) tree (n) city (n) kings (h) mothers (h) trees (n) cities (n)
Genitive lugala(k) ama(k) ĝeša(k) eri(k) lugalena(k) amana(k) ĝešina(k) erina(k)
Ergative lugale amae ĝeše erie lugalene amane ĝešine erine
Absolutive lugal ama ĝeš eri lugalen(e) aman(e) ĝešin(e) erin(e)
Dative lugalra/lugalar amar(a) ĝešra/ĝešar erir(a) lugalener(a) amaner(a) ĝešiner(a) eriner(a)
Directive lugalye amaye ĝešye eriye lugalen[e]ye aman[e]ye ĝešin[e]ye erin[e]ye
Locative lugalya amaya ĝešya eriya lugalen[e]ya aman[e]ya ĝešin[e]ya erin[e]ya
Terminative lugalše/lugalaš amaše ĝešše/ĝešaš eriše lugalen[e]še aman[e]še ĝešin[e]še erin[e]še
Adverbiative lugaleš amaeš ĝešeš erieš lugaleneš amaneš ĝešineš erineš
Ablative lugalta amata ĝešta erita lugalen[e]ta aman[e]ta ĝešin[e]ta erin[e]ta
Comitative lugalga amaga ĝešga eriga lugalen[e]ga aman[e]ga ĝešin[e]ga erin[e]ga
Equative lugalgen amagen ĝešgen erigen lugalen[e]gen aman[e]gen ĝešen[e]gen erin[e]gen

Pronouns

Adjectives

Numerals

Verbs

Other

Vocabulary

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