Nurian: Difference between revisions
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The spelling to the left is the "hard" vowel, and the spelling to the right indicates its "soft" counterpart. | |||
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Revision as of 03:37, 10 November 2015
Nurian is a Talsmic language descending from Themsarian. It is spoken alongside Zutarlic languages, Clofabic languages and New World Reber Wiebian.
Phonology
Arabo-Lithuanian
Consonants
Nurian has consonants in hard-soft pairs, similar to Slavic languages.
Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Radical | Glottal | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
plain | pal. | plain | pal. | plain | pal. | |||||||
Nasal | m | mʲ | n̪ | nʲ | ɳ | ɲ̄ | ŋ | |||||
Stop /Affricate |
tenuis | p | pʲ | t̪ | tʲ | ʈ | tɕ | k | ||||
voiced | b | bʲ | d̪ | dʲ | ɖ | dʑ | g | |||||
Fricative | voiceless | f | fʲ | θ | s | sʲ | ʂ | ɕ | x | ħ | h | |
voiced | ð | z | zʲ | ʐ | ʑ | ɣ | ʕ | |||||
Trill | r | rʲ | ||||||||||
Approximant | central | ʋ | ʋʲ | ɻ | j | |||||||
lateral | ɫ | lʲ | ɭ |
Palatalization
- /θ s/ palatalize to /sʲ/
- /ð z/ palatalize to /zʲ/
- /ŋ k g x ɣ/ palatalize to /ɲ̄ tɕ dʑ ɕ ʑ/
Vowels
The spelling to the left is the "hard" vowel, and the spelling to the right indicates its "soft" counterpart.
Front | Central | Back | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
short | long | short | long | short | long | |
Close | y, i /ɪ/ | ȳ, ī /iː/ | u, iu /ʊ/ | ū, iū /uː/ | ||
Mid | o, io /o/ | ao/ō, iō /oː/ | ||||
Open | e [ɛ] | ae, ē /æː/ | a, ia /ɐ/ | ā, iā /aː/ |
ia and e both represent [ɛ], the allophone of /ɐ/ after palatalized consonants.
Diphthongs: ai, iai /ɐɪ/ au, iau /ɐʊ/
Grammar
Somewhat unusually, Nurian is verb-final with prepositions and modifier-modified order.