Brytho-Hellenic

Brytho-Hellenic
Elynig (to kaen)
Pronunciation	[[Help:IPA|ɛ'lə:ni 'tɔ 'kai̯n]]
Created by	–
Native to	Elas to Kaen
Native speakers	52 millions (2012)
Language family	Indo-European Hellenic Celto-Hellenic Brytho-Hellenic
Official status
Official language in	Elas to Kaen
Language codes
ISO 639-1	el
ISO 639-2	ely
ISO 639-3	ely
New Greece or "Elas to Kaen"

General information

Brytho-Hellenic, Brythohellenic or simply Neohellenic (the native name is Elynig) is a language that is spoken nowadays in a different timeline in a country that corresponds almost exactly to our England and to our Wales. In that timeline the Persians have won the wars against Greece and the Greeks have been forced to emigrate and to flee. Firstly the Greeks find protection in Magna Graecia, but, as the Persians conquer those territories, they shift to Northern Italy, where the Romans withstand the Persian troops. In 389 b.C. Rome is destroyed and both Romans and Greeks flee to Carthage, enemy of the Persian empire. Together they try to attack the Persian fleet, but they are defeated again. In the last days of 382 b.C. an imposing expedition sails away from a harbour on the coast of New Carthage - our Cartagena in Spain. Its mission is to find new territories where they can live in peace and prosperity, far from the Persian threat. In 381 b.C. Conon the Athenian and his Greeks reach our Scilly Islands: they have chosen to sail northward, because they had heard about legends that spoke about a fertile and grassy island in the North. It is the beginning of the New Greece or Elas to Kaen (IPA ['ɛlas 'tɔ 'kai̯n]).

Phonology

Alphabet

After the defeat against the Persians almost the entire Greek people fled towards Roman territory: Rome triplicated its population and was greekized. During their living together Greeks and Romans used mainly the Greek language to communicate, whereas the Latin language became a secondary and socially lower language, spoken mainly by common people. Nevertheless - almost incomprehensibly - the Greeks adopted the Latin alphabet, maybe trying to be understood even by the lower social classes. As we are talking about the modern language, we don't consider the first versions of the alphabet that were used in ancient times. The alphabet of Brythohellenic contains 21 letters:

Letters	Pronunciation	Further informations
a	[a]	-
b	[b]	-
d	[d]	-
e	[ɛ]	it is always pronounced open
f	[f]	-
g	[g] / [ʝ] / [h] ([x]) / [ ]	in front of a, o, u it is always pronunced as in the English word get; in front of e, i, y it sounds like y in the English yet, but the tongue is positioned more frontward; when it precedes another consonant that is not w, it is pronounced like h in the English hot, even if some speakers tend to pronounce it as ch of the German ach, and others don't pronounce it at all; in the endings -eg and -ig it is not pronounced
h	[h]	-
i	[i] / [j]	often it forms a diphthong when precedes or follows another vowel
k	[k] / [ʃ]	in front of a, o, u it is always pronunced as in the English word kite; in front of e, i, y it sounds like sh in the English show
l	[l]	-
m	[m]	-
n	[n]	-
o	[ɔ] / [o]	it can be either open or closed, but it doesn't affect the meaning
p	[p]	-
r	[r]	trilled just as in Italian
s	[s]	always voiceless
t	[t]	-
u	[u]	-
v	[v]	-
w	[w]	-
y	[i] / [ǝ] / [e] / [j]	in monosyllabic words it is read as [i], in polysyllabic words it is read [i] if in the last syllable, otherwise [ǝ]; often it is read [j] if precedes or follows another vowel; in the North-East the speakers pronounce it [e] in the positions where it should be pronounced [ǝ]

A circumflex accent over the y indicates that it is read as [i] even if it is in a position where it would be read as [ǝ] or [j], ex.: sŷvadh, "body" (IPA ['si:vað]).

Consonantal phonemes

Brythohellenic has the following consonantic phonemes:

Phonemes	Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Palatal	Velar	Glottal
Stop	p b			t d			k g
Affricate
Nasal	m	(ɱ)		n			(ŋ)
Fricative		f v	θ ð	s	ʃ	ʝ	(x)	h
Approximant				r̥ r		j	w
Lateral approximant				l

In the South-Western area (our Cornwall) the h within words is pronounced as [x].

