Slavo-Japanese

Warêren geng is a hypothetical Cymrosemblant descendant of modern Japanese, à la Efenol.

It is V2 and verb final in subordinate clauses.

Sufeden ningêla ddiûdda ufarnârenist, mad beuddudda songent cerhidde. Ningêla saugerareda rizaed lauzinne, mad cauddauzinagerefran tâini dauaun saezinne.

• kutsu /kɯ̥t͡sɯ/ "shoe" > chu
• atsu "pressure" > *ass > âz (random change)
  • 圧力 âzreg "physical pressure"
• çi̥kaɴ "pessimism" > *sgâ > ysgâ "despair"
• kʲi̥ɕit͡sɯ "temperament" > csitsu > chis "personality, nature"
• kɯɕi̥kɯmo "strangely" > cysguf
• eien "eternity" > aiê
  • eien-no "eternal", eien-ni "eternally" > aien
• ai > wy "love"
• ocha > otha/oth "tea"
• siacwyth "a legendary instrument"

Internal history

Rising political instability in 21st-century Japan eventually led to societal collapse, and worse, a bloody civil war that produced many Japanese refugees to Canada and northern Europe. No longer under the influence of standardization, the Japanese they spoke underwent rapid change over generations. In particular, the language spoken by the Canadian Japanese refugees developed into Warêren geng (lit. 'our language').

Evolution from Japanese

Long vowel reflexes: ā ī ao/ō oi ē ai ae ū ui/au > /aɨ ai aw ei ai ui ei aɨ ɨ:/

Slender consonant reflexes: ky gy ch j sh ny py by my hy ry > /tʃ dʒ θ ð nʲ pl bl vl ɬ l/ <tsi j th dd si n pl bl vl lh l>

Nouns

The biggest change is the loss of topic-prominence from the merger of the topic marker wa and nominative ga.

Cases

• nom is -a or -la
• acc is unmarked
• genitive/dative is -n
• locative/instrumental is either -dde or -nne
• lative is -ngath < ni mukatte
• comitative is -t/-d/-nt
• plural is -dwyth/-twyth < -tachi
• ablative is -gâr
• terminative ("and"?) is -fadd

declension of heis = star: heisa, heis, heisin, heisidde, heisngath, heist, heisgâr, heisfadd

Elen síla lúmenn' omentielvo = Heisa câieider warêren diâin teigin.

Verbs

Ichidan verbs

Example: tafer 'eats'

• Present: tafer 'eats'; tafene 'does not eat'
• Progressive: tafeder 'is eating'
• Past: tafeda 'ate'
• Conjunctive: tafed
• Future: taferffeidd 'will eat'; from taberu tsumori da 'intends to eat'
• Conditional: tafera 'if he eats'

Godan verbs

-g verbs

Example: cag 'he writes'

• Present: cag 'writes'; cagân 'does not write'
• Progressive: cwider? caider? 'is writing'
• Past: cwida 'wrote'
• Conjunctive: cwid
• Future: cagffeidd 'will write'
• Conditional: caga 'if he writes'

Numbers

1. aith
2. ni
3. sâ
4. iô
5. gô
6. rog
7. saith (< si:θ < shichi)
8. wyth (< aiθ < hachi)
9. tsieu
10. ddeu

100: llag

1000: thi

10000: bâ