Riqian

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Noble Thensarian
Primitive Tígeł
Old Tígeł

Modern Tígeł



Retroflex-y language



Bhadhagha



Hyper-Old Tígeł




Gebochamic

Gebocham



Bênôcian




Nurian



Andarin



Swedishy Tígełic (read: Fóõ gib)

Labial Dental Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
central lateral central lateral
Nasal m m n n ɳ nj, ŋj ɲ ŋ ŋ
Stop voiceless p p t t ʈ tj, kj k k
voiced b b d d ɖ dj, gj g g
Fricative voiceless f f s s th ɬ ʂ ṭh sj, chj ɕ ch x h h
voiced v v z z dh ɮ ʐ ḍh ɮ˞ zj, ghj ʑ gh ɣ
Approximant w w l l ɭ j j


Front Back
unrounded rounded unrounded rounded
Close i /i/ ü /y/ ũ /ɯ/ u /u/
Mid e /e/ ö /ø/ õ /ɤ/ o /o/
Open ä /æ/ a /ɑ/

glides: -i/-u /-j -w/ < Old Tígeł -gh

Consonant reflexes

ndr, tr, thr, dr, dhr, sr, zsr, r = /ɳ ʈ ꞎ ɖ ɮ˞ ʂ ʐ ɭ/

Vowel reflexes

Long vowels

  • > e
  • é > ja
  • áõõ
  • > o
  • aói, ói > ö
  • úi > ü
  • ó > a
  • í > i
  • eá, eío >
  • > i
  • > jo
  • >
  • > ju
  • > e
  • ú > u

Short vowels

  • a, e, i, o, u > a, ä, i, o, u?
  • ao, eo, io, aio > õ, jõ, ju, jo?
  • ai, ei, oi/aoi, ui > ä, i, ö, ü

Proto-Tigalic

  • Aramaization: h > 0 x, ɣ > ħ, ʕ; θ, ð > t, d; f > h (except before /l/ and /r/); begadkefat
  • general y~u, ȳ~ū merger
  • ʕ > ŋ
  • p t k b d g m n ŋ h r l v j + creaky voice
  • a e i o u ā ē ī ō ū ai au

Gebocham

Uncanny-valley English with a Franco-Turkish flavor. Native name: Gebocham /dʒəbʌʃɑŋ/

  • Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ < a/ae ē/i ī ā/o/au e ō/u/y ū/ȳ
  • Vowel harmony groups:
    • high tense: i ʉ
    • high lax: ɪ ʊ
    • low: æ ʌ
    • ə is neutral
  • Rhotic vowels: [ɑɹ ɪɹ ɪɹ ɔɹ ɜɹ ʊɹ ʊɹ]
  • "Nasal" vowels: [ɑŋ iŋ iŋ ɑŋ əŋ ɔŋ ɔŋ]
    • All vowels may occur in open syllables e.g. dɹɪ
  • Consonants: m n ŋ p t tʃ k ʔ b d dʒ g f s ʃ v z ʒ h ɹ l j
  • I = /nʌ/
  • thou = (m) /zɪɹ/, (f) /wɪɹ/
  • he =