Vocalic phonemes

Brythohellenic has the following vowel system:

Phonemes
Opening	Front	Back
Closed	i	u
Mid-closed	e	o
Mid-open	ɛ	ɔ
Open	a

Diphthongs and digraphs

In Brythohellenic there are 23 diphthongs, that is clusters of two vowels pronounced with a single emission of air. These diphthongs are:

Diphthongs	Pronunciation
ae, ai, ay	[ai̯]
au	[au̯]
ei, ey	[ɛi̯] / [ei̯]
eu	[ø]
ia, ya	[ja]
ie, ye	[jɛ] / [je]
io, yo	[jɔ] / [jo]
iu, yu	[ju]
oe, oi, oy	[ɔi̯] / [oi̯]
wa	[wa]
we	[wɛ] / [we]
wi	[wi]
wo	[wɔ] / [wo]
wy	[wi] / [wə]

Brythohellenic has got three digraphs: dh [ð], th [θ], and rh [r̥], which is rare enough.

Stress

Ancient Greek has undergone deep changes during its coexistence with Latin and above all with the Brythonic languages. Two main changes have been:

• often the hiatus with 'i' has become a diphthong, ex.: σοφία > *σόφια > seif, "knowledge";
• almost always the last syllable has fallen, ex.: καινός > kaen, "new"; θάνατος > thanadh, "death".

These two phoenomena have influenced heavily the stress system of Brythohellenic. Nowadays the stress steadily falls on the last but one syllable: this means that in the plural forms of nouns it shifts, ex.: thalas ['θalas], "sea" > thalasas [θa'lasas], "seas"; aelur ['ai̯lur], "cat" > aeluroe [ai̯'luroi̯], "cats".

Grammar

Nouns, gender and number

Even if Ancient Greek had three genders and three numbers, the system simplified a lot and Modern Elynig has got two genders - masculine and feminine - and two numbers - singular and plural. It is hard to distinguish the gender of a noun, because there are not specific gender-linked endings: mostly nouns end with consonant regardless for the gender. Forming plural is not so complicated, as there are only three plural endings:

• oe, that is typical of masculine nouns;
• ae, that is used with feminine nouns;
• as, less spread and used with both masculine and feminine nouns.

Unfortunately there are also some irregularities which have to be learned by heart, ex.: the plural of yth, "fish", is ŷthias; the plural of gy, "earth", is gae; the plural of yr, "water", is ydhas, and so on. Irregular nouns, however, are few. Here is a list of nouns with plural form:

Singular	Plural	Gender	Meaning	Singular	Plural	Gender	Meaning
lidh	lidhoe	masculine	stone	pud	podas	masculine	foot
hyr	hyrae	feminine	land	oran	oranoe	masculine	sky, heaven
kryvid	kryvidas	feminine	shoe	fys	fŷdhas	masculine	light
biodh	biodhoe	masculine	life	lys	lŷsae	feminine	language
thyr	thyras	masculine	animal	bivyl	bivloe	masculine	book
eyv	avae	feminine	love	alŷvig	alŷvigae	masculine	fox
koeran	koeranoe	masculine	lord	koerein	koeranae	feminine	lady
einyr	annyr	masculine	man	gnyg	gnaeg	feminine	woman
kyr	keirdae	feminine	heart	kefeil	kefalae	feminine	head
tov	tovoe	masculine	place	kron	kronoe	masculine	time
odhyr	odhroe	masculine	morning	yver	yverae	feminine	day
dyl	dylae	feminine	afternoon	efer	eferae	feminine	evening
nith	nithas	feminine	night	helyn	helynae	feminine	moon
keldh	keldhoe	masculine	priest	kyldh	keldhae	feminine	priestess
denyr	denyras	masculine	tree	gadh	gadhas	masculine	hand
dyr	deras	masculine	star	omadh	omadhas	masculine	eye
keidydh	keidydhas	masculine	teacher	fil	filoe	masculine	friend
ethyr	ethroe	masculine	enemy	edhaer	edhaeroe	masculine	lover
kyn	kinoe	masculine	dog	kom	komoe	masculine	world

Loan words

As the Greeks reached Great Britain found a completely new world, full of animals and plants they had never seen. Celtic people had highly different customs and beliefs and spoke an unintelligible language. Even if the Greeks considered them to be barbarian, they were the "owners" of the new land, so Greeks had to learn to live together with Brythons and to forget about prejudices like "superiority" or "inferiority". During the coexistence and the mixing with Brythons, the Greeks have adopted some Celtic words:

Original word	Singular	Plural	Gender	Meaning
derwen	darwyn	darwenae	feminine	oak
derwydd	darwydh	darwydhas	masculine	priest, magician, druid
bryn	bryn	brynae	feminine	hill
nifwl	nivyl	nivloe	masculine	mist, fog
llyn	lyn	lynoe	masculine	lake
gwellt	gweldh	gweldhas	feminine	grass
ofydd	ovydh	ovydhas	masculine	ovate
bardos	bard	bardas	masculine	poet
awen	awyn	awenae	feminine	inspiration
bleydh	bleydh	bleydhas	masculine	wolf
lowarth	lowarth	lowarthas	feminine	paradise

Some words have a counterpart whose meaning has shifted: from the Greek ουάτις, a word mentioned by Strabo and of Proto-Celtic origin (*vatis), comes gweidh, "astute person" < "one who can predict the moves of enemies" < "soothsayer". From the same root comes of course the Brythonic word ofydd, that has been taken as loan once the Greeks reached Great Britain. Another example is the word bard, that has substituted the Ancient Greek ἀοιδός, whose descendant, awid, has got the meaning of "artist". Even the word awyn has substituted another Greek word, daevon < *δαιμόνος < δαιμόνιον, that now has the meaning of "puck, spirit"; the plural Awenae is also used to mean Mosae, plural of Mos < Mοῦσα, "Muse".

Formation of feminine

It isn't easy to distinguish between a masculine and a feminine noun, because there is no gender-linked ending. However, when we speak about entities that have got a physical gender, such as people and animals, it can be useful to be able to distinguish between masculine and feminine gender. Mostly the feminine form of such nouns come from the masculine one by adding some suffixes:

• -yr (pl. -(y)rae), mostly added to masculine nouns ending with -ydh and denoting agent, ex.: melbydh (= "singer") > melbydhyr (plural: melbydhrae);
• -ein (pl. -anae), added to many nouns, ex.: ethyr > ethrein (plural: ethranae); fil > filein (plural: filanae);
• -ei- (pl. -a-ae), that replaces the ending a + consonant of many masculine nouns, ex.: elaf (= "deer") > eleif (plural: elafae); maw (= "sorcerer") > meiw (= "witch") (plural: mawae).

Sometimes the feminine form is obtained by changing the last vowel, ex.: keldh > kyldh (plural: keldhae).

Articles

Brythohellenic hasn't got indefinite article, to translate phrases like "a cat" or "some women" we have just to omit the article: aelur means both "a cat" and "cat", and gnaeg means both "some women" and "women". There is only one kind of article, the definite one: this article is used to talk about well known things that are familiar to the speakers, because they have already been talked about, or because they belong to the experiences baggage of the speakers, that is we use the definite article to talk about known informations, to talk about determined informations. The definite article has got one invariable form, to, that is used both for masculine and feminine nouns, for singular and plural nouns: to omyr, "the rain"; to sŷvadh, "the body"; to lŷsae, "the languages"; to nysoe, "the islands", and so on.

When a noun is determined, that is preceded by the article or other determiners (such as possessives or demonstratives) and is followed by an adjective - in standard Elynig the adjectives always follow the substantives - the article shifts bewtween noun and adjective, ex.:

• to omyr > omyr to sŷrin (= "the cold rain", lit. "rain the cold (one)");
• to nysoe > nysoe to euwedhoe (= "the fertile islands", lit. "islands the fertile (ones)").

Even when a noun doesn't need the article - for example proper nouns - it appears between this noun and the possible adjective, ex.:

• Elas (= "Greece") > Elas to Kaen (= "New Greece", lit. "Greece the New (one)");¹
• Elyn (= "Helena") > Elyn to plyd kalin (= "the most beautiful Helena", lit. "Helena the most beautiful (one)").

¹ Nowadays they tend to use the word Elas to mean Elas to Kaen, while the "Old Greece" is known as Elas to Paladh.

