Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin: Difference between revisions
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Assume no initial lenition. The consonants are spelled as follows in non-Hebrew, non-Aramaic words: | Assume no initial lenition. The consonants are spelled as follows in non-Hebrew, non-Aramaic words: | ||
א בּ ב גּ ג ג' ד ה הּ ז ט י(י) כ ל ל' מ נ ס פּ ף צ צ' ק ר ר' ש תּ = zero b v g gh ģ d h th z y c l ł m n s p f ț c̦ r ŗ ș t /0 p v k ɣ t t tʃ h h t ts j | א בּ ב גּ ג ג' ד ה הּ ז ט י(י) כ ל ל' מ נ ס פּ ף צ צ' ק ר ר' ש תּ = zero b v g gh ģ d h th z y c l ł m n s p f ț c̦ r ŗ ș t /0 p v k ɣ t t tʃ h h t ts j kʰ l w m n s pʰ f tsʰ tʃʰ k r ʒ ʃ tʰ/. | ||
ק and ט in Hebrew and Aramaic loans (when not lenited) are unaspirated /k/ and /t/. ק ט represent / | ק and ט in Hebrew and Aramaic loans (when not lenited) are unaspirated /k/ and /t/. ק ט represent /kʰ tʰ/ in some exceptional words: קינה ''cină'' '(to) lament, to keen' (cognate to Irish ''caoineadh'' but spelled as the Hebrew word with the same meaning; the expected Hebrew reading would be ''gină'') | ||
Rafe is used for initial lenition: בֿ גֿ גֿ' דֿ זֿ טֿ כֿ מֿ סֿ פֿ ףֿ צֿ צֿ' קֿ תֿ for bh gh jh dh dzh th ch mh sh ph fh țh c̦h ch th /v ɣ j ɣ j h x v h f 0 h ʃ x h/ | Rafe is used for initial lenition: בֿ גֿ גֿ' דֿ זֿ טֿ כֿ מֿ סֿ פֿ ףֿ צֿ צֿ' קֿ תֿ for bh gh jh dh dzh th ch mh sh ph fh țh c̦h ch th /v ɣ j ɣ j h x v h f 0 h ʃ x h/ | ||
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/j/ between two vowels is written יי. | /j/ between two vowels is written יי. | ||
''ŗ'' is pronounced /ʃ/ after voiceless fricatives and aspirated stops: כּר'עי e.g. ''cŗey'' / | ''ŗ'' is pronounced /ʃ/ after voiceless fricatives and aspirated stops: כּר'עי e.g. ''cŗey'' /kʰʃej/ 'earth, soil'. | ||
/n/ assimilates to [ŋ] before /k kʰ/. | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||