Verse:Irta/Judeo-Mandarin: Difference between revisions

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* Aspirated stops are as strongly aspirated as in Mandarin. Unaspirated stops can only be voiced after vowels; voicing initial unaspirated stops sounds non-native.

* ''r'' is most commonly an alveolar or retroflex approximant (more like Hiberno-English r than American r). The sequences /rn rl rth rt= rtsh rts rs/ are realized as retroflex [N Th T= TSh TS S], even across word boundaries: נאַך אפֿשר לעט ''nach efșăr led'' [naχ efʃə ɭet] 'can't you?' It may also be a flap or trill.

* In most modern accents ''ŗ'' /ʒ/ is postalveolar and merges with ''ș'' when devoiced. It is pronounced as Czech ''ř'' (devoiced after voiceless fricatives and aspirated stops) in conservative dialects and merges with ''ș'' or ''y'' in some dialects.

* In most modern accents ''ŗ'' /ʒ/ is postalveolar and merges with ''ș'' when devoiced. It is pronounced as Czech ''ř'' (devoiced after voiceless fricatives and aspirated stops) in conservative dialects and merges with ''ș'' or becomes a sound similar to Spanish ''y'' in ''yendo'' in some dialects.

* Stop + fricative clusters are distinct from affricates: some minimal pairs are דר׳עבאר ''dŗevăr'' 'sister' and ג׳עבאר ''ģevăr'' 'winter'; תּר׳י ''tŗi'' '3' and כּ׳י ''c̦i'' 'at her'.

* ''t d s'' are dental and may be slightly velarized. In some dialects ''t'' may be a fricative /θ/.

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 * Aspirated stops are as strongly aspirated as in Mandarin. Unaspirated stops can only be voiced after vowels; voicing initial unaspirated stops sounds non-native.
 * ''r'' is most commonly an alveolar or retroflex approximant (more like Hiberno-English r than American r). The sequences /rn rl rth rt= rtsh rts rs/ are realized as retroflex [N Th T= TSh TS S], even across word boundaries: נאַך אפֿשר לעט ''nach efșăr led'' [naχ efʃə ɭet] 'can't you?' It may also be a flap or trill.
-* In most modern accents ''ŗ'' /ʒ/ is postalveolar and merges with ''ș'' when devoiced. It is pronounced as Czech ''ř'' (devoiced after voiceless fricatives and aspirated stops) in conservative dialects and merges with ''ș'' or ''y'' in some dialects.
+* In most modern accents ''ŗ'' /ʒ/ is postalveolar and merges with ''ș'' when devoiced. It is pronounced as Czech ''ř'' (devoiced after voiceless fricatives and aspirated stops) in conservative dialects and merges with ''ș'' or becomes a sound similar to Spanish ''y'' in ''yendo'' in some dialects.
 * Stop + fricative clusters are distinct from affricates: some minimal pairs are דר&#1523;עבאר ''dŗevăr'' 'sister' and ג&#1523;עבאר ''ģevăr'' 'winter'; תּר&#1523;י ''tŗi'' '3' and כּ&#1523;י ''c&#x326;i'' 'at her'.
 * ''t d s'' are dental and may be slightly velarized. In some dialects ''t'' may be a fricative /θ/.