Magikoe: Difference between revisions
Created page with "'''Magikoe''' [máɟìkó͜e] is a language. == Phonology == {| class="wikitable" ! colspan="2" | !Labial !Alveolar !Palatal !Velar !Glottal |- ! colspan="2" |Nasal |m '''m''' |n '''n''' |ɲ '''ny''' | | |- ! rowspan="3" |Plosive !Aspirate | |tʰ '''t''' | |kʰ '''q''' | |- !Tenuis |p '''p''' |t '''d''' |c '''c''' |k '''k''' |ʔ '''’''' |- !Voiced |b '''b''' | | |ɡ '''g''' | |- ! colspan="2" |Affricate | |t͡s '''ts''' |t͡ʃ '''ch''' | | |- ! colspan="2" |Fricative..." |
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== Syntax == | == Syntax == | ||
The word order is Place-Verb-Time-Topic- | The word order is Place-Verb-Time-Topic-coverb-Noun-CaseNoun. | ||
The topic overlaps strongly with the typical object of a sentence, as it is given much more importance than the agent in most cases outside of when the agent is being emphasized. Verbs with English translations that imply the subject's agency do not necessarily translate as giving the topic agency in the syntax of Magikoe. An example of this being the verb ''rewo'' meaning "to play music". The sentence ''Huru rewori ko''' translates to "The dog is listening to music" even though the direct translation would say "The dog is playing music". The music is being played, but the topic is not the player of the music. | The topic overlaps strongly with the typical object of a sentence, as it is given much more importance than the agent in most cases outside of when the agent is being emphasized. Verbs with English translations that imply the subject's agency do not necessarily translate as giving the topic agency in the syntax of Magikoe. An example of this being the verb ''rewo'' meaning "to play music". The sentence ''Huru rewori ko''' translates to "The dog is listening to music" even though the direct translation would say "The dog is playing music". The music is being played, but the topic is not the player of the music. | ||
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The place word is not inflected for anything and can be any part of speech. | The place word is not inflected for anything and can be any part of speech. | ||
The post- | The post-coverb noun denotes whichever noun fulfills a second role implied by the verb, used for transitive statements. | ||
The verb, topic, and | The verb, topic, and coverb are obligatory in complete sentences. Responses, corrections, and statements of surprise can omit any of them, but the coverb cannot be said alone. | ||
== Morphology == | == Morphology == | ||
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=== Gender === | === Gender === | ||
There are two genders, masculine and feminine, though they do not correspond to masculinity and feminity when applied to humans. They are marked on nouns, verbs, and | There are two genders, masculine and feminine, though they do not correspond to masculinity and feminity when applied to humans. They are marked on nouns, verbs, and coverbs. | ||
The first noun (topic) and second noun always have their own gender. Nouns that follow the second noun always agree with the second noun. Nouns in a clause modifying the topic agree with the gender of the topic. Nouns in a clause modifying a non-topic noun or other word agree with the opposite gender of the word they're modifying, a feature called "gender disagreement". Although adjectives are not marked for gender, adjectives are still said to agree with nouns because in clauses modifying an adjective, it's the noun's gender that is disagreed with. | The first noun (topic) and second noun always have their own gender. Nouns that follow the second noun always agree with the second noun. Nouns in a clause modifying the topic agree with the gender of the topic. Nouns in a clause modifying a non-topic noun or other word agree with the opposite gender of the word they're modifying, a feature called "gender disagreement". Although adjectives are not marked for gender, adjectives are still said to agree with nouns because in clauses modifying an adjective, it's the noun's gender that is disagreed with. | ||
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Verbs agree with the gender of the topic. On vebs, feminine gender is marked with the suffix -''ri'', which elides any preceding consonant and /u/ after a nasal, and raises preceding /o/ to [u] if the /o/ after a nasal. The masculine gender is marked with the suffix ''-am'' which combines with word-final vowels /i e u o a/ to make /jaːm eːm oːm aːm am/. | Verbs agree with the gender of the topic. On vebs, feminine gender is marked with the suffix -''ri'', which elides any preceding consonant and /u/ after a nasal, and raises preceding /o/ to [u] if the /o/ after a nasal. The masculine gender is marked with the suffix ''-am'' which combines with word-final vowels /i e u o a/ to make /jaːm eːm oːm aːm am/. | ||
coverbs agree with the gender of the noun following them. If there is no noun, they are not inflected for gender. The feminine gender is marked with the suffix -''ya'', replacing the preceding vowel or consonant, and the masculine gender is marked with the suffix ''-ta'', which becomes ''-da'' after /m n ʔ/, with /m n/ being deleted. | |||
=== Cases === | === Cases === | ||
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=== Verb === | === Verb === | ||
come: abu (as a | come: abu (as a coverb, denotes futureness or purpose) | ||
give: ene (as a | give: ene (as a coverb, denotes benefit or positivity) | ||
have: a'da (as a | have: a'da (as a coverb, denotes pastness, completion, or experience) | ||
leave: tetso (as a | leave: tetso (as a coverb, denotes purpose, unknown outcome or freedom) | ||
lie down: funui (as a | lie down: funui (as a coverb, denotes ease or willingness) | ||
play music: rewo | play music: rewo | ||
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see: mei | see: mei | ||
sit: ko' (as a | sit: ko' (as a coverb, denotes presentness or focus) | ||
speak: watsai (as a | speak: watsai (as a coverb, denotes hearsay, hypotheticals, or concepts) | ||
stay: qoi (as a | stay: qoi (as a coverb, denotes simultaneity) | ||
write: tamu | write: tamu | ||