Adjectives

Elynig adjectives always follow the noun(s) they are referred to: when the noun is undetermined they simply follow it, but, when the noun is determined, then the definite article, to, is put between the noun and the adjective. Usually adjectives' singular form is identical for masculine and feminine, even if there can be exceptions, the plural forms are two, instead: one for masculine, ending in -oe, and one for feminine, ending in -ae. Some adjectives:

Singular	Masculine plural	Feminine plural	Meaning	Singular	Masculine plural	Feminine plural	Meaning
ywydh	ywydhoe	ywydhae	good	keigin	keiginoe	keiginae	bad
magar (f. magaer)	magaroe	magarae	happy	lyr	lŷroe (!)	lŷrae (!)	sad
egrin	egrinoe	egrinae	tall / high	thaval	thavaloe	thavalae	short
kalin	kalinoe	kalinae	beautiful / goodlooking	aehyr	aehroe	aehrae	ugly
mal (f. meyl)	maloe	malae	big / great	migrin	migrinoe	migrinae	little / small
paladh	paladhoe	paladhae	old	yvig	yvigoe	yvigae	young
thenar	thenaroe	thenarae	strong	athyn	athynoe	athynae	weak
thervin	thervinoe	thervinae	hot	sŷrin	sŷrinoe	sŷrinae	cold
frigyd	frigŷdoe (!)	frigŷdae (!)	terrible	plys	plysoe	plysae	near / close
aveghyn	aveghŷnoe (!)	aveghŷnae (!)	far / distant	kymig	kymigoe	kymigae	tired

Some usage examples:

• migrin + aelur > aelur migrin (= "(a) little cat");
• mal + to einyr > einyr to mal (= "the big man");
• kymig + to koerein vuh > koerein vuh to kymig (= "my tired lady").

Comparative

The higher degree comparative is usually formed with the word wa that precedes the adjective to which is referred, the second term is introduced by y ex.:

• Andh wa kalin y denyr > A flower more beautiful than a tree.

In the written language it is still used the old form with the suffix -yn, ex.:

• Andh kaldhyn y denyr > A flower more beautiful than a tree.

The same degree comparative is formed with the periphrasis udhys + adjective + yfer, ex.:

• Andh udhys kalin yfer denyr > A flower as beautiful as a tree,

The lower degree comparative is formed with the periphrasis yvon or mŷon + adjective + y, ex.:

• Andh yvon/mŷon kalin y denyr > A flower less beautiful than a tree.

Adjectives with an irregular higher degree comparative

Some adjectives have got an irregular form of higher degree comparative:

Positive	Comparative	Positive	Comparative
ywydh	arydhyn	keigin	ysyn
kalin	kaldhyn	reid (= "easy")	rayn
migrin	elasyn	mal	mysyn
polys (= "many/much")	plydhyn	alwyn (= "painful/agonizing")	eildhyn

Irregular higher degree comparatives are used as normal comparatives, ex.:

• Hi's arydhyn y ey - You are better than me.

The comparative form is the same for both masculine and feminine nouns, but in the plural the two forms are different: arydhŷnoe vs. arydhŷnae. The -y- of the ending -yn becomes -ŷ- in the plural.

Superlative

The superlative degree is generally formed with the word plyd, that precedes the adjective to which is referred. The relative superlative is the same form of the absolute superlative, but it takes the definite article and is generally followed by a limitation, that is expressed with en (= "in") / evan (= "of"), ex.:

• Andh to plyd kalin en to kom - The most beautiful flower in the world.

In the written language it is also used the old superlative with the suffix -yd:

• Andh to kalyd evan to kom - The most beautiful flower of the world.

Adjectives with an irregular superlative

The same adjectives that have an irregular higher degree comparative have got also an irregular superlative form:

Positive	Comparative	Superlative	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
ywydh	arydhyn	eiryd	keigin	ysyn	ygyd
kalin	kaldhyn	kalyd	reid	rayn	rad
migrin	elasyn	eleighyd	mal	mysyn	meyd
polys	plydhyn	plyd	alwyn	eildhyn	alwyd

Other adjectives form the comparative and the superlative degree regularly, ex.:

Positive	Comparative	Superlative
paladh	wa paladh / paladhyn	plyd paladh / paladhyd
lyr	wa lyr / lŷryn	plyd lyr / lŷryd
egrin	wa egrin / egrinyn	plyd egrin / egrinyd
plys	wa plys / plysyn	plyd plys / plysyd

The superlative has got only one singular form, in the plural masculine and feminine are different, ex.: eiryd > eirŷdoe, eirŷdae. Even in the plural of superlative, the -y- of the ending -yd becomes -ŷ-.

