Boteyese: Difference between revisions

Line 23:

|stand1 = Standard Boteyese (based on Kodenburg Skaheyese)

|script1 = Latn

|agency = Boteyese Language ~~Council~~ / ''Botjar çOpst ~~aHyngyj~~''

|agency = Boteyese Language Committee / ''Botjar çOpst aRoyjt''

|map = Boteys Map Insert.png

|mapsize = 280px

Line 44:

The [[w:Archipelago|archipelago]]'s endonym ''Botjar'' and the [[w:English language|English]] exonym ''(the) Boteys'' both ultimately derive from [[w:Old Norse|Old Norse]] ''Bóteyjar'', a [[w:Compound (linguistics)|compound]] of {{mn|non|bót|t=bight, cove}} and {{mn|non|ey|eyjar|t=islands}}. The Norse [[w:Plural|plural]] was not adapted into English, thus the name takes the English plural instead; cf. [[w:Orkney|Orkney a.k.a. the Orkneys]]. It has been suggested that the conspicuous absence of a single native word referring to the entire people prior to the arrival of Norse settlement could be indicative of a fractious social order and/or lack of shared cultural consciousness.

The language names derive from the Old Norse lemma also. The modern term ''botajkly'' is the [[w:Participle|participle]] form of the verb ''botajky'' ~~'to~~ speak ~~Boteyese'~~, while its [[w:Archaism|archaic]] equivalent ''botajsky'' is derived with the [[w:Suffix|suffix]] ''-sky'' (Old Boteyese ''-sku''), used to form language names. The archaic suffix is of uncertain origin, but presumably the result of mixed influences from the [[w:Dative|dative]] singular form of early [[w:Modern Swedish|Modern Swedish]] language names (such as in the [[w:Gustav Vasa Bible|Gustav Vasa Bible]] e.g. ''på swensko'') and continental [[w:Slavic languages|Slavic]] i.e. {{mn|zlw-opl|-ski}}.

The language names derive from the Old Norse lemma also. The modern term ''botajkly'' is the [[w:Participle|participle]] form of the verb ''botajky'' “to speak Boteyese”, while its [[w:Archaism|archaic]] equivalent ''botajsky'' is derived with the [[w:Suffix|suffix]] ''-sky'' (Old Boteyese ''-sku''), used to form language names. The archaic suffix is of uncertain origin, but it is presumably the result of mixed influences from the [[w:Dative|dative]] singular form of early [[w:Modern Swedish|Modern Swedish]] language names (such as in the [[w:Gustav Vasa Bible|Gustav Vasa Bible]] e.g. ''på swensko'') and continental [[w:Slavic languages|Slavic]] i.e. {{mn|zlw-opl|-ski}}.

==History==

Line 52:

==Orthography==

Boteyese is written in the [[w:Latin script|Latin script]] with some additional characters formed with [[w:Diacritic|diacritics]], comprising 23 letters in total. The modern [[w:Orthography|orthography]], based on the standard language, is completely [[w:Phonemic orthography|phonemic]] with a one-to-one correspondence between phonemes and [[w:Grapheme|graphemes]], though the pronunciation of some characters varies with respect to dialect and regular allophony.

In addition to the standard set, there are a few letters which have conventionalized names and pronunciations. The letters ⟨q⟩, ⟨w⟩, ⟨x⟩, and ⟨z⟩ are used mainly in the archaic spellings of [[w:Personal name|personal names]], [[w:Toponymy|toponyms]], and non-incorporated [[w:Loanword|loanwords]], while ⟨ž⟩ is mainly used for modern loanwords and [[w:Transliteration|transliterations]] from Russian and other [[w:Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic languages]], thus [[w:Leonid Brezhnev|Leonid Brezhnev]] is adapted as ''Lyjanit Brežnyf''.

The letters ⟨ç⟩ and ⟨ş⟩ are historically modified versions of the [[w:Digraph (orthography)|diagraphs]] ⟨cs⟩ and ⟨ts⟩. As such, they are formally considered to be separate characters and not diacritic character combinations. Nowadays, the original digraphs have seen use in [[Sensational spelling|stylistic spelling]] meant to evoke the [[w:Late Middle Ages|late medieval]] or [[w:Early modern period|early modern period]] even in contexts where this is [[w:Anachronistic|anachronistic]], such as spelling ''fçe'' “year” as ⟨fcse⟩ despite the fact that it would have been spelt ⟨fzē⟩ at the time.

In Boteyese orthography, the [[w:Apostrophe|aprostrophe]] is used to mark [[w:Contraction (grammar)|contraction]], as in many other languages. This most often applies to cliticizing words, such as the subordinator ''at'' (''t'=''), the expletive article ''ret'' (''='t''), or the adverbial negator ''aky'' (''k'='').

