User:IlL/A Danified analytic Neo-Arabic/Ancient

Old Knánith is the stage of Knánith after the split from Biblical Hebrew and before 9th century CE.

Phonology

Consonants

/m p b f v n t d tʼ θ ð ts s z ʃ ɣ̃ ħ k g kʼ x h l w j r/ ⟨m p b f v n t d ᴛ th dh ts s/x z š ȝ ħ k g ᴋ kh h l w y r⟩

Glottal reinforcement (transcribed by tt kk, pronounced /ʔt ʔk/) occurs before historical Biblical Hebrew emphatics /tʼ kʼ tsʼ/, and also analogically in some other cases (cf. Glottalic PIE > RP English).

/l/ allophonically velarized before C.

Mutations

Words can undergo initial lenition, as in Irish and Tiberian Hebrew:

p- b- t- d- k- g- > f- v- th- dh- kh- Ø-

Vowels

Old Knánith had a rather simple vowel system:

a e i o u ø á é í ó ú /a e i o u ə a: e: i: o: u:/

Long vowels were formed from V + /ʔ h ɣ/.

/ə/ was a result of vowel reduction.

Prosody

Stress

Stress was penultimate for most words.

Grammar

Still basically Hebrew (except with penultimate stress), with inflected verbs.

Syntax was retained as VSO under the influence of Celtic.

Verbs

All 7 binyanim of Biblical Hebrew were in use.

Verbs had the following forms:

• Past
• Non-past
• Imperative
• Infinitive