Numerals

Numerals don't inflect. Here are the numerals from 0 to 100:

Number	Cardinal	Ordinal	Number	Cardinal	Ordinal
0	uden	-	1	eis	prydh
2	dioh	deudher	3	trys	tridh
4	tethar	tethardh	5	pen	pendh
6	es	eth	7	eft	eudodh
8	oth	owodh	9	neah	enadh
10	deg	degadh	11	enneg	ennegadh
12	dydeg	dydegadh	13	trydeg	trydegadh
14	tethardeg	tethardegadh	15	penneg	pennegadh
16	edheg	edhegadh	17	efteg	eftegadh
18	othŷdeg	othŷdegadh	19	neadeg	neadegadh
20	iwaen	iwaed	21	iwaen sin eis	iwaed sin prydh
22	iwaen sin dioh	iwaed sin deudher	30	iwaen-deg	iwaendegadh
31	iwaen-deg sin eis	iwaendegadh sin prydh	40	dioewaen	dioewaed
50	dioewaen-deg	dioewaendegadh	60	triwaen	triwaed
70	triwaen-deg	triwaen-degadh	80	tetharwaen	tetharwaed
90	tetharwaen-deg	tetharwaendegadh	100	egadh	egadhod

From egadh on, the numbers can be masculine or feminine:

Number	Cardinal	Ordinal	Number	Cardinal	Ordinal
200	diagesioe/ae	diagesiod	300	trygesioe/ae	trygesiod
400	tethragesioe/ae	tethragesiod	500	pennagesioe/ae	pennagesiod
600	esagesioe/ae	esagesiod	700	eftagesioe/ae	eftagesiod
800	othagesioe/ae	othagesiod	900	enagesioe/ae	enagesiod
1000	hilioe/ae	hiliod	2000	diahilioe/ae	diahiliod
3000	tryhilioe/ae	tryhiliod	4000	tethrahilioe/ae	tethrahiliod
5000	pennahilioe/ae	pennahiliod	6000	esahilioe/ae	esahiliod
7000	eftahilioe/ae	eftahiliod	8000	othahilioe/ae	othahiliod
10000	mirioe/ae	miriod	11000	mirioe/ae sin hilioe/ae	miriod sin hiliod
20000	dimirioe/ae	dimiriod	100000	egadh-hilioe	egadh-hiliod
500000	pennagesioe-hilioe	pennagesioe-hiliod	1000000	kryn	krynod
2000000	dioh krynoe	deudher krynod	1000000	riagryn	riagryd

Pronouns and kinds of adjectives

Personal pronouns

Brythohellenic personal pronouns have three cases: nominative, accusative, and dative.

Case	1st person
	Singular		Plural
Nominative	ey		vys
Accusative	ve		vas
Dative	voe		vin
Case	2nd person
	Singular		Plural
Nominative	hi		fy
Accusative	se		fas
Dative	soe		fyn
Case	3rd person
	Masculine s.	Feminine s.	Masculine pl.	Feminine pl.
Nominative	o	ŷ	oe	ae
Accusative	ton	tyn	tus	tas
Dative	ty	ty	toes	taes

In a sentence the pronouns in dative case are positioned before of those in accusative case, so prepositions can be omitted, ex.:

• Didu voe tyn - Give it to me.

The neuter pronoun it is translated in Brythohellenic with ŷ. The feminine pronoun ŷ is written with the circumflex to be distinguished from the preposition y (= "than"). When there are a pronoun and a noun, the pronoun always precedes the noun, ex.:

• Didu tyn brys to koerein - Give it to the lady;
• Didu ty to kyn - Give her the dog.

Demonstratives

There are two demonstratives: udh (= "this") and egyn (= "that"). The first demonstrative matches perfectly the first person, whereas the second one matches both the second and the third person:

Person	Adverb	Demonstrative	Meaning
1st	naudh	udh	this
2nd	kyh	egyn	that
3rd

Demonstratives always follow the nouns they are referred to, and the nouns take also the article, ex.:

• To aelur udh - This cat.

Demonstratives also got plural forms:

Number	Udh	Egyn
Singular	udh (f. aydh)	egyn
Plural	dhoe (f. dhae)	egynoe (f. egynae)

Some examples:

• Ey'v en to oeg udh - I'm in this house;
• Ey erhyv e tho oeg egyn - I come from that house.

