Middle Wiebian: Difference between revisions

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German gib > Irish gib > Middle Chinese gib > Hiberno-Chinese pseudo-gib
{{Infobox language
|image =
|imagesize =
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|nativename = ''Wieb-Muts''
|pronunciation=
|region = Wiebermein
|familycolor=Gamedan
|fam1= [[Gamedan languages|Gamedan]]
|fam2= [[Wiebian]]
|script=Wiebian script
|iso3=qwb
|notice=IPA
}}
 
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' is the ancestor language of [[Zwehrer]] and [[Gaufian|Gauf Wiebian]] lects.
==Orthography==
:''See also: [[Wiebian/Script]].''
 
==Historical phonology==
===AW inventory===
<poem>
Ancient Wiebian:
ɪ iː ʏ yː ʊ uː
ɛ eː œ øː ɔ oː
a aː
ɪɐ iːɐ ʏɐ yːɐ ʊɐ uːɐ
ɛɐ eːɐ œɐ øːɐ ɔɐ oːɐ
aɐ aːɐ
aʊ aɪ ɔʏ
aʊɐ aɪɐ ɔʏɐ
ə
</poem>
===Sound changes===
====AW > Pre-OZw====
*Vʀɐ > Vɐ
*ɪɐ iːɐ > iɐ, ʏɐ yːɐ > yɐ, ʊɐ uːɐ > uɐ, aɐ a:ɐ > aɐ
*ai > əi / _(voiceless) (after AV)
*au >  əʊ / _(voiceless)
*ɔʏ >  əʏ / _(voiceless)
*əl > ʊ in unstressed syllables
====Initial changes====
*ts > s
*Cv > Cw
*Pr Br Fr r > ʈ ɖ ʂ ʐ
=====Aspiration=====
*sp/pf sb st sd sʈ sɖ s! sg! sk sg > pʰ bʰ tʰ dʰ ʈʰ ɖʰ !ʰ g!ʰ kʰ gʰ
*sv sz > wʰ s
*sm sn > mʰ nʰ
 
=====Séimhiú=====
*Vp Vb Vt Vd Vʈ Vɖ V! Vg! Vk Vg > f v θ ð ʂ ʐ ɧ ɧ̬ x ɣ
*Vf Vv Vs Vz > ʔ ɦ h ɦ
*Vm Vl > v j
*aspirated consonants mutate the same as non-aspirated ones, except: mʰ > wʰ, nʰ > nʰ, lʰ > wʰ, wʰ > wʰ
 
=====Urú=====
*np nb nt nd nʈ nɖ n! ng! nk ng > b m d n ɖ ɳ g! ŋ! g ŋ
*nf ns nɧ > v z ɧ̬
*nsm nsn > m n
*nsp nst nsʈ ns! (nsk) > mʰ nʰ ɳʰ ŋʰ! ŋʰ
*nsl > l
=====Pharyngealization split=====
*Cl, Cʀ > Cˁ
*s-ʀ > hˁ, ʀ > ʔˁ
 
=====Other changes=====
*v > w
 
====Pre-OZw > OZw====
*a aː > æ æː
*e i o u ø y > æ e ɑ o æ ø / _Cɐ
*eː iː oː øː uː yː > jaː eː waː ɥaː oː øː / _Cɐ
*a e i ø y > ɑ ø y o u / _Cʊ
*aː eː iː > oː øː yː / _Cʊ
*final ɐ, ʊ lost
*ai aw ay > eː oː øː
*iɐ̯ eɐ̯ > iːa
*ɛɐ̯ > jaː
*uɐ̯ oɐ̯ > uːa
*ɔɐ̯ > waː
*yɐ̯ > yːa
*øɐ̯ > ɥaː
*aɐ̯ > æː
*ˁæ ˁe ˁi ˁo ˁø ˁu ˁy > ˁɑ ˁæ ˁe ˁɑ ˁæ ˁo ˁø
*ˁaː ˁeː ˁiː ˁoː ˁøː ˁuː ˁyː > ˁɑː ˁaw ˁew ˁaw ˁoy ˁow ˁoy
*ˁVɐ̯ > ˁəa (if V != a)
*ˁaɐ̯ > ˁaː > ˁɑː
*æː eː iː oː uː øː yː > eː iː ai uː aw yː oy (GVS)
*əa > əː
*əi əu əy (both pharyngealized and unpharyngealized) > iː uː yː
*pharyngealization lost; k-series and q-series (kˁ) remain distinct
 
====AW > OZw finals====
*cluster ending in fricative > breathy tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
*cluster ending in plosive > glottalized tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
*-w results from the first consonant in the final being a labial (unless final is single /-p/)
*-j results from /ç, ɧ/ as the first consonant
 
