User:Tardigrade: Difference between revisions

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==Sound Changes==
==Sound Changes==
===Consonant Mutations===
===Consonant Mutations===
As with all modern Celtic languages, Everish makes extensive use of initial consonant mutations to help signal grammatical and syntactic information. Cumbraek has three main mutations: '''lenis''' (''međol''), '''spirant''' (''cravol'') and '''nasal''' (''truinol'').  There is a fourth type of mutation called '''aspiration''' (''huizol'') in which word-initial vowels take an ''h'-'' before them.
As with all modern Celtic languages, Everish makes extensive use of initial consonant mutations to help signal grammatical and syntactic information. Everish has three main mutations: '''lenis''' (''međol''), '''spirant''' (''cravol'') and '''nasal''' (''truinol'').  There is a fourth type of mutation called '''aspiration''' (''huizol'') in which word-initial vowels take an ''h'-'' before them.


The changes caused by the mutations are summarised in the following table.
The changes caused by the mutations are summarised in the following table.

Revision as of 22:19, 24 November 2023

Tardigrades (Latfuts) are microscopic, water-dwelling, segmented animals. At some point in history, they learned to speak Gothic.

Veithois

Latin Insular
Proto-Romance
Insular Romance Veithois example
transcription IPA orthography IPA
ī /i/ i /i/ i /i/ vid /vid/
i /ɪ/ /e/ è ei /ɛ/ /ei̯/ sec peil /sɛk/ /pei̯l/
ē /e/ ment cein /mɛnt/ /t͡ʃei̯n/
oe ester feid /ɛstər/ /fei̯d/
e /ɛ/ ę /ɛ/ é /e/ ter pedh /tɛr/ /peð/
ae estod cel /ɛˈstod/ /t͡ʃel/
a /a/ a /a/ a /a/ can /kan/
ā /ɑ/ ǫ /ɔ/ ò ó /ɔ/ /o/ nos /noz/
o /ɔ/ sot cor /sɔt/ /kor/
ō /o/ /o/ ou eu /u/ /e/ mount fleur /munt/ /fler/
u /ʊ/ gout gheul /gut/ /gel/
ū /u/ u /u/ u /i/ mur /mir/
au /au/ au /au/ au /ai/ caudh /kaið/

Gothic vowel changes

Development of Wulfilan Gothic vowels in Niemish
Gothic Initial Medial Final
/_r/ /_r/ /_l/ /_p, b, f, m/ /_w/ /_other/ /_one consonant/ /_cluster/ absolutely final
one consonant cluster /_r/ /_l/ /_n/ /_p, b, f, m/ /_w/ /_j/ /_other/
i, aí i e e i e e iu i e ʲ
a a u y u u o u Ø
u, aú u o
ē, ei i i e i e e
ái, aíh ia
ā a u y u a
áu, aúh o
ō, ū u

adjectives

Case indefinite definite
singular plural singular plural
masc. neut. fem. masc. neut. fem. masc. neut. fem. masc. neut. fem.
Nominative blínd blénd bléndas blénd blénds blénd blénda bléndas bléndon bléndos
Genitive blínds blénds blíndse bléndsa blíndes bléndos blíndne bléndna
Dative bléndum blénde bléndę bléndę bléndą bléndą

adj

Case attributive predicative
singular plural singular plural
masc./neut. fem. masc. neut. fem. masc. neut. fem. masc. neut. fem.
indefinite definite
Direct blínd blénd blénd blénd blénda bléndas bléndon bléndos
Genitive blínd blénd blínd blénd blíndes bléndos blíndse bléndsa
Dative blénd blénd bléndę bléndą bléndą
Case attributive predicative
singular plural singular plural
masc./neut. fem. masc. neut. fem. masc. neut. fem. masc. neut. fem.
indefinite definite
Direct frús frós frós frós frósa frósas fróson frósos
Genitive frús frós frús frós frúses frósos frúsne frósna
Dative frós frós frósę frósą frósą

Consonants

Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Uvular
Nasal /m/ ⟨m⟩ /n/ ⟨n⟩ /ŋ/ ⟨ng⟩ [1] /ɴ/ ⟨ng⟩
Plosive /p/ ⟨p⟩ /t/ ⟨t⟩ /k/ ⟨k⟩ [1] /q/ ⟨k⟩
Affricate /ʦ/ ⟨t⟩ [1]
Fricative /f/ ⟨f⟩ /v/ ⟨v⟩ /s/ ⟨s⟩ /ʃ/ ⟨s⟩ [1] /ɣ/ ⟨g⟩ [1] /ʁ/ ⟨g⟩
Lateral /l~ɬ/ ⟨l⟩ [2]
Tap /ɾ/ ⟨r⟩
Semivowel /j/ ⟨j⟩

Everish


Everish
Eveireg
Pronunciation[eˈvei̯ɾeɡ]
Created byTardigrade
SettingIberia
Native toSpain, Portugal
Early form

Everish Eveireg /eˈvei̯ɾeɡ/ is a a Brittonic Celtic tongue spoken in parts of Galicia and Asturias.

Sound Changes

Consonant Mutations

As with all modern Celtic languages, Everish makes extensive use of initial consonant mutations to help signal grammatical and syntactic information. Everish has three main mutations: lenis (međol), spirant (cravol) and nasal (truinol). There is a fourth type of mutation called aspiration (huizol) in which word-initial vowels take an h'- before them.

The changes caused by the mutations are summarised in the following table.

Radical Lenition Spirantisation Nasalisation
p /p/ b /b/ f /f/
t /t/ d /d/ z /θ/
c /k/ g /g/ h /x/
c /t͡ʃ/ g /d͡ʒ/ h /ʃ/
b /b/ v /v/ m /m/
d /d/ đ /ð/ n /n/
g /ɡ/ ng /ŋ/
g /d͡ʒ/ y /j/ ñ /ɲ/
y /j/ ñ /ɲ/
m /m/ v /v/

Lenited g disappears before a consonant, becomes w before words in go-, gu-, goo- and becomes h- before other vowels, e.g. gre "flock" → i re "his flock", gur "man, husband" → i wur "his husband", geryadour "dictionary" → i heryadour "his dictionary".

Examples:

  • Lenition: i benn "his head", de dat "your dad", i gi "his dog", er vanon "the lady", du Dhin Edin "to Edinburgh", war hat "on a road", i wrek "his wife", a vamm! "mum!".
  • Spirantisation: i fenn "her head", tri that "three dads", teyr chath "three cats".
  • Nasalisation: naw manon "nine ladies", in Nin Edin "in Edinburgh", mu ngat "my road"
  • Aspiration: i h'ewidir "her uncle", an h'oungorn "our unicorn".
  1. ^ a b c d e before a front vowel or ⟨j⟩
  2. ^ second articulation when geminated