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:42%; table-layout:fixed;"

|+ Boteyese Alphabet

! style="width:14%;" | Grapheme

! style="width:14%;" | Name

! style="width:14%;" | Phoneme

|-

| A, a || ''a'' [ˈɑ] || /ɐ/

|-

| B, b || ''be'' [ˈbe] || /b/

|-

| C, c || ''ce'' [ˈt͡ʃe] || /t͡ʃ/

|-

| D, d || ''de'' [ˈde] || /d/

|-

| E, e || ''e'' [ˈe] || /e/

|-

| F, f || ''af'' [ˈɑf] || /f/

|-

| G, g || ''ge'' [ˈɣe] || /ɣ/

|-

| H, h || ''ho'' [ˈho] || /h

|-

| I, i || ''i'' [ˈi] || /i/

|-

| J, j || ''ji'' [ˈji] || /j/

|-

| L, l || ''al'' [ˈɑl] || /l/

|-

| M, m || ''am'' [ˈɑm] || /m/

|-

| N, n || ''an'' [ˈɑn] || /n/

|-

| O, o || ''o'' [ˈo] || /o/

|-

| P, p || ''pe'' [ˈpe] || /p/

|-

| R, r || ''ar'' [ˈɑr] || /r/

|-

| S, s || ''as'' [ˈɑs] || /s/

|-

| T, t || ''te'' [ˈte] || /t/

|-

| U, u || ''u'' [ˈu] || /u/

|-

| V, v || ''ve'' [ˈve] || /v/

|-

| Y, y || ''y'' [ˈɪ] || /ɨ/

|-

| Ç, ç || ''çe'' [ˈʃe] || /ʃ/

|-

| Ş, ş || ''şe'' [ˈθ̠̞e] || /θ/

|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:42%; table-layout:fixed;"