==Phonology==
===Consonants===
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"
|+'''{{PAGENAME}} initials'''
! colspan="2"|
!Labial
!Alveolar
!Retroflex
!Click
!Velar
!Uvular
!Glottal
|-
! rowspan="2"|Nasal
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|/m̊/
|/n̊/
|/ɳ̊/
|/ŋ̊!/
|/ŋ̊/
|/ɴ̊/
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/m/
|/n/
|/ɳ/
|/ŋ!/
|/ŋ/
|/ɴ/
|
|-
! rowspan="3"|Stop
! | <small>tenuis</small>
|/p/
|/t/
|/ʈ/
|/ǃ/
|/k/
|/q/
|/ʔ/
|-
! | <small>aspirated</small>
|/pʰ/
|/tʰ/
|/ʈʰ/
|/ǃʰ/
|/kʰ/
|/qʰ/
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/b/
|/d/
|/ɖ/
|/ɡǃ/
|/ɡ/
|/ɢ/
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Spirants
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|/f/
|/θ/
|
|/ɧ/
|/x/
|/χ/
|/h/
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|
|/ð/
|
|/ɧ̬/
|/ɣ/
|/ʁ/
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Sibilants
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|
|/s/
|/ʂ/
|
|
|
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|
|/z/
|/ʐ/
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Approximant
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|/ʍ/
|/l̥/
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|/w/
|/l/
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
===Vowels===
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"
|+ '''{{PAGENAME}} vowels'''
|-
! rowspan="3" style="width: 90px; "|
! colspan="4" style="width: 180px; " |Front
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Central
! rowspan="2" colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Back
|-
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |<small>rounded</small>
|-
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small>
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small>
|-
! style="" |Close
| /i/
| /iː/
| /y/
| /yː/
|
|
| /u/
| /uː/
|-
! style="" |Mid
| /e/
| /eː/
| /ø/
| /øː/
|
| /əː/
| /ɔ/
| /oː/
|-
! style="" |Open
| /æ/
| /æː/
|
|
|
|
| /ɑ/
| /ɑː/
|}
 
Diphthongs: /ai au oy ja je iːa jaː wa wo uːa waː ɥa ɥø yːa ɥaː aiɐ auɐ oyɐ/
 
===Tones===
*(-p m)
*(-p b)
*(-p g)
*(+p m)
*(+p b)
*(+p g)
 
==Grammar==
For ordinal numerals: ''Schmielke'' 'order' e.g. ''wahm Schmielke Hauer'' 'the first king' (or ''Zwind''? any relation to ''zweid'' 'walk'?)
 
==Phrasebook==
''wahm, discher, narg, đauf, sälisch, stuhm, raut, lerz, pfarb, kier'':
 
va:m, dɪɧɐ, naɐ̯k, g!auf, ze:lɪɧ, ʃtu:m, ʀaut, lɛɐ̯ts, pfaɐ̯p, ki:ɐ̯
 
we:m (-p m), dej (-p b), ne:k (-p g), g!u: (-p b), zi: (-p b), tʰaum (-p m), ʔaut (+p g), lja: (-p b), pʰe:p (-p g), kaiɐ̯ (-p m)
 
 
{{List subpages|caption=Related pages with more information}}
 
[[Category:Gamedan languages]][[Category:Wiebic languages]][[Category:Hussmauch]]

Revision as of 23:37, 6 December 2015

Middle Wiebian
Wieb-Muts
Created byIlL
Gamedan
Language codes
ISO 639-3qwb
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Middle Wiebian is the ancestor language of Zwehrer and Gauf Wiebian lects.

Orthography

See also: Wiebian/Script.

Historical phonology

AW inventory

Ancient Wiebian:
ɪ iː ʏ yː ʊ uː
ɛ eː œ øː ɔ oː
a aː
ɪɐ iːɐ ʏɐ yːɐ ʊɐ uːɐ
ɛɐ eːɐ œɐ øːɐ ɔɐ oːɐ
aɐ aːɐ
aʊ aɪ ɔʏ
aʊɐ aɪɐ ɔʏɐ
ə

Sound changes

AW > Pre-OZw

  • Vʀɐ > Vɐ
  • ɪɐ iːɐ > iɐ, ʏɐ yːɐ > yɐ, ʊɐ uːɐ > uɐ, aɐ a:ɐ > aɐ
  • ai > əi / _(voiceless) (after AV)
  • au > əʊ / _(voiceless)
  • ɔʏ > əʏ / _(voiceless)
  • əl > ʊ in unstressed syllables

