Verse:Mwtqwlqwj/Qwbmwdqwg: Difference between revisions

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Emphatic consonants are realized as uvularized consonants by most of the population but are realized as velarized (also turning emphatic dorsals into true velars) by older and more educated speakers.

"Voiceless" stops are consistently aspirated; voiced stops are usually weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) and are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant. Emphatic voiced stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ{{adv}}/ is particularly prone to devoicing. Voiced geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. Gemination is neutralized word-finally. Preuvular consonants are velar or uvular for some speakers; the velar realization is more common in rural areas.

"Voiceless" stops are consistently aspirated; voiced stops are usually weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) and are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant. Voiceless stops are also slightly longer than voiced ones. Emphatic voiced stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ{{adv}}/ is particularly prone to devoicing. Voiced geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. Gemination is neutralized word-finally. Preuvular consonants are velar or uvular for some speakers; the velar realization is more common in rural areas.

''G'' in contemporary urban Majorcan Arabic is turning into [ʔʶ] (cf. Maltese and Egyptian Arabic /ʔ/ for older Arabic ''q''), even affecting Irish loans: ''taNGə'' 'language' and ''Gī́jə'' 'prayer' (from Irish ''guidhe'') are pronounced [ˈt̪ʰænʶʔʶʌ] and [ˈʔʶʊ{{ret}}jjə] by the majority of younger speakers. This is often attributed to immigration from other parts of Irta's Arab world bringing the glottal stop realization for Arabic ''q''.

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 Emphatic consonants are realized as uvularized consonants by most of the population but are realized as velarized (also turning emphatic dorsals into true velars) by older and more educated speakers.
-"Voiceless" stops are consistently aspirated; voiced stops are usually weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) and are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant. Emphatic voiced stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ{{adv}}/ is particularly prone to devoicing. Voiced geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. Gemination is neutralized word-finally. Preuvular consonants are velar or uvular for some speakers; the velar realization is more common in rural areas.
+"Voiceless" stops are consistently aspirated; voiced stops are usually weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) and are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant. Voiceless stops are also slightly longer than voiced ones. Emphatic voiced stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ{{adv}}/ is particularly prone to devoicing. Voiced geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. Gemination is neutralized word-finally. Preuvular consonants are velar or uvular for some speakers; the velar realization is more common in rural areas.
 ''G'' in contemporary urban Majorcan Arabic is turning into [ʔʶ] (cf. Maltese and Egyptian Arabic /ʔ/ for older Arabic ''q''), even affecting Irish loans: ''taNGə'' 'language' and ''Gī́jə'' 'prayer' (from Irish ''guidhe'') are pronounced [ˈt̪ʰænʶʔʶʌ] and [ˈʔʶʊ{{ret}}jjə] by the majority of younger speakers. This is often attributed to immigration from other parts of Irta's Arab world bringing the glottal stop realization for Arabic ''q''.