|+ Additional Letters

! style="width:14%;" | Grapheme

! style="width:14%;" | Name

! style="width:14%;" | Phoneme

|-

| Q, q || ''ku'' [ˈku] || /k/

|-

| W, W || ''dybal ve'' [ˈdɪbɐl ˈve] || /v/

|-

| X, x || ''ex'' [ˈes] || /s/

|-

| Z, z || ''zeta'' [ˈʃetɐ] || /ʃ/

|-

| Ž, ž || ''zeta oço't vli'' [ˈʃetɐ ˈoʃ.ot ˈvli] || /ʒ/

|}

==Lexicon==

@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 |stand1            = Standard Boteyese (based on Kodenburg Skaheyese)
 |script1           = Latn
-|agency            = Boteyese Language Council / ''Botjar çOpst aHyngyj''
+|agency            = Boteyese Language Committee / ''Botjar çOpst aRoyjt''
 |map               = Boteys Map Insert.png
 |mapsize           = 280px
@@ Line 44: / Line 44: @@
 The [[w:Archipelago|archipelago]]'s endonym ''Botjar'' and the [[w:English language|English]] exonym ''(the) Boteys'' both ultimately derive from [[w:Old Norse|Old Norse]] ''Bóteyjar'', a [[w:Compound (linguistics)|compound]] of {{mn|non|bót|t=bight, cove}} and {{mn|non|ey|eyjar|t=islands}}. The Norse [[w:Plural|plural]] was not adapted into English, thus the name takes the English plural instead; cf. [[w:Orkney|Orkney a.k.a. the Orkneys]]. It has been suggested that the conspicuous absence of a single native word referring to the entire people prior to the arrival of Norse settlement could be indicative of a fractious social order and/or lack of shared cultural consciousness.
-The language names derive from the Old Norse lemma also. The modern term ''botajkly'' is the [[w:Participle|participle]] form of the verb ''botajky'' 'to speak Boteyese', while its [[w:Archaism|archaic]] equivalent ''botajsky'' is derived with the [[w:Suffix|suffix]] ''-sky'' (Old Boteyese ''-sku''), used to form language names. The archaic suffix is of uncertain origin, but presumably the result of mixed influences from the [[w:Dative|dative]] singular form of early [[w:Modern Swedish|Modern Swedish]] language names (such as in the [[w:Gustav Vasa Bible|Gustav Vasa Bible]] e.g. ''på swensko'') and continental [[w:Slavic languages|Slavic]] i.e. {{mn|zlw-opl|-ski}}.
+The language names derive from the Old Norse lemma also. The modern term ''botajkly'' is the [[w:Participle|participle]] form of the verb ''botajky'' “to speak Boteyese”, while its [[w:Archaism|archaic]] equivalent ''botajsky'' is derived with the [[w:Suffix|suffix]] ''-sky'' (Old Boteyese ''-sku''), used to form language names. The archaic suffix is of uncertain origin, but it is presumably the result of mixed influences from the [[w:Dative|dative]] singular form of early [[w:Modern Swedish|Modern Swedish]] language names (such as in the [[w:Gustav Vasa Bible|Gustav Vasa Bible]] e.g. ''på swensko'') and continental [[w:Slavic languages|Slavic]] i.e. {{mn|zlw-opl|-ski}}.
 ==History==
@@ Line 52: / Line 52: @@
 ==Orthography==
+Boteyese is written in the [[w:Latin script|Latin script]] with some additional characters formed with [[w:Diacritic|diacritics]], comprising 23 letters in total. The modern [[w:Orthography|orthography]], based on the standard language, is completely [[w:Phonemic orthography|phonemic]] with a one-to-one correspondence between phonemes and [[w:Grapheme|graphemes]], though the pronunciation of some characters varies with respect to dialect and regular allophony.
+In addition to the standard set, there are a few letters which have conventionalized names and pronunciations. The letters ⟨q⟩, ⟨w⟩, ⟨x⟩, and ⟨z⟩ are used mainly in the archaic spellings of [[w:Personal name|personal names]], [[w:Toponymy|toponyms]], and non-incorporated [[w:Loanword|loanwords]], while ⟨ž⟩ is mainly used for modern loanwords and [[w:Transliteration|transliterations]] from Russian and other [[w:Balto-Slavic languages|Balto-Slavic languages]], thus [[w:Leonid Brezhnev|Leonid Brezhnev]] is adapted as ''Lyjanit Brežnyf''.
+The letters ⟨ç⟩ and ⟨ş⟩ are historically modified versions of the [[w:Digraph (orthography)|diagraphs]] ⟨cs⟩ and ⟨ts⟩. As such, they are formally considered to be separate characters and not diacritic character combinations. Nowadays, the original digraphs have seen use in [[Sensational spelling|stylistic spelling]] meant to evoke the [[w:Late Middle Ages|late medieval]] or [[w:Early modern period|early modern period]] even in contexts where this is [[w:Anachronistic|anachronistic]], such as spelling ''fçe'' “year” as ⟨fcse⟩ despite the fact that it would have been spelt ⟨fzē⟩ at the time.
+In Boteyese orthography, the [[w:Apostrophe|aprostrophe]] is used to mark [[w:Contraction (grammar)|contraction]], as in many other languages. This most often applies to cliticizing words, such as the subordinator ''at'' (''t'=''), the expletive article ''ret'' (''='t''), or the adverbial negator ''aky'' (''k'='').
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:42%; table-layout:fixed;"
+|+ Boteyese Alphabet
+! style="width:14%;" | Grapheme
+! style="width:14%;" | Name
+! style="width:14%;" | Phoneme
+|-
+| A, a || ''a'' [ˈɑ] || /ɐ/
+|-
+| B, b || ''be'' [ˈbe] || /b/
+|-
+| C, c || ''ce'' [ˈt͡ʃe] || /t͡ʃ/
+|-
+| D, d || ''de'' [ˈde] || /d/
+|-
+| E, e || ''e'' [ˈe] || /e/
+|-
+| F, f || ''af'' [ˈɑf] || /f/
+|-
+| G, g || ''ge'' [ˈɣe] || /ɣ/
+|-
+| H, h || ''ho'' [ˈho] || /h
+|-
+| I, i || ''i'' [ˈi] || /i/
+|-
+| J, j || ''ji'' [ˈji] || /j/
+|-
+| L, l || ''al'' [ˈɑl] || /l/
+|-
+| M, m || ''am'' [ˈɑm] || /m/
+|-
+| N, n || ''an'' [ˈɑn] || /n/
+|-
+| O, o || ''o'' [ˈo] || /o/
+|-
+| P, p || ''pe'' [ˈpe] || /p/
+|-
+| R, r || ''ar'' [ˈɑr] || /r/
+|-
+| S, s || ''as'' [ˈɑs] || /s/
+|-
+| T, t || ''te'' [ˈte] || /t/
+|-
+| U, u || ''u'' [ˈu] || /u/
+|-
+| V, v || ''ve'' [ˈve] || /v/
+|-
+| Y, y || ''y'' [ˈɪ] || /ɨ/
+|-
+| Ç, ç || ''çe'' [ˈʃe] || /ʃ/
+|-
+| Ş, ş || ''şe'' [ˈθ̠̞e] || /θ/
+|}
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:42%; table-layout:fixed;"
+|+ Additional Letters
+! style="width:14%;" | Grapheme
+! style="width:14%;" | Name
+! style="width:14%;" | Phoneme
+|-
+| Q, q || ''ku'' [ˈku] || /k/
+|-
+| W, W || ''dybal ve'' [ˈdɪbɐl ˈve] || /v/
+|-
+| X, x || ''ex'' [ˈes] || /s/
+|-
+| Z, z || ''zeta'' [ˈʃetɐ] || /ʃ/
+|-
+| Ž, ž || ''zeta oço't vli'' [ˈʃetɐ ˈoʃ.ot ˈvli] || /ʒ/
+|}
 ==Lexicon==