Riqian: Difference between revisions
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===Vowel reflexes=== | ===Vowel reflexes=== | ||
====Long vowels==== | ====Long vowels==== | ||
*''aé'' > '' | *''aé'' > ''e'' | ||
*''é'' > '' | *''é'' > ''ja'' | ||
*''á'' > ''õõ'' | *''á'' > ''õõ'' | ||
*''aó'' > '' | *''aó'' > ''o'' | ||
*''aói, ói'' > '' | *''aói, ói'' > ''ö'' | ||
*''úi'' > '' | *''úi'' > ''ü'' | ||
*''ó'' > '' | *''ó'' > ''a'' | ||
*''í'' > '' | *''í'' > ''i'' | ||
*''eá, eío'' > '' | *''eá, eío'' > ''jõ'' | ||
*''eí'' > '' | *''eí'' > ''i'' | ||
*''eó'' > '' | *''eó'' > ''jo'' | ||
*''eú'' > '' | *''eú'' > ''jö'' | ||
*''iú'' > '' | *''iú'' > ''ju'' | ||
*''aí'' > '' | *''aí'' > ''e'' | ||
*''ú'' > '' | *''ú'' > ''u'' | ||
====Short vowels==== | ====Short vowels==== | ||
*''a, e, i, o, u'' > ''a, | *''a, e, i, o, u'' > ''a, ä, i, o, u''? | ||
*''ao, eo, io, aio'' > ''õ, jõ, ju, jo''? | *''ao, eo, io, aio'' > ''õ, jõ, ju, jo''? | ||
*''ai, ei, oi/aoi, ui'' > '' | *''ai, ei, oi/aoi, ui'' > ''ä, i, ö, ü'' | ||
==Proto-Tigalic== | ==Proto-Tigalic== |
Revision as of 21:10, 8 July 2016
Noble Thensarian |
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Swedishy Tígełic (read: Fóõ gib)
Labial | Dental | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
central | lateral | central | lateral | ||||||
Nasal | m m | n n | ṇ ɳ | nj ɲ | ŋ ŋ | ||||
Stop | voiceless | p p | t t | ṭ ʈ | tj tɕ | k k | |||
voiced | b b | d d | ḍ ɖ | dj dʑ | g g | ||||
Fricative | voiceless | f f | s s | th ɬ | ṣ ʂ | ṭh ꞎ | sj ɕ | ch x | h h |
voiced | v v | z z | dh ɮ | ẓ ʐ | ḍh ɮ˞ | zj ʑ | gh ɣ | ||
Approximant | w w | l l | ḷ ɭ | j j |
Front | Back | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
unrounded | rounded | unrounded | rounded | |||||
short | long | short | long | short | long | short | long | |
Close | i /i/ | ii /iː/ | ü /y/ | üü /yː/ | u /u/ | uu /uː/ | ||
Mid | e /e/ | ee /eː/ | ö /ø/ | öö /øː/ | õ /ɤ/ | õõ /ɤː/ | o /o/ | oo /oː/ |
Open | a /a/ | aa /ɑː/ |
glides: -i/-u /-j -w/ < Old Tígeł -gh
Consonant reflexes
ndr, tr, thr, dr, dhr, sr, zsr, r = /ɳ ʈ ꞎ ɖ ɮ˞ ʂ ʐ ɭ/
Vowel reflexes
Long vowels
- aé > e
- é > ja
- á > õõ
- aó > o
- aói, ói > ö
- úi > ü
- ó > a
- í > i
- eá, eío > jõ
- eí > i
- eó > jo
- eú > jö
- iú > ju
- aí > e
- ú > u
Short vowels
- a, e, i, o, u > a, ä, i, o, u?
- ao, eo, io, aio > õ, jõ, ju, jo?
- ai, ei, oi/aoi, ui > ä, i, ö, ü
Proto-Tigalic
- Aramaization: h > 0 x, ɣ > ħ, ʕ; θ, ð > t, d; f > h (except before /l/ and /r/); begadkefat
- general y~u, ȳ~ū merger
- ʕ > ŋ
- p t k b d g m n ŋ h r l v j + creaky voice
- a e i o u ā ē ī ō ū ai au
Gebocham
Uncanny-valley English with a Franco-Turkish flavor. Native name: Gebocham /dʒəbʌʃɑŋ/
- Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ < a/ae ē/i ī ā/o/au e ō/u/y ū/ȳ
- Vowel harmony groups:
- high tense: i ʉ
- high lax: ɪ ʊ
- low: æ ʌ
- ə is neutral
- Rhotic vowels: [ɑɹ ɪɹ ɪɹ ɔɹ ɜɹ ʊɹ ʊɹ]
- "Nasal" vowels: [ɑŋ iŋ iŋ ɑŋ əŋ ɔŋ ɔŋ]
- All vowels may occur in open syllables e.g. dɹɪ
- Consonants: m n ŋ p t tʃ k ʔ b d dʒ g f s ʃ v z ʒ h ɹ l j
- I = /nʌ/
- thou = (m) /zɪɹ/, (f) /wɪɹ/
- he =