Novoslovnica

Novoslovnica
Новословница
Pronunciation	[[Help:IPA|novo'slovnica]]
Created by	Yegor Karpov
Date	2014
Language family	Conlang Novoslovnica

Novoslovnica is a constructed language created by Yegor Karpov in 2014. Its name is composed by the words nov ("new") and slovo ("word"). Its main features are lexical purism, wealthy phonology and logical stucture.

Novoslovnica collaborates within the interslavic community, bearing the aim of constructing the ideal language, that Slavs could use in international communication.

Phonology and orthography

Alphabet

Latin	a/ä/á	å	b	c	č	d	đ	e/ë/é	ę	ě	f	g	ĝ	h	i/ï/ĩ	j	ĵ	k	l	m	n	o/ö/ó	ô	p	r	ř	s	ŝ	š	t	u/ü/ú	ų	ů	v	w	x	y	z	ž
Cyrillic	а/я/á	å	б	ц	ч	д	џ	е/є/э	ѧ	ѣ	ф	г	ґ	х	и/i/ï	j	й	к	л	м	н	о/ё/ó	ô	п	р	ҏ	с	s	ш	т	у/ю/ӯ	ų	ъ	в	ў	ќ	ы	з	ж

Pronunciation

Every letter is pronounced in the only way, so it is easy to start reading Novoslovnica after learning the alphabet and the phonology of the language.

Consonants

Bilabial	Labio-dental	Dental	Alveolar	Post-alveolar	Palatal	Labio-velar	Velar	Glottal
m /m/			n /n/						Nasal
p /p/ b /b/			t /t/ d /d/				k /k/ ĝ /g/		Plosive
	f /f/ v /v/	θ /θ/	s /s/ z /z/	š /ʂ/ ž /ʐ/	j /ʝ/		h /x/ g /ɣ/		Fricative
	w /ʋ/				ĵ /j/				Approximant
			r /r/						Trill
			l /l/						Lateral

Vowels

The stress is movable, but it tends to the first syllable of the word's root.

Front	Near-front	Central	Near-back	Back
ï /i/		y /ɨ/ ü /ʉ/		u /u/	Close
	i /ɪ/	ě /ɪ̈/	ô /ʊ/		Near-close
ë /e/		e /ɘ/ ö /ɵ/		o /o/	Close-mid
		ů /ə/			Mid
				å /ʌ/	Open-mid
ä /æ/					Near-open
a /a/					Open

Vowels distinguish on long and short ones. In writing the long vowel is determinated by the akut on the letter ov the vowel. Vowels a, e, o and u can be long and short, other can be only short.

Grammar

Articles

There are three determinative articles: ůt/to/ta/te, ův/vo/va/ve and ůn/no/na/ne. Articles are required when it's necessary to clear the object spoken about. The difference between the three articles is in position of the object. The ůt article is used when we can not see the object. The ůn article is used when we can see the object, but it is far from us. The ův article is used when we can see the object and it is close to us.

Nouns

There are three numbers and 9 cases in Novoslovnica. Also there are three genders - masculine, feminine and neutral.

dom - masculine

voda - feminine

slonco - neutral

There are 3 paradigms, which determines practically how the very word changes in cases.

	1A	1B	2A	2B	3A	3B
Nominative	Voda	Dädä	Dųb	Slonco	Dver'	Vremę
Genitive	Vody	Dädï	Dųba	Slonca	Dverï	Vremenï
Partitive	Vody	Dädï	Dųbu	Sloncu	Dverï	Vremenï
Accusative	Vodu	Dädü	Dųb	Slonco	Dver'	Vremę
Dative	Vodě	Dädě	Dųbu	Sloncu	Dverï	Vremenï
Instrumentative	Vodoĵ	Dädëĵ	Dųbom	SLoncom	Dveriü	Vremenëm
Prepositive	O vodě	O dädě	O dųbě	O sloncě	O dverě	O vremeně
Locative	V vodji	Dädji	V dųbu	V sloncu	Dverji	Vo vremenji
Vocative	Vodo	Dädö	Dųbe	Slonce	Dverï	Vremų

Adjectives

Adjectives always precede the noun they're related to.

There are full and brief adjectives.

	masc, firm	masc, soft	fem, firm	fem,soft	neu, firm	neu, soft
Nominative	Krasnyĵ
Genitive	Krasnoga
Partitive	Krasnogu
Accusative	Krasnogo
Dative	Krasnomu
Instrumentative	Krasnym
Prepositive	O Krasnom
Locative	V Krasnomu
Vocative	Krasnyĵ

Adverbs

Adverbs may be identified by adding -e to an stem of the adjective.

jasno (clear) → jasne (clearly)

Pronouns

Personal pronouns

Novbasa	English
Ja	I
ty	you
On/Ona/Ono	he/she/it
Ma	we two
Va	you two
Ona	they two
My	we
Vy	you
Oni	they

Possessive pronouns

Possessive pronouns change in cases quite as adjectives.

