Verse:Mwail/Old Gloob: Difference between revisions

[[Themsaran/Themsaran|Themsármai: '''Gávthā themsármā''']]

|nativename = ''themsármā''

|NativeName = gávthā themsármā

The '''Themsaran''' (/ˈθɛmsɑɹən/) '''language''' (Themsaran: ''gávthā themsármā'' [gáʊ̯fθàː θè̞msármàː] "the Themsaran throat") was traditionally classified into an [[Talsmic languages|isolated subbranch]] of the [[Zachydic languages|Zachydic]] language family, along with other para-Themsaran languages which are/were natively spoken in the (relatively large) island of Tálsym off the northwestern coast of the Pattiya subcontinent. (Since then, Talsmic's [[Raxo-Talsmic languages|close ties]] to Ractamic languages, such as [[Raxic]], has gained widespread recognition.) The language remains clearly Zachydic (It is often said that Themsaran uses the same affixes with different meanings); however, due to its long period of isolation and substrate influence (the substrate is sometimes speculated to have been a head-initial polysynthetic language), Themsaran was a typological and lexical outlier in the larger Zachydic family, within which it was distinguished by its heavily head-marking inflection in both clauses and possessive NPs as well as its strongly head-initial syntax. The name of the Themsaran language comes from the Themsár region, from whose dialect arose the prestige language of the island. This elevated register/lect existed in a state of diglossia with the diverse and often mutually unintelligible vernacular "dialects". Noble Themsaran was used as a living language by the ruling class for a period spanning 600 years until its demise in the year ca. 220 v.c., and was continued to be used as an important literary, academic and religious language on the island and surrounding mainland areas.

This construction is not possible if the indefinite possessum is animate ''or'' inalienable; in such cases Themsaran resorts to using the phrase ''navé gle...'' (one/some of...) followed by the appropriate plural definite possessum.

:'''''navé gle vṓthū négmē'''''

|''glejách;'' ''glḗm;'' ''jáchēn''

|''glemách/máchēn*; gledát/dátēn*''  

|''gleħách;'' ''ħáchēn''

|''gleŧách;'' ''ŧáchēn''

|''gle smárján''

|''gle atiách''

|''gle smárbást''

|''glé smárthivé''

|''vójách;'' ''jáchást''

|''vómách/máchást*; vódát/dátást*''  

|''vóħách;'' ''ħáchást''

|''vóŧách;'' ''ŧáchást''

|''vó smárján''

|''vó smárthivé''

*''-ȳré'' (''f'', ''g''): place noun (''ā́thym'' 'holy' > ''ā́thmȳré'' 'shrine, sanctuary')

Noun-adjective compounding occurs by removing the ending of the noun (and inserting ''-o-'' for first declension, ''-e-'' for second declennsion, and ''-i-'' for third declension of the noun if phonotactically required). If the compound is a noun with a supplemental meaning by the adjective, the lexical tone is that of the noun; on the contrary, as an adjective with the meaning colored by the noun, the lexical tone is adopted from the adjective. (e.g. ''cólyn'' (1st decl., high tone) + ''simáttym'' (accent paradigm ''c'') ''= cólnosimáttym'' 'wind' + 'northern' = 'north wind'; ''sōrachráth'' 'royalty, royal household' < ''sôr'' 'house' + ''achráth'' 'royal'; post-classical neologisms include ''ðálfaromīdáth'' ''tradition'' < ''ðál-'' 'passing, transmission' + ''fáromīdáth'' 'legitimate'; ''thilqārdé'' 'broadsword, claymore' < ''thilqé'' 'sword' + ''ârd'' 'big, great').