Talk:Ranic languages: Difference between revisions

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Line 169: Line 169:
|-
|-
! 1
! 1
| ''noktol'' || ''noktla'' || ''noktly''
| ''nǫten'' || ''nǫtna'' || ''nǫtny''
|-
|-
! 2.m
! 2.m
| ''toktol''
| ''tǫten''
|rowspan="2"| ''toktla'' || ''toktly''
|rowspan="2"| ''tǫtna'' || ''tǫtny''
|-
|-
! 2.f
! 2.f
| ''toktli'' || ''toktolno''
| ''tǫtni'' || ''tǫtenno''
|-
|-
! 3.m
! 3.m
| ''jektol''
| ''jęten''
|rowspan="2"| ''jektla'' || ''jektly''
|rowspan="2"| ''jętna'' || ''jętny''
|-  
|-  
! 3.f
! 3.f
| ''jektli'' || ''jektolno''  
| ''jętni'' || ''jętenno''  
|-
|-
! colspan="4" | Preterite
! colspan="4" | Preterite
Line 190: Line 190:
|-
|-
! 1
! 1
| ''noktól'' || ''noktóla'' || ''noktóly''
| ''nǫtén'' || ''nǫténa'' || ''nǫtény''
|-
|-
! 2.m
! 2.m
| ''toktól''
| ''tǫtén''
|rowspan="2"| ''toktóla'' || ''toktóly''
|rowspan="2"| ''tǫténa'' || ''tǫtény''
|-
|-
! 2.f
! 2.f
| ''toktóli'' || ''toktólno''
| ''tǫténi'' || ''tǫténno''
|-
|-
! 3.m
! 3.m
| ''jektól''
| ''jętén''
|rowspan="2"| ''jektóla'' || ''jektóly''
|rowspan="2"| ''jęténa'' || ''jętény''
|-  
|-  
! 3.f
! 3.f
| ''jektóli'' || ''jektólno''
| ''jęténi'' || ''jęténno''  
|-
! colspan="4" | Future I
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1
| ''de noktol'' || ''de noktla'' || ''de noktly''
|-
! 2.m
| ''de toktol''
|rowspan="2"| ''de toktla'' || ''de toktly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''de toktli'' || ''de toktolno''
|-
! 3.m
| ''de jektol''
|rowspan="2"| ''de jektla'' || ''de jektly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''de jektli'' || ''de jektolno''
|-
! colspan="4" | Future II
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1.m
| ''de nočon kotol''|| ''de nočona kotla'' || ''de nočony kotly''
|-
! 1.f
| ''de nočon kotla'' || ''de nočona kotlota'' || ''de nočony kotlác''
|-
! 2.m
| ''de točon kotol'' || ''de točona kotla'' || ''de točony kotly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''de točoni kotla''|| ''de točona kotlota'' || ''de točonno kotlác''
|-
! 3.m
| ''de ječon kotol'' || ''de ječona kotla'' || ''de ječony kotly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''de ječoni kotla''|| ''de ječona kotlota'' ||  ''de ječonno kotlác''
|-
! colspan="4" | Perfect
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1.m
| ''nák kotol'' || ''nána kotla'' || ''nány kotly''
|-
! 1.f
| ''nák kotla'' || ''nána kotlota'' || ''nány kotlác''
|-
! 2.m
| ''ǫto kotol'' || ''ǫtma kotla'' || ''ǫtmy kotly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''ǫc kotla'' || ''ǫtma kotlota'' || ''ǫtno kotlác''
|-
! 3.m
| ''(hy) kotol'' || ''(homa) kotla'' || ''(homy) kotly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''(hi) kotla'' || ''(homa) kotlota'' || ''(hen) kotlác''
|-
! colspan="4" | Pluperfect
|-
! style="width: 100px;" | !! style="width: 100px;" | Singular !! style="width: 100px;" | Dual !! style="width: 100px;" | Plural
|-
! 1.m
| ''nočyn kotol'' || ''nočyna kotla'' || ''nočyny kotly''
|-
! 1.f
| ''nočyn kotla'' || ''nočyna kotlota'' || ''nočyny kotlác''
|-
! 2.m
| ''točyn kotol'' || ''točyna kotla'' || ''točyny kotly''
|-
! 2.f
| ''točyni kotla'' || ''točyna kotlota'' || ''točynno kotlác''
|-
! 3.m
| ''ječyn kotol'' || ''ječyna kotla'' || ''ječyny kotly''
|-
! 3.f
| ''ječyni kotla'' || ''ječyna kotlota'' || ''ječynno kotlác''
|}
|}