Novbasa	English
môĵ	I, mine
tvôĵ	your, yours
jegôĵ/jejôĵ	his/her, his/hers
naš	our, ours
vaš	your, yours
Ihniĵ	their, theirs

Interrogative pronouns

Novbasa	English
kto	who
čto	what
dy	when
de	where
kak	how
začto	why
kolïko	how much

Verbs

Tense	Novbasa	English
Infinitive	strojati	to build
Present	ja strojam	I build
Present perfect	ja sům strojal	I have built
Past	Ja strojah	I built
Past perfect	Ja byh strojal	I had built
Future	Ja hte strojam	I will build
Near future	Ja budu strojati	I am going to build
Conditional	Ja bih strojal	I would build
Imperative	Stroj(aĵ)!	build!
Present Participle	Strojačiĵ	building
Past Participle	Strojan	built

There are 4 different types of conjuction. Their conjuction depends on what vowels is on the end of the verb's stem. These vowels are: a, e, i, u.

The reflexive is formed by putting sę before the verb.

The passive is formed by dealing with the verb byti and past participle of the verb.

Byti

Byti ("to be") is one of irregular verbs.

Tense	Novbasa	English
Infinitive	Byti	to be
Present	Ja sům	I am
Present perfect	Ja sům byl	I have been
Past	Ja byh	I was
Past pefect	Ja byh byl	I had been
Future	Ja hte sům	I will be
Near future	Ja budu	I am going to be
Conditional	Ja byh byl	I would be
Imperative	Bud'!	be!
Present Participle	Sųštyĵ	being

Numerals

Сardinal

Number	Cardinal	Number	Cardinal
0	nôl'	11	jedennaĵčě
1	jeden	20	dvaĵčě
2	dva	21	dvaĵčě i jeden
3	tri	30	triĵčě
4	četyri	40	četyridesět
5	pět	50	pětdesět
6	šest	100	sto
7	sedem	200	dvěstě
8	osem	237	dvěstě triĵčě sedem
9	devět	1000	tysęča
10	desět	2000	dvě tysęčy

Ordinal

Number	Cardinal	Number	Cardinal
0	nôlövyĵ	11	jedennaĵčětyĵ
1	půrvyĵ	20	dvaĵčětyĵ
2	vtoryĵ	21	dvaĵčě půrvyĵ
3	tretïĵ	30	triĵčětyĵ
4	četvůrtyĵ	40	četyriĵčětyĵ
5	pětyĵ	50	pětdesětyĵ
6	šestyĵ	100	stotyĵ
7	sedmyĵ	200	dvôhsůtyĵ
8	osmyĵ	237	dvěstě triĵčě sedmyĵ
9	devětyĵ	1000	tysęčnyĵ
10	desětyĵ	2000	dvôhtysęčnyĵ

Lexicon

Lexicon is made up from all slavonic languages. Now the vocabulary of Novoslovnica is about 2,5 thousand words and is developing.

Translations

Sample translations

English - All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
Latin version - Vsě lüdskï sųštestvy su rođany svobodnymi i råvnymi v dostoĵnostï i pravah. Oni su obdareny råzumom i sověstïü i musüt postųpati jeden do drugoga v duhu bratstva. Cyrrilic version - Всѣ людскi сѫществы су роџаны свободными и рåвными в достойностi и правах. Они су обдарены рåзумом и совѣстiю и мусют постѫпати jеден до другога в духу братства.

English - Language is the human ability to acquire and use complex systems of communication, and a language is any specific example of such a system. The scientific study of language is called linguistics. Estimates of the number of languages in the world vary between 5,000 and 7,000. However, any precise estimate depends on a partly arbitrary distinction between languages and dialects.
Latin version - Jazyk je lüdsko uměnïë zjiskati i korystovati složny uklady občövanä, i jazyk je vsęk konkreten priklad ovoï uklady. Naučno izučene jazykov sę zova linĝvistikoĵ. Ocěna ličovstva jazykov sę měnäje među pětïü i sedemïü tysęčami. Jednak, vsęky ocěny zavïsut od častične sámovôľnoga råzličenä jazykov i dïalektov. Cyrrilic version - Jазык jе людско умѣнiє зjискати и корыстовати сложны уклады обчёваня, и jазык jе всѧк конкретен приклад овоï уклады. Научно изучене jазыков сѧ зова линґвистикой. Оцѣна личовства jазыков сѧ мѣняjе меџу пѣтiю и седемiю тысѧчами. Jеднак, всѧкы оцѣны завiсут од частичне сáмовôльнога рåзличеня jазыков и дiалектов.

External links

• [1] Novoslovnica in CALS
• [2] The official page of the language
• [3] The page on ConWorkShop
• [4] The wiki in Novoslovnica
• [5] The article about Novoslovnica in eLibrari