Iskel: Difference between revisions

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== Syntax ==

=== Semantic Roles ===

There are four primary semantic roles in Iskel, which determine the syntactic structure of the language. They are referred to as the sender (S, {{Sc|snd}}), the message (M, {{Sc|mss}}), the receiver (R, {{Sc|rcv}}), and the transfer (T, {{Sc|trf}}). They loosely overlap with the more commonly known roles of agent, instrument, patient, and verb, respectively, but are distinct and can have any part of speech.

The sender is whatever sets the transfer (or action) in motion in a sentence. Without the sender, the action cannot begin. As an example, the teacher is a sender when teaching a student a lesson.

The message is whatever is causally transferred from the sender to the receiver in the action. Without the message, steps can be taken to initiate the action, but it cannot manifest. As an example, the lesson is a message when a teacher is teaching a student.

The receiver is whatever the message affects as a direct consequence of its sending. Without the receiver, the action can begin, but not end. As an example, the student is the receiver when a teacher is teaching a lesson.

The transfer is the process by which the message is directed from the sender to the receiver. Without the transfer, nothing happens at all despite everything being there to make it happen. As an example, the instruction is the transfer when a teacher is teaching a lesson to a student.

Iskel uses the word order SRTM. The sender is often omitted, only being included when specification is necessary.

=== Role Descriptors ===

Combining with the semantic roles are five role descriptors which are cliticized to the end of the semantic roles. These descriptors detail different relationships a word can have to the semantic role cliticized onto it. They may also be cliticized to the end of the word or another clitic to apply their meaning onto that other morpheme instead. The role descriptors are the present actor ({{Sc|prac}}), that which fills the role in that instance; the potential actor ({{Sc|poac}}), that which can fill the role; the performance ({{Sc|pfmc}}), the filling of the role; the identity ({{Sc|idty}}), the role itself; and the condition ({{Sc|cdtn}}), that which makes it possible to fill the role.

== Morphology ==

Most bound morphemes in Iskel are clitics rather than affixes, since their placement in a word and relative to other clitics is highly variable. Morphemes will be listed in sets of three, reflecting their Lanikel, Kliqel, and Duskel forms, respectively.

Parts of speech:

* Noun ({{Sc|n}}): -''a'' / ''-a'' / ''-a'' (translates to English "the..." or "a...")

* Verb ({{Sc|v}}): -''e'' / ''-e'' / ''-e'' (translates to English "...-ates")

* Adjunct ({{Sc|adj}}): -''o'' / ''-o'' / ''-ê'' (translates to English "that is the... / that is a... / that ...-ates")

Semantic roles:

* Sender ({{Sc|snd}}): ''žâ-'' / ''jô-'' / ''żo-''

* Receiver ({{Sc|rcv}}): ''šâ-'' / ''çô-'' / ''ṡo-''

* Transfer ({{Sc|trf}}): ''ît-'' / ''ît-'' / ''ûdh-''

* Message ({{Sc|mss}}): ''mi-'' / ''mi-'' / ''mi-''

The semantic roles of receiver, transfer, and message are not marked if their position in a word has not changed from the base SRTM order and they are a noun, verb, and noun repsectively.

Role descriptors:

* Present Actor ({{Sc|prac}}):

* Potential Actor ({{Sc|poac}}):

* Performance ({{Sc|pfmc}}):

* Identity ({{Sc|idty}}):

* Condition ({{Sc|cdtn}}):

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+== Syntax ==
+=== Semantic Roles ===
+There are four primary semantic roles in Iskel, which determine the syntactic structure of the language. They are referred to as the sender (S, {{Sc|snd}}), the message (M, {{Sc|mss}}), the receiver (R, {{Sc|rcv}}), and the transfer (T, {{Sc|trf}}). They loosely overlap with the more commonly known roles of agent, instrument, patient, and verb, respectively, but are distinct and can have any part of speech.
+The sender is whatever sets the transfer (or action) in motion in a sentence. Without the sender, the action cannot begin. As an example, the teacher is a sender when teaching a student a lesson.
+The message is whatever is causally transferred from the sender to the receiver in the action. Without the message, steps can be taken to initiate the action, but it cannot manifest. As an example, the lesson is a message when a teacher is teaching a student.
+The receiver is whatever the message affects as a direct consequence of its sending. Without the receiver, the action can begin, but not end. As an example, the student is the receiver when a teacher is teaching a lesson.
+The transfer is the process by which the message is directed from the sender to the receiver. Without the transfer, nothing happens at all despite everything being there to make it happen. As an example, the instruction is the transfer when a teacher is teaching a lesson to a student.
+Iskel uses the word order SRTM. The sender is often omitted, only being included when specification is necessary.
+=== Role Descriptors ===
+Combining with the semantic roles are five role descriptors which are cliticized to the end of the semantic roles. These descriptors detail different relationships a word can have to the semantic role cliticized onto it. They may also be cliticized to the end of the word or another clitic to apply their meaning onto that other morpheme instead. The role descriptors are the present actor ({{Sc|prac}}), that which fills the role in that instance; the potential actor ({{Sc|poac}}), that which can fill the role; the performance ({{Sc|pfmc}}), the filling of the role; the identity ({{Sc|idty}}), the role itself; and the condition ({{Sc|cdtn}}), that which makes it possible to fill the role.
 == Morphology ==
+Most bound morphemes in Iskel are clitics rather than affixes, since their placement in a word and relative to other clitics is highly variable. Morphemes will be listed in sets of three, reflecting their Lanikel, Kliqel, and Duskel forms, respectively.
+Parts of speech:
+* Noun ({{Sc|n}}): -''a'' / ''-a'' / ''-a'' (translates to English "the..." or "a...")
+* Verb ({{Sc|v}}): -''e'' / ''-e'' / ''-e'' (translates to English "...-ates")
+* Adjunct ({{Sc|adj}}): -''o'' / ''-o'' / ''-ê'' (translates to English "that is the... / that is a... / that ...-ates")
+Semantic roles:
+* Sender ({{Sc|snd}}): ''žâ-'' / ''jô-'' / ''żo-''
+* Receiver ({{Sc|rcv}}): ''šâ-'' / ''çô-'' / ''ṡo-''
+* Transfer ({{Sc|trf}}): ''ît-'' / ''ît-'' / ''ûdh-''
+* Message ({{Sc|mss}}): ''mi-'' / ''mi-'' / ''mi-''
+The semantic roles of receiver, transfer, and message are not marked if their position in a word has not changed from the base SRTM order and they are a noun, verb, and noun repsectively.
+Role descriptors:
+* Present Actor ({{Sc|prac}}):
+* Potential Actor ({{Sc|poac}}):
+* Performance ({{Sc|pfmc}}):
+* Identity ({{Sc|idty}}):
+* Condition ({{Sc|cdtn}}):