Nanyse

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Nanyse is an old and dead language of the Dumun, the result of the melding of the Proto-Afroasiatic and Proto-Indoeuropean languages due to the enslavement of their speakers by the Byluza. Although it is no longer spoken, this language was the platform that the four current languages of the Dumun were built upon. A small, yet growing, movement has begun among the Jara to breathe new life into the language, but otherwise it is known only to scholars and historians.

Phonology

Morphology

Syntax

Vocabulary

Nanyse Vocabulary
Number Nanyse Word Nanyse Word Meaning Proto-Afroasiatic Word Proto-AA Word Meaning Proto-Indoeuropean Word Proto-IE Word Meaning
1 ama I ʾanā I me I
2 atu you (sing) atta you túh₂ you
3 hu he he * *
4 weva we nəħna we wéy we
5 uton you (pl) attōn you you
6 hem they hum they * *
7 kad this hāðē this kod this
8 tad that hāhu that tód that
9 una here hunā here * *
10 unag there hunāka there * *
11 manes who mannu who kʷis who
12 what what * *
13 æge where ʾaykā where * *
14 mofæ when mâθay when * *
15 ægen how ʾaykan how * *
16 na not ma not ne not
17 dum all tVm all * *
18 hal many HawVl many * *
19 kalo some kmā some kaylo, solwo some
20 adat few ḫədāṭ few * *
21 ælfre other ʾaħér other h₂el-yó other
22 vonu one, 1 ʾaħadu one (H)óynos one
23 bwash two, 2 baʕiĉ̣ two dwóh₁ two
24 xæyas three, 3 šalāš three tréyes three
25 tworba four, 4 ʾarbaʿ four kʷetwóres four
26 uben five, 5 ḫ/ḥup/bin five pénkʷe five
27 kof big kabVr big * *
28 lug long ĉaʔd long dluh₂gʰós long
29 lefo wide rəħub wide * *
30 fen thick ʿvīṭā thick bʰenǵʰ thick
31 jalu heavy ɣaluč̣ heavy gʷer(h₂) heavy
32 ges small kus small mey small
33 regos short qâṣâr short mreǵʰú short
34 henga narrow qatnu narrow h₂enǵʰ narrow
35 tanus thin rVḳ thin ténh₂us thin
36 gamen female ʔamin woman gʷḗn woman
37 xero male ʒ/ǯa man wiHrós man
38 manica human being ga/ič(-aʔ) human being mánus human being
39 pewud child w/yVd child nepeh₃t grandson/nephew
40 exo wife ʾiššâ wife snúsos daugter-in-law
41 dawa husband ḥawVy husband *daywe husband's brother
42 mame mother ʔVma mother méh₂tēr mother
43 pape father bab father ph₂tḗr father
44 onem animal ʕum-ʕam animal * *
45 ku fish bus fish dʰǵʰu fish
46 sewa bird sabaḥ bird h₂éwis bird
47 kor dog kayar dog ḱwṓ dog
48 nyn louse ʔint louse knid louse
49 sefan snake sVf snake h₂engwi snake
50 rom worm dVm worm wr̥mi worm
51 dowu tree rVwVy tree dóru tree
52 cur forest suʕVr forest * *
53 gadso stick guʕad stick ǵhasto stick
54 bar fruit pi/ar fruit * *
55 xel seed či/ul seed * *
56 sep leaf ĉap leaf * *
57 sera root ĉVr root wréh₂ds root
58 gog bark ḳaw(ḳ) bark of tree * *
59 umpa flower ʔanbab flower * *
60 sæn grass sayam grass koino grass
61 sul rope sur rope * *
62 ape skin ʔad-Vm skin pel skin
63 mex meat fVʔ meat mēms meat
64 exa blood dam blood h₁ésh₂r̥ blood
65 gas bone ḳ(ʷ)as bone kost bone
66 taru fat pidar fat smeru fat
67 zaho egg sawVḥ egg h₂ōwyóm egg
68 ko horn ḳar horn koru horn
69 ce tail č̣ihr tail * *
70 sa feather ŝakʷ feather * *
71 fol hair sVʔVm hair pulh₂ hair
72 kal head gVl(gVl) head kaput head
73 os ear sim ear h₂ows ear
74 æhuk eye ʕayVn eye h₃ekʷ eye
75 nyha nose naḫVr nose hnéh₂s nose
76 efas mouth ʔa-pay mouth h₁oh₁s mouth
77 adus tooth kV(ʔ)Vs tooth h₃dónts tooth
78 lax tongue lis tongue dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s tongue
79 nak fingernail gu/iĉ fingernail h₃nógʰ(r)o fingernail
80 gob foot ĉayṗ foot pṓds foot
81 rosgo leg wa(ʕ)r leg kroksko leg
82 kena knee g(ʷ)inʒ knee ǵónu knee
83 tæpa hand ṭapiḥ hand man hand
84 gam wing ganVḥ wing * *
85 * belly hun belly udero belly
* * * * * * *
* xynam name sim name h₁nómn̥ name
* bedal because biğlal because *** ***
* am if ʾim, if *** ***
* kwa and wa and kʷe and
* be with bi with pe with
* pen in bi in (h₁?)en in
* apy at ba at opi at
* xewas left šimāl left sewyós left
* delum right walyam right deḱs right
* we far way far wi far
* kærf near qâróv near *** ***
* tuz dry kVʒ dry ters dry
* eda wet daʔ wet wed wet
* zed sharp ħadd sharp *h₂eḱ sharp
* an ancestor *** *** h₂en- ancestor
* dedar brother di/ad brother bʰréh₂tēr brother
* sesar sister si/ut sister swésōr sister
* zanu son ʒ/ǯaʔ son suHnús son
* date daughter si/ut daughter dʰugh₂tḗr daughter
* * * * * * *
* * * * * * *
* * * * * * *
* * * * * * *