Revision as of 18:08, 6 April 2015

G-stems: joktol

Regular (strong) paradigm

kotlec, ktol, joktol, kotol, katel 'kill'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
kotlec
Participle
katel
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ktol! ktola! ktoly!
2.f ktoli! ktolno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 noktol noktla noktly
2.m toktol toktla toktly
2.f toktli toktolno
3.m joktol joktla joktly
3.f joktli joktolno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 kotolok kotolna kotolny
2.m kotolot kotoltma kotoltmy
2.f kotoloc kotoltna
3.m kotol kotola kotoly
3.f kotola kotolota kotolno

Weak paradigm: I-*ʔ

NB. Look at what happens before the second radical.

ocíc, ci, jóci, ocě, ací 'come'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
ocíc
Participle
ací
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ci! cě! cý!
2.f cí! cino!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nóci nócě nócý
2.m tóci tócě tócý
2.f tócí tócino
3.m jóci jócě jócý
3.f jócí jócino
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 ocěk ocěna ocěny
2.m ocět ocětma ocětmy
2.f ocěc ocětna
3.m ocě ocá ocý
3.f ocá ocáta ocěno

Weak paradigm: I-*m/n

jętén 'give'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
tęc
Present participle
naten
Stative passive participle
notyn
Past participle
noton
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ten! tna! tny!
2.f tni! tenno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫten nǫtna nǫtny
2.m tǫten tǫtna tǫtny
2.f tǫtni tǫtenno
3.m jęten jętna jętny
3.f jętni jętenno
Preterite
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫtén nǫténa nǫtény
2.m tǫtén tǫténa tǫtény
2.f tǫténi tǫténno
3.m jętén jęténa jętény
3.f jęténi jęténno

Weak paradigm: I-*w

voldec, led, juled, volod, valed 'beget, mother/father'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
voldec
Participle
valed
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m led! leda! ledy!
2.f ledi! ledno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nuled nuleda nuledy
2.m tuled tuleda tuledy
2.f tuledi tuledno
3.m juled juleda juledy
3.f juledi juledno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 volodok volodna volodny
2.m volodot volótma volótmy
2.f volodoc volótno
3.m volod voloda volody
3.f voloda volodota volodno

Hollow-Y

Hollow-W

Weak paradigm: III-*ʔ

NB. Look at what happens after the second radical

boróc, bró, jobró, boró, barí 'create, cause'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
boróc
Participle
barí
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m bró! brova! brovy!
2.f broji! bróno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nobró nobrova nobrovy
2.m tobró tobrova tobrovy
2.f tobroji tobróno
3.m jobró jobrova jobrovy
3.f jobroji jobróno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 borók boróna boróny
2.m borót borótma borótmy
2.f boróc borótno
3.m boró borova borovy
3.f borova borovota boróno


šonovec, šní, jošní, šoní, šaní 'be angry at, resent'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
šonovec
Participle
šaní
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m šní! šně! šnevy!
2.f šní! šníno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 ošní nošně nošní
2.m tošní tošně tošnevy
2.f tošní tošníno
3.m jošní jošně jošnevy
3.f jošní jošníno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 šoník šonína šoníny
2.m šonít šonítma šonítmy
2.f šoníc šonítno
3.m šoní šoneja šoneje
3.f šoneja šonejota šoníno