Initial changes

  • ts > s
  • Cv > Cw
  • Pr Br Fr r > ʈ ɖ ʂ ʐ
Aspiration
  • sp/pf sb st sd sʈ sɖ s! sg! sk sg > pʰ bʰ tʰ dʰ ʈʰ ɖʰ !ʰ g!ʰ kʰ gʰ
  • sv sz > wʰ s
  • sm sn > mʰ nʰ
Séimhiú
  • Vp Vb Vt Vd Vʈ Vɖ V! Vg! Vk Vg > f v θ ð ʂ ʐ ɧ ɧ̬ x ɣ
  • Vf Vv Vs Vz > ʔ ɦ h ɦ
  • Vm Vl > v j
  • aspirated consonants mutate the same as non-aspirated ones, except: mʰ > wʰ, nʰ > nʰ, lʰ > wʰ, wʰ > wʰ
Urú
  • np nb nt nd nʈ nɖ n! ng! nk ng > b m d n ɖ ɳ g! ŋ! g ŋ
  • nf ns nɧ > v z ɧ̬
  • nsm nsn > m n
  • nsp nst nsʈ ns! (nsk) > mʰ nʰ ɳʰ ŋʰ! ŋʰ
  • nsl > l
Pharyngealization split
  • Cl, Cʀ > Cˁ
  • s-ʀ > hˁ, ʀ > ʔˁ
Other changes
  • v > w

Pre-OZw > OZw

  • a aː > æ æː
  • e i o u ø y > æ e ɑ o æ ø / _Cɐ
  • eː iː oː øː uː yː > jaː eː waː ɥaː oː øː / _Cɐ
  • a e i ø y > ɑ ø y o u / _Cʊ
  • aː eː iː > oː øː yː / _Cʊ
  • final ɐ, ʊ lost
  • ai aw ay > eː oː øː
  • iɐ̯ eɐ̯ > iːa
  • ɛɐ̯ > jaː
  • uɐ̯ oɐ̯ > uːa
  • ɔɐ̯ > waː
  • yɐ̯ > yːa
  • øɐ̯ > ɥaː
  • aɐ̯ > æː
  • ˁæ ˁe ˁi ˁo ˁø ˁu ˁy > ˁɑ ˁæ ˁe ˁɑ ˁæ ˁo ˁø
  • ˁaː ˁeː ˁiː ˁoː ˁøː ˁuː ˁyː > ˁɑː ˁaw ˁew ˁaw ˁoy ˁow ˁoy
  • ˁVɐ̯ > ˁəa (if V != a)
  • ˁaɐ̯ > ˁaː > ˁɑː
  • æː eː iː oː uː øː yː > eː iː ai uː aw yː oy (GVS)
  • əa > əː
  • əi əu əy (both pharyngealized and unpharyngealized) > iː uː yː
  • pharyngealization lost; k-series and q-series (kˁ) remain distinct

AW > OZw finals

  • cluster ending in fricative > breathy tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
  • cluster ending in plosive > glottalized tone, cluster lost w/ compensatory lengthening
  • -w results from the first consonant in the final being a labial (unless final is single /-p/)
  • -j results from /ç, ɧ/ as the first consonant

Phonology

Consonants

Middle Wiebian initials
Labial Alveolar Retroflex Click Velar Uvular Glottal
Nasal voiceless /m̊/ /n̊/ /ɳ̊/ /ŋ̊!/ /ŋ̊/ /ɴ̊/
voiced /m/ /n/ /ɳ/ /ŋ!/ /ŋ/ /ɴ/
Stop tenuis /p/ /t/ /ʈ/ /ǃ/ /k/ /q/ /ʔ/
aspirated /pʰ/ /tʰ/ /ʈʰ/ /ǃʰ/ /kʰ/ /qʰ/
voiced /b/ /d/ /ɖ/ /ɡǃ/ /ɡ/ /ɢ/
Spirants voiceless /f/ /θ/ /ɧ/ /x/ /χ/ /h/
voiced /ð/ /ɧ̬/ /ɣ/ /ʁ/
Sibilants voiceless /s/ /ʂ/
voiced /z/ /ʐ/
Approximant voiceless /ʍ/ /l̥/
voiced /w/ /l/

Vowels

Middle Wiebian vowels
Front Central Back
unrounded rounded
short long short long short long short long
Close /i/ /iː/ /y/ /yː/ /u/ /uː/
Mid /e/ /eː/ /ø/ /øː/ /əː/ /ɔ/ /oː/
Open /æ/ /æː/ /ɑ/ /ɑː/

Diphthongs: /ai au oy ja je iːa jaː wa wo uːa waː ɥa ɥø yːa ɥaː aiɐ auɐ oyɐ/

Tones

  • (-p m)
  • (-p b)
  • (-p g)
  • (+p m)
  • (+p b)
  • (+p g)

Grammar

For ordinal numerals: Schmielke 'order' e.g. wahm Schmielke Hauer 'the first king' (or Zwind? any relation to zweid 'walk'?)

Phrasebook

wahm, discher, narg, đauf, sälisch, stuhm, raut, lerz, pfarb, kier:

va:m, dɪɧɐ, naɐ̯k, g!auf, ze:lɪɧ, ʃtu:m, ʀaut, lɛɐ̯ts, pfaɐ̯p, ki:ɐ̯

we:m (-p m), dej (-p b), ne:k (-p g), g!u: (-p b), zi: (-p b), tʰaum (-p m), ʔaut (+p g), lja: (-p b), pʰe:p (-p g), kaiɐ̯ (-p m)


Related pages with more information
Talk:
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