Possessives

Possessives are the same when they're used as both adjectives and pronouns and they can either take or not the article:

Person	Possessive
ey	vuh
hi	suh
o	tuh
ŷ	tys
vys	nyn
fy	fyn
oe / ae	tyn

Possessives derive from the ancient genitive of the personal pronouns and don't inflect. Here are some examples:

• To aelur vuh > To vuh - My cat > Mine;
• To kyn suh > To suh - Your dog > Yours;
• To gny tuh > To tuh - His wife > His;
• To einyr tys > To tys - Her man > Hers;
• To thyr nyn > To nyn - Our animal > Ours;
• To fil fyn > To fyn - Your friend > Yours;
• To kyr tyn > To tyn - Their heart > Theirs.

Plural:

• To aeluroe vuh > To vuh - My cats > Mine;
• To kinoe suh > To suh - Your dogs > Yours;
• To gnaeg tuh > To tuh - His wifes > His;
• To annyr tys > To tys - Her men > Hers;
• To thyras nyn > To nyn - Our animals > Ours;
• To filoe fyn > To fyn - Your friends > Yours;
• To keirdae tyn > To tyn - Their hearts > Theirs.

Relatives and 'interro-exclamatories'

Interrogative pronouns, which are used also to make exclamations, function also as relatives:

Case	Tis (who)	Ti (what)
Nominative	tis	ti
Accusative	ten	ti
Dative	ty	ty
Genitive	tun	tun

Ex.:

• Tis ys o? - Who is he?
• Tis kalin kyn! - What a beautiful dog!
• Tun ys to bivyl udh? - Whose is this book?
• Ty elehas tyn? - Whom have you said it to?
• To egyn ys to gny ten ey avyv - That is the woman whom I love.

Indefinites

Indefinites give us incomplete informations, because they don't define the precise quantity or the identity:

Indefinite	Meaning
ydhis	someone/anyone
eidhi	something/anything
mydys	nobody
myden	nothing
egad	each
pan	all
edher	other
ovodh	same, self

When pan is used as adjective, it has the singular form pas and the plural forms panas for masculine and pasae for feminine. Also edher has got plural: edheroe for masculine and edherae for feminine.

Indefinites can be formed also with the word ylin:

• To ylinoe/ae - The others;
• Krysys eidhi ylin? - Do you need something else?
• Gnokys ŷ ydhis ylin? - Does she know someone else?

Vocabulary

Colour terms

The colour system of Brythohellenic is particular, because, except white, black and red, colours' names derive from flowers or natural elements. Historians have supposed that as the Greeks of Conon reached Great Britain they used natural elements to estabilish a first contact between their languagage and the language of Celtic people. There are also other colour terms that come from Ancient Greek, such as klyr (= "green"), porhyr (= "purple-red"), arwirin (= "silver") or hegin (= "bronze-coloured"), but they are old-fashioned nowadays and they are used almost exclusively in literature.

Colour terms
Source	Brythohellenic	English
μέλαινα (Ancient Greek)	melaen	black
κελαινός (Ancient Greek); furvus (Latin)	kelaen; fyrg	dark, obscure
λαμπρός (Ancient Greek)	leimyr	light, pale, fair
lividus (Latin), llwyd (Welsh), disliw (Cornish)	liwys (pl. liwŷs-)	grey
gwyn (Welsh), gwynn (Cornish)	gwyn	white
φαλακρός (Ancient Greek) x eglur (Welsh)	faeglyr	bright, lucid
rudhvelyn (Cornish), "orange"	velin	orange
ἐρυθρός (Ancient Greek), rhudd (Welsh), rudh (Cornish)	ridhyr	red
πορφυροῦς (Ancient Greek)	porhyr	purple-red
gwaed (Welsh), "blood"	gwaedin	burgundy
crinllys (Welsh), "violet (flower)"	krilysin	violet, purple
ινδικόν (Ancient Greek), "that comes from India"	ynnig	indigo
χλωρός (Ancient Greek); gwels (Cornish), "grass"	klyr (pl. klŷr-); gwylsin	green
ebron (Cornish), "sky"	brenin	light blue, cyan
θάλασσα (Ancient Greek), "sea"	thaleisin	dark blue
mêl (Welsh), mel (Cornish), "honey"	mylin	yellow
dur (Cornish), "earth"	dyrin	brown
χρυσός (Ancient Greek), "gold"; owr (Cornish), "gold";	krysin; ŷrin	golden
rosen (Cornish), "rose"	rysin	pink
ἄργυρος (Ancient Greek), "star"; steren (Cornish), "star"	arwirin; ysdrin	silver
χαλκός (Ancient Greek), "bronze"; efydd (Welsh), "bronze"	helgin; yvydhin	bronze-coloured

Colours in Brytho-Hellenic.