Weak paradigm: III-*j

socíc, sec, josci, socěj, sací 'drink'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
socíc
Present participle
sací
Past participle
socěj
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m sec! scija! scý!
2.f scí! scino!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 oscej nosceja noscej
2.m toscej tosceja tosceje
2.f toscí toscino
3.m joscej josceja josceje
3.f joscí joscino
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 osci noscija nosci
2.m tosci toscija toscý
2.f toscí toscino
3.m josci joscija joscý
3.f joscí joscino

Weak paradigm: III-*w

monýc, mny, jomny, monu, manev 'count'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
monýc
Participle
manev
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m mny! mnova! mnovy!
2.f mnovi! mnyno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nomny nomnova nomnovy
2.m tomny tomnova tomnovy
2.f tomnovi tomnyno
3.m jomny jomnova jomnovy
3.f jomnovi jomnyno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 monúk monuna monuny
2.m monút monútma monútmy
2.f monúc monútno
3.m monu monova monovy
3.f monova monovota monuno

Weak paradigm: III-*ʕ

smoqec, sma, josma, soma, samea 'hear'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
smoqec
Participle
samea, sameq-
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m sma! smaqa! smaqy!
2.f smaqi! smaqno!
Subjunctive
Singular Dual Plural
1 nosma nosmaqa nosmaqy
2.m tosma tosmaqa tosmaqy
2.f tosmaqi tosmaqno
3.m josma josmaqa josmaqy
3.f josmaqi josmaqno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 somoqok somoqna somoqny
2.m somoqot somoqtma somoqtmy
2.f somoqoc somoqtno
3.m soma somoqa somoqy
3.f somoqa somoqota somoqna

Irregular: ráj 'see'

rájec, ri, jóri, ráj, rěj 'see'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
rájec
Participle
rěj
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ri! rě! rý!
2.f rí! rino!
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 nóri nórě nórý
2.m tóri tórě tórý
2.f tórí tórino
3.m jóri jórě jórý
3.f jórí jórino

N-stems: jǫkotyl

Regular (strong) paradigm

noktylec, ǫkotyl, jǫkotyl, noktyl, mǫkotyl 'be killed'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
noktylec
Participle
mǫkotyl
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ǫkotyl! ǫkotyla! ǫkotyly!
2.f ǫkotyli! ǫkotylno!
Present
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫkotyl nǫkotyla nǫkotyly
2.m tǫkotyl tǫkotyla tǫkotyly
2.f tǫkotyli tǫkotylno
3.m jǫkotyl jǫkotyla jǫkotyly
3.f jǫkotyli jǫkotylno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 noktylok noktylna noktylny
2.m noktylot noktyltma noktyltmy
2.f noktyloc noktyltna
3.m noktyl noktyla noktyly
3.f noktyla noktylota noktylno

Weak paradigm: I-*w

nulydec, ǫvolyd, jǫvolyd, nulyd, mǫvolyd 'be born'
Infinitive/Verbal noun
nulydec
Participle
mǫvolyd
Imperative
Singular Dual Plural
2.m ǫvolyd! ǫvolyda! ledy!
2.f ǫvolydi! ǫvolydno!
Present
Singular Dual Plural
1 nǫvolyd nǫvolyda nǫvolydy
2.m tǫvolyd tǫvolyda tǫvolydy
2.f tǫvolydi tǫvolydno
3.m jǫvolyd jǫvolyda jǫvolydy
3.f jǫvolydi jǫvolydno
Aorist
Singular Dual Plural
1 nulydok nulydna nulydny
2.m nulydot nulýtma nulýtmy
2.f nulydoc nulýtno
3.m nulyd nulyda nulydy
3.f nulyda nulydota nulydno


I-nasal

I-nasal roots trigger compensatory lengthening in combination with the ę- allomorph of the passive prefix because of the geminate *-mm-, *-nn- that resulted.

  • nǫ- instead of *non-
  • é- instead of ę-
  • nó-, tó-, jé- instead of nǫ-, tǫ-, ję-

D-stems: jokótel

ND-stems: jǫkótel

t-stems: ktotel

Št-stems